During the 18th century, the British East India Company extended its power in India by subduing Indian princely states one by one. From 1765 to 1836, Indians suffered under British rule with social evils like untouchability and child marriage proliferating. The British imposed heavy taxes that destroyed the livelihoods of farmers. In 1857, growing resentment among Indian soldiers and landlords erupted into an widespread violent revolt against the British Raj.

1. Glimpses of the past

2.  OBJECTIVES
 To enable the students to understand the British reign in India
 Learner gets the knowledge about some freedom fighters from the given text.
 To enable the students to write the events in order.
 The learner gets the knowledge to narrate the events in chronological order.
 The learner feels the love and respect for the country and patriots.

3. New Words
Martyr : Person who undergoes death or suffering for his or her belief.
Ex. Bhagat singh was a great martyr.
Destiny: Power believed to control events.
Man is the maker of his own destiny.
Untouchability : Restrictions on touching.
Ex. Untouchability is a sin against society.
Misery: Great suffering .
Ex. He is living in misery and want.

4. KEY POINTS
THE HISTORY OF OUR COUNTRY DURING 1757-1857.
INDIA WAS UNDER BRITISH RULE DURING THIS PERIOD.
INDIA PRINCES WERE DETHRONED BY THE BRITISH EAST INDIA
COMPANY.
INDIAN PEOPLE LED A MISERABLE LIFE DURING THIS PERIOD IN
EVERY FIELD
MANY LEARNED MEN GATHERED AND TOGETHER THE PEOPLE OF
INDIA AND TOLD THEM TO AGAINST THE BRITISH RAJ.
IN 1857 , A REVOLT OUT BROKE AND THE CONSEQUENCE OF THE
REVOLT PAVED THE WAY TO THE FIRST FREEDOM FIGHT AGAINST
BRITISH RULE IN INDIA.

5. Summary
 During 18th century, British east India Company was extending its power in worldwide. That
time Indian princes were fighting each other. East India Company subdued Indian princes
one by one.
 During the period of 1765 to 1836 India had to witness many incidents. Untouchability, child
marriage and other social evils existed in Indian society. The people were superstitious also.
 The British imposed heavy taxes on farmers so that farmers had to abandon their fields. The
east India Company’s law began to cripple Indian industries. Ram Mohan Roy, a learned
person from Bengal understood what was wrong with this country.
 He was attracted by science and modern knowledge. He went to England and fight for the
justice of India. But the British continued to oppress Indians. In 1818 they had passed
regulation III, under it, an Indian could be jailed without trail in a court.
 During 1835-56 Thomas Macaulay suggested some change in Indian Education. They taught
Indians their language. By 1856, British had conquered the whole India. Some Indian soldiers
in east India Company were ill pleased with the attitude of East Indian Company.
 A soldier named Mangal Pandey attacked the adjutant of his regiment and executed. In
1857, a violent revolt was out broken. The rebellion spread wider.
 Many landlords lost their lands, because of the British policies . Many rulers like Begum
Hazrat Mahal of Lucknow were bitter. Popular leaders like Maulvi Abenedulla of Faisabaad,
Tantya Tope aroused the people of India to fight against British Raj.

6. The Martyrs
•“Oh my country men! Let your eyesfill with tears,asyou
recall the sacrifices of India’s martyrs.”

7. The company’s consequests
During 18th century, British east India Company was extending its
power in worldwide. That time Indian princes were fighting each
other. East India Company subduded Indian princes one by one.

8. British Rule (1765-1836)
•Religious leaders preached
ideas like untouchability and
child marriage.
•The British imposed heavy
taxes on farmers so that
farmers had to abandon their
fields.
•TheeastIndia Company’slaw began
to cripple Indian industries.
•British invented other
methods which gave them
profits.
•Inevitably famines
followed, between 1822 and 1836

9. Raja Ram MohanRoy
Ram Mohan Roy, a learned
person from Bengal
understood what was wrong
with this country.
He was attracted by science
and modern knowledge.
He went to England and fight
for the justice of India.
Hesaidto hiswife, “Cowsare of
different colors but the color of
their milk is the same. Different
terachers have different opinions
but the essence of every religion is
the same.” Ram Mohan
Roy

10. Oppression (1765-1835)
•But the British continued to
oppress Indians.
•In 1818 they had passed
regulation III, under it, an
Indian could be jailed without
trail in a court.
•By 1829, Britain was exporting
British
goods worth seven crore rupees to
India.
•All the time British officers in India
drew big salaries and also made
fortunes in private business.
•At that time Bentinck was the

11. Dissatisfaction(1835-1856)
•Education in India was in
Persian and Sanskrit.
•During 1835-56 Thomas
Macaulay suggested some
change in Indian Education.
•They taught Indians their
language.
•By 1856, the British had
conquered the whole of India.
•They cared a little about the
needs of Indians.
Thomas
Macaulay

12. • Some Indian
soldiers in east
India Company
were ill pleased
with the attitude of
East Indian
Company.
• A soldier named
Mangal Pandey
attacked the adjutant
of his regiment and
executed.
The sparks (1855-1857)
Mangal Pandey

13. • In 1857, a
violent revolt
was out
broken in
Meerut.
• The rebellion
spread wider.
• Many landlords
lost their lands,
because of the
Revolt (1857)

14. • Many rulers like
Begum Hazrat
Mahal of Lucknow
were bitter.
• The patriots
pounced upon the
British and fought
pitched battles all
over North India.
The Fight for freedom(1857)
TantyaTope
Begum Hazrat
Mahal