By Dr Patrick Duong, Regional Programme Advisor, Local Governance and Decentralization, UNDP Regional Hub for Asia and the Pacific

1. Regional Knowledge Exchange
Implementing Agenda 2030 for sustainable development
Session IB:
Integrating SDGs into
subnational planning and
budgeting frameworks
Bangkok, 24-25 October 2016
Patrick Duong
Regional Programme Advisor
Local Governance and Decentralization
UNDP Regional Hub for Asia and the Pacific

2. Urbanization & Migration
Development challenge:
Inequalities
Leave no one behind
Inequalities are aggravated by rapid
urbanization trends (56-64% of the AP
population will be urban by 2050)
Here, residents are:
• Poor and often don’t have ID documents
• Limited access to services, poor infrastructures
• Little voice (and women even less)
• Weak social contract (but a patronage system)
• Often do not vote
In this part of the city:
• High GDP growth and large FDIs
• High level of household incomes
• Good quality of service & public infrastructures
• Good social contract and social cohesion
• Solid Public-Private partnerships

3. 3 local governance challenges for
SDGs in Asia and the Pacific

4. Status of Local governance in Asia-Pacific
THREE: Data gap:
• Disaggregated data are often unavailable (or not used by local planners).
• Local governance indicators are not included in planning processes.
• Few opportunities/data for private sector, non-state actors to engage with LGs.
TWO: Poor accountability and awareness of the SDGs:
• Limited downward accountability.
• Weak demand from citizens for participation & transparency.
• Limited interest from the private sector and universities to support SDGs.
ONE: Unfinished DLG reforms:
• Political decentralization exist but administrative & fiscal decentralization
are not always completed.
• Influenced by central governments, LGs often have little authority and
resources to plan, finance and drive local development plans.

5. The importance to
localize development
(beyond sector
approaches):
Impact of fiscal
decentralization on
literacy rates
J.Boex,2015

6. G
DIAGNOSTIC
D
L
O
A
L
SDG Local Governance
Diagnostic Executive
Snapshot
An online platform that brings quantitative
and qualitative data together for effective
SDG plans (using local indicators)
UNDP Asia-Pacific
Bangkok Regional Hub
Local Governance Team
With support from:

7. Socio-Eco Data
Public
Expenditures
Citizens surveys
(& private sector)
Local Governance
Indicators
3 layers of local
data analyzed
with Local
Governance
indicators

8. Socio-Eco Data
Public
Expenditures
Citizens surveys
(& private sector)
Secondary data, i.e.:
• Multi-Dimensional Poverty Index
• National Statistics
• HDI, MICS, etc.
Secondary data, i.e.:
• National & subnational budget
(COFOG)
• Public Expenditure Reviews
• Development Finance
Assessments
Primary data (40+ indicators):
• Citizen perception survey (FGDs;
household surveys)
• Women, Youth and Vulnerable
groups
• Feedback and complain
mechanisms
• Private sector’s interest for the
SDGs
• Crowdsourcing

9. Local Governance
Indicators
Primary data (70+ indicators):
• De-jure:
Decentralization/LG policies &
legal environment (incl. fiscal
space for PPP, Corporate Social
Responsibilities, etc.)
• De-facto:
LG core functional capacities (plan,
budget, execute/contract, monitor
and report)
• 8 LG dimensions:
Accountable; Transparent;
Responsive; Inclusive; Effective &
Efficient; Follow RoL; Participatory;
Consensus oriented.

10. Technical assistance and QA provided by UNDP Regional Hub and COs
Programming entry-points for Government (local & central),
Development partners, UNDP and the Private sector
More than a Snapshot: A comprehensive process to localize the
SDGs and build partnerships for implementation
TWO:
Data collection
Data collected
and
Analyzed
FOUR:
Local validation
SDGs in Mid-Term
plans & budgets
(+ national policy
coherence)
FIVE:
Implementation
With support
from local
innovation labs
& private sector
THREE:
Exec. Snapshot
Produced
and
online
ONE:
Customization
Local indicators
defined (with LG,
citizens)