1.1.5 Terms related to Computer & 1.1.5.1 Hardware.ppt
1. TERMS RELATED TO COMPUTER
“HARDWARE”
By
Mr. V. VEERANAN
M.Sc. Computer Science., Dip. in Yoga.,
Government Arts College, Melur – 625 106.
2. 1.1.5 Terms related to Computer
1.1.5.1 Hardware
These computer science terms connect to the
physical components of a computer. Hardware represents
the most tactile aspects of computer science and the
materials computers are made of.
Mr. V.Veeranan, M.Sc. Computer Science, Dip. in Yoga
3. CPU
CPU stands for the Central Processing Unit. It is
the processing chip that serves as the "brains" of a device
that interprets (or processes) the digital instructions
provided by applications.
Mr. V.Veeranan, M.Sc. Computer Science, Dip. in Yoga
4. Bit
Bit is an abbreviation for ”binary digit” the
smallest piece of information used by a computer. Each bit
is either a 1 or a 0, which are the binary digits that make
up computer language. Bits are literally the foundation
upon which computer science is built. In modern computing,
information is stored and processed at a scale that is
orders of magnitude larger than individual bits.
Mr. V.Veeranan, M.Sc. Computer Science, Dip. in Yoga
5. See the conversion rate below to better
contextualize the size of a bit:
1 Byte = 8 bits
1 Kilobyte = 1,024 bytes
1 Megabyte = 1,024 kilobytes
1 Gigabyte = 1,024 megabytes features.
Mr. V.Veeranan, M.Sc. Computer Science, Dip. in Yoga
6. RAM
Random Access Memory (RAM) is the hardware
component used to store data that is actively being used by
a processor. When needed, information flows to RAM
storage from long-term secondary storage—typically a hard
drive.
Mr. V.Veeranan, M.Sc. Computer Science, Dip. in Yoga
7. Secondary storage
Secondary storage refers to the long-term data
storage options found in a device. This includes Hard Disk
Drives (HDD) and Solid-State Drives (SSD). When you
save a file to your computer, it is sent to secondary storage.
Mr. V.Veeranan, M.Sc. Computer Science, Dip. in Yoga
8. ROM
ROM stands for Read-Only Memory. This is
memory that can only be read from and is not electronically
modifiable after being manufactured. Computers use ROM
to store critical foundational information like start-up
processes and software instructions.
Mr. V.Veeranan, M.Sc. Computer Science, Dip. in Yoga
9. Input / Output Devices (I/O Devices)
I/O devices refer to anything people use to input
information to the computer or to take information out
(output). For example, a keyboard and Mouse are input
devices. A printer is an output device.
Mr. V.Veeranan, M.Sc. Computer Science, Dip. in Yoga
