This document discusses green buildings and their benefits. It defines green buildings as those that use less water and energy, conserve resources, and create less waste and pollution than conventional buildings. It describes various green building materials like bamboo, green concrete, fly ash, and wool bricks. It also discusses green building rating systems in India like LEED and GRIHA that evaluate buildings' environmental performance. Green buildings provide benefits like energy and water savings, better indoor air quality, and conservation of natural resources.

1. GREEN BUILDINGS
VIJAY VIGNESH A
M.E CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
COIMBATORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

2. WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING ??
It is the increase in earth’s average
atmospheric temperature that causes corresponding changes in climate and that
may results from greenhouse effects.

3.  INCREASED
TEMPERATURE
 RISING SEA LEVEL
 CLIMATE CHANGE
 HURRICANES & FLOODS
 CONTAMINATION OF
FRESH WATER

4. What is Global Warming has to do with Civil Engineer ??
• 50% of global warming is the outcome of built environment.
• Majority of existing buildings have low concern with energy
conservation.
• CO2 emissions from 1 ton of concrete produced vary between 0.05
to 0.13 tons. 95% of all concrete is from cement manufacturing.
• In India, Building industry is producing second largest amount of
demolition waste and GHG (40%).
• Resources such as forest, water and energy are depleted to construct
and operate buildings.
 CLIMATE CHANGE
Climate is changing fast globally because of
increased energy consumption and thus increase Green house gases
(GHG) like CO2 which leads to global warming. The World produces
about 0.6 tons / year / per capita CO2. India is 5th largest producing
GHG.

5. • ENERGY CONSUMPTION PATTERNS
THE WORLD ENERGY SCENARIO SHOWS THAT BUILDINGS AND
CONSTRUCTION CONSUMES THE MAJOR SHARE OF THE GLOBAL ENERGY

6. • The bottom line:
WHAT WILL BE THE SOLUTION THEN…
GREEN BUILDING

7. IS THIS
GREEN BUILDING ??

8. GREEN BUILDING
 Green building ( also known as green construction or sustainable
building) expands and complements the building design concerns of
economy, utility, durability, and comfort.
 A Green Building is one which uses less water, optimizes energy
efficiency, conserves natural resources, generates less waste and
provides healthier space for occupants as compared to conventional
buildings.
 The ‘GREEN BUILDING’ concept is gaining importance in various
countries, including India. These are buildings that ensure waste is
minimized at every stage during the construction and operation of
the building, resulting in low costs, according to experts intechnology.

10. Typical Layout Of Green Building

11. Objectives of Green Building
• The aim of green building design is to minimize
resources, maximize the reuse, recycling and utilization
of renewable resources.
• It maximizes the reuse, recycling, and utilization of
renewable resources.
• It maximizes the use of efficient building material and
construction practices, optimizes the use of onsite resources
and use of renewable sources of energy, use efficient waste
management practices and provide comfortable and
hygienic indoor working conditions.

12. (Continued)…
• Low Impact
• Minimize impact on natural environment
• Energy Efficient
• Reduced Energy usage and Water usage
• Healthy
• Protect occupant health and increase productivity
• Minimize waste
• Designed and constructed in a manner that
minimizes waste, pollution, and environmental
degradation

13. Energy Efficient Green Building

14. Fundamental principles
• Structure design efficiency
• Energy efficiency
• Water efficiency
• Materials efficiency
• Indoor environment
quality

15. Structural Efficiency
• Its main intensions is to minimize the total environment
impact associated with all life- cycles.
• It has the largest impact on cost and performance of building.

16. Energy Efficiency
• The strategy is to reduce
the operating energy use.
• Renewable energy through
solar power, wind power,
hydro power and biomass
can significantly reduce
the environmental impact
of a building.

19. Water Efficiency
• Reducing water consumption and protecting water quality is
the key objectives of sustainable building.
• The use of non-sewage and greywater for on-site use such as
site-irrigation will minimize demands on the local aquifer.

21. Materials Efficiency
• Buildings materials should be renewable materials, recycle and
friendly to the environment.
• Examples are lumber from forest, renewable plant materials
like bamboo and straw and other products that are non-toxic,
reusable, etc.

23. Materials Used In Green Buildings
BAMBOO
GREEN
CONCRETE
AUTOCLAVED
AERATED
CONCRETE
GLASS
FLY ASH
WOOL
BRICK
WOOD FIBRE
BOARDS

24. BAMBOO
It is termed as wood which
is hard at outer surface and soft inside.
Bamboo as a building material in the
bamboo architecture is using for
several constructions.
 Bamboo houses
This way of construction offers
the following advantages:
• Prefabrication, simple replacement of structural parts, simple
assembly.
• The bamboo elements can be easily dismantled and reused.
• This will offers high elasticity and low mass. This is the reason, why
this houses are secure from an earthquake.
 Roofing
The simplest roof covering is formed by bamboo shingles
which are as long as the rafters. They are held in position by their own
weight.
00

26. GREEN CONCRETE
Green concrete is a eco-friendly concrete.
Concrete that made with concrete waste and uses less in energy in its
production & produces less carbon dioxide than normal concrete is
called green concrete.
Importance:
• The environmental impact of concrete indicates air & water
pollution and CO2 emissions which leads to green house gases.
• Every 1 ton of cement produces 0.9 tons of CO2.
Green benefits:
 Consumes less energy
 Good thermal and fire resistant
 Minimize the destruction of natural resources

27. AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE
It is also known as autoclaved cellular concrete or autoclaved
lightweight concrete. Its products are in the form of blocks, wall
panels, floor & roof panels and lintels.
Green benefits :
Reduces CO2 emissions
Low environmental impact
Excellent thermal efficiency
Minimize the generation of solid waste

29. GLASS
Glass is a indispensable material for green building. It is
transparent material which allows daylight into the interiors. Glass
is completely recyclable and non-toxic in nature.
Green benefits:
Day lighting
Recyclability
Achieving energy efficiency
Innovative application
Controls noise
Blending interiors with exteriors (views)

32. FLY ASH
Fly ash is an excellent resource material for construction
industry. It helps to conserve natural resources like clay, limestone
required for making cement- thus saving environment.
Road and Embankment works :
Core fill material for rail/road embankment constructions
As reinforced fill material
Sub base / base course of flexible pavements
Construction of semi rigid / rigid pavements
Manufacture of Building brick
The compressive strength of fly ash bricks increased with
increasing the amount of fly ash as additive. Use of fly ash as a
raw material for the production of building bricks is not only a
viable alternative to clay but also a solution to a difficult and
expensive waste disposal problem.

34.  If fly ash bricks can replace 50% of clay bricks then it will reduce
emissions of green house gas by 435000 tons each year.
Fly ash concrete
i. Concrete Workability
• Fly ash produces more cementitious paste which contributes
roughly 30% more volume of cementitious material per pound
versus cement.
• Fly ash reduces the amount of water ( 2% - 10%) needed to
produce a given slump.
ii. Offers higher durability because of less permeability

35. WOOL BRICK
• Obtained by adding wool and a natural polymer (alginate)
found in seaweed to the clay of the brick.
• 37% Stronger than other bricks.
Green benefits:
 These kinds of bricks can be manufactured without firing,
which contributes to energy savings.
 Best alternative to conventional building materials such as
earthen bricks and concrete blocks.
 Zero carbon product
 Resistant to cold and wet climates

37. WOOD FIBRE BOARDS
• Rigid insulation boards made from wood chippings and by-
product of sawmills.
• Softwood chippings are pulped and mixed with water
mechanically (20mm thick)
• Used for roof constructions, flooring board .
Green benefits:
 Manufactured from renewable resources
 Good acoustics
 No health risk
 Reusable , recyclable and 100% compostable

39. Green Building Rating Systems
• The objective of green building rating systems is to evaluate
the performance of green buildings.
The performance of the building is evaluated
based on following parameters
• Site planning
• Building envelope design
• Building system design
• Planning designing, construction and operation.

40. Green Building Rating Systems In INDIA
• LEED INDIA: An Indian adaptation of LEED USA, by
Indian green building council
• TERI- GRIHA:
• A National Rating System for Green Buildings developed
by MNRE in association with TERI.

41. IGBC GREEN Buildings
• The Indian Green Building Council (IGBC)
provides LEED ratings to structures in India
• Each rating system divided into different level of
certification is as follows:
• ‘Certified’ to recognize best practices.
• ‘Silver’ to recognize outstanding performances.
• ‘Gold’ to recognize national excellence.
• ‘Platinum’ to recognize global leadership.

42. Different Levels Of Green Building Certification
The various levels of rating awarded are;
‘ certified’ to recognize best practices
• (30-36 Pts)
‘Silver’ to recognize outstanding performance
• (37- 44 Pts)
‘gold’ to recognize national excellence
• ( 45- 55 Pts)
‘platinum’ to recognize global leadership
• (56-75 Pts)

44. Teri – Griha
TERI GRIHA HAS 100 POINT SYSTEM
• The minimum points required for certification is
50.
Building scoring
• 50-60 points- one star
• 61-70- two stars
• 71- 80 -three stars
• 81-90 -four stars
• 91- 100 Five stars

45. GREEN BUILDING FEATURES
It provides physical description of the features, the green
components they include and the criteria for their design.
 BUILDING SITE
 BUILDING LAYOUT
 BUILDING ENVELOPE
 EXTERNAL DEVELOPMENT

46. BUILDING SITE
Sites which are located in developed regions of cities and towns (covered by
master plan) and connected by public transport constitutes a green building site.
Sites which have amenities and facilities like playground, school, hospital, banks
etc. within walking distances are green.

47. BUILDING LAYOUT
1. SITE FEATURES: It should follows the natural vegetation, provides native
vegetation and imprints minimum development footprint on it.
2. ORIENTATION:

49. 3. BUFFER SPACES:
Such as courtyards, balconies, verandahs provide shade and catch winds. The
also provide cool air and adequate daylight.

50. BUILDING ENVELOPE:
1. WALLS
Walls are the largest area of the envelope exposed to the outside. The heat gained
by wall depends on the area of the surface, thermal transmittance of material and
the temperature difference between the outside and inside. The resistance of heat
can be increased by
• The thickness of the wall may be increased.
• Light colored distemper may be
applied on the exposed side of
the wall.
• Cavity wall construction as with
rat trap bond may be adopted.

51. 2. ROOF:
The roof receives significant amount of solar radiation.
Recommended best green practices include:
 Insulating materials applied externally or internally to the roofs
 Cultivating roof gardens
 Movable covers of suitable heat insulating material.
3. FENESTRATION:
It is serves to provide heat gain, day- lighting and ventilation. It hot climates
 Minimum heat gain through fenestration is desired.
 Ample day lighting is required to reduce lighting energy consumption in
buildings.
 Adequate ventilation can let in fresh air and exhaust hot room air, resulting in
cooling.
The performance of fenestration depends on
• Design of openings (size, shape, orientation)
• Selection of glass
• Design of shading devices (chajja, fins)

53. Window jalis are particularly suitable in hot climates keeping
interior cool, as it prevents the entry of direct solar radiation.

54. EXTERNAL DEVELOPMENT : It includes
 Vegetation includes tress, hedges, plants, creepers, vines and lawns
around buildings.
 Pathways and paving
 Road and Parking
 Other areas: Entrance porch, terrace development
Pathways paved with pieces of stones or tiles to makes the ground more
pervious and green thus increasing water percolation and vegetation.
Road and parking on the site to be minimal. It should be underneath trees,
or buildings.

56. Green Building In India
• Suzlon Energy Limited (SEL),Pune
Suzlon Energy Limited (SEL), India’s largest wind turbine
manufacturer, received LEED Platinum award for their new
corporate headquarters in Pune, Maharashtra, India.
• Biodiversity Conservation India Ltd (BCIL) - Bangalore
BCIL's homes in Whitefield, Bangalore has been certified as the
first residential apartment in the world to be rated ‘Platinum’
underLEED.
• Olympia Technology Park - Chennai
• The world’s largest LEED ‘Gold’ rated green building.. Built on
an area of 1.8 million sq. ft., this futuristic masterpiece features
three mighty towers on 8.4 acre greenery

57. Biodiversity Conservation India Ltd (BCIL)
Bangalore LEED Platinum

58. Olympia Technology Park – Chennai (LEED ‘Gold’)

59. Suzlon Energy Limited (SEL),Pune LEED Platinum

60. • Rajiv Gandhi International Airport - Hyderabad
• India’s first Greenfield airport is undeniably among the top
10 green buildings in India and the first airport in Asia to be
awarded the LEED ‘Silver’ rating certification by US Green
Building Council. Featuring 100,005 sq. m. of glass encased
terminal, this green building ensures optimal use of natural light
and minimal wastage of electricity or energy consumption.

61. Benefits of Green Buildings
Tangible Benefits
• Energy Savings : 20 - 30 %
• Water Savings : 30 - 50%
Intangible Benefits
• Enhanced air quality,
• Excellent day lighting,
• Health & wellbeing of the occupants,
• Conservation of scarce national resources
• Enhance marketability for the project.

62. THANK