- The document summarizes the findings of a Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) program conducted in Talpur village from 2020-2021. - Key findings include demographics of the village, major crops grown, farming systems analysis, problems faced by farmers, and recommendations. - The major crops grown are rice, potato, and groundnut. Analysis found knowledge gaps in application of chemicals, high costs, and issues with seed quality and market prices. Recommendations focused on training, mechanization, and government support.

1. RAWE (RURAL AGRICULTRURAL WORK EXPERIENCE) PROGRAMME ON SOCIO-
ECONOMIC AND AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF VILLAGE TALPUR
• Conducted by : Tanmay modak
• Year : 2020-2021
• COURSE NO: AG 401
• SEMESTER: 7th
• Roll no-> (sus-30)
• Registration no: (178/ug/ag/17-18)
• Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Bankura
Campus, susunia, Chhatna, Bankura

2. WHAT IS RAWE
Rural Agricultutal Work Experience(RAWE) is a
flagship activity for the final year B.sc(Ag) students
in which students are exposed to reality in the
farmers field in rural area or agro-based industrial
situation to build self-confedence by sharpening
their professional skills.

3. Objectives of rawe
•To understand the existing farming situations of the
village Talpur.
• To identify the farm resources available in the village
• To analyze the farming systems in micro-level
• To identify problems and suggest possible solutions
•To carry out a participatory learning and action.

4. VILLAGE- “TALPUR” AT A GLANCE
NAME OF THE VILLAGE TALPUR
Mouza Talpur
Gram Panchayet Talpur
Block Tarakeswar
Sub division CHANDANNAGORE
District Hooghly
Area 349.17 ha./3.49 Square kilometer
(3rd biggest village by area in block)
Nearest River Damodar
Agro-climatic Zone Old alluvial Zone
PINCODE 712410
1st Digital Village among Hooghly District (declared in 2017)

5. DEMOGRAPHICS
FACTOR NUMBER / PERCATAGE 2001-2011
TOTAL POPULATION 5389
6th most populous village among
Block
5.4% Growth
MALE POPULATION 2835(53%) 5.5% Growth
FEMALE POPULATION 2554(47%) 5.3% Growth
TOTAL HOUSEHOLD 1224
MEMBERS/ FAMILY 4
ESTIMATED FAMILY NUMBER 306
SEX-RATIO 901 (901 females/1000 males)

6. Population of Talpur Village
MALE
53%
FEMALE
47%
Total Population(5838)

7. Distribution of Caste in Talpur
SC, 20.60%
ST, 0.70%
GENERAL, 78.70%

8. Distrubution of Occupution
AGRICULTURE
33%
POTTERY
1%
OTHERS
66%

9. Literacy rate of Talpur
Literate
80%
Illiterate
20%
Total Literate Population(4306)

10. Types of Farmers & their land holding
90%
10%
Avg. size of Land holding- 15 katha to 1.5 bigha
MARGINAL SMALL

11. THIS APPROACH AIMS TO INCORPORATE THE
KNOWLEDGE AND OPINIONS OF RURAL PEOPLE
IN THE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
SPACE ANALYSIS →
PERTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL
METHOD

12. Social Map
Social map shows only the possible locations of all the social and religious
institutions , Crop area, Living area.

13. Pictures of Institutions

14. Hydrological Map
Map shows only the possible locations of all the waterbodies like Ponds, Tubewell
Canal and irrigation sources.

15. Water Resources

16. Crop Enterprise Map
Map shows all the crop fields and Agro-industries

17. TIME ANALYSIS OF VILLAGE
TIME-LINE

18. BREAKTHROUGH EVENTS
YEAR BREAKTHROUGH EVENTS
1946 A.D TALPUR PATHSALA
1965 A.D CANAL
2016 A.D RAILWAY STATION

21. Some Pictures with Villagers

22. Seasonal Crops:→
❑Talpur Manufacturers and Agricultural Commodities Data
Kharif Season Rabi Season Pre-Kharif Season
Rice Potato Sesame/Groundnut/
Jute(domestic purpose)
Description Type Commodities
Agricultural
Commodities(1st)
POTATO
Agricultural
Commodities(2nd)
PADDY
Agricultural
Commodities(3rd)
Sesame/Groundnut
Handicrafts Commodities POTTERY

23. FARM RESOURCES OF THE VILLAGE
❑ NAME OF THE FARMERS:
✓Mr. Santosh kr. Pal
✓Mr. Sankar Majhi
✓ Mr. Sanjay kr. Ghanti
✓Mr. Joydeb Mallick
✓Mr. Mukul Ghosh
The above mentioned farmers have told us about the
Farm resource of Talpur village

24. FARMER CASE STUDY
Farmer Name : Mr. Santosh kr. Pal
Net cultivated area : 6 Katha
Type of Farmer:- Marginal
Date of Visit: 16/12/2020
Cultivated Crops:→
Kharif Season Rabi Season Pre-Kharif
Season
Rice Potato Groundnut
STUDY ON FARMING SYSTEM
OF
TALPUR VILLAGE

25. Name of Crop:→
AMAN RICE

26. Sowing time Seed rate /katha Spacing
(cm×cm)
Seed Purification
Seedbed:- MID JUNE 250gm 20×15 Soak with Salt
solution (Duration:-
30 mins.)
Sowing practices:
Cropping practices:
Crops Variety
name
Area of Cultivation Duration
Kharif paddy JK Radha 6 katha 120 days

27. Nutrient management (Per Katha)
Time of application Dose/Katha
During transplanting 1kg Oilcake + 500gm Potash + 500gm Phosphate +
250gm.Urea. All these nutrients applied after mixing
together
At 18DAT
(Days after Transplanting)
Urea(500 gm), Phosphate, GROMOR(29:29:0) ,
Green Manuring
Green manure crop Sowing time Harvesting time
Dhaincha 2nd Week of June 1st Week of July

28. Intercultural operations
Operation type Operation method Operation time
Weeding 10 DAT
35 DAT
Hand Weeding
HERBICIDE APPLICATION
NAME TIME
1)SAATHI
(PYRAZOSULFURON ETHYL 10%WP)
Within a day after transplanting
Irrigation scheduling
Irrigation system Irrigation Method Irrigation timing Source of
irrigation
Surface Flooding DURING NURSERY
BED PREPARATION
IF REQUIRED
Rainfall, Canal

29. Pesticides Application
Knowledge gap:- Don’t apply any insecticide for GLH and Gundhi bug
Name of
Pesticide
Type of
Pesticide
No. of
time
used
Rate Pest to
Control
Technical
Gap
Setara
(Hexaconazole
5% EC)
Fungicid
e
2 times 6-10
ml.
Blast Don’t
follow
proper
precaution
method
Fighter-505
(Chlorpyrifos
46.5 % w/w +
Cypermethrin
50.% w/w)
Insectici
de
2 times 40 ml STEM
BORER
(locally
known as
Majra)

30. OPERATIONAL COST ( COMPONENT WISE )
SEASON CROP VARIETY YIELD YIELD LEVEL
/GAP
Kharif RICE JK Radha 1.82 quintal No
Season
Crops
Area
Seed
/
planting
material
Fertilizers
Pesticides
Land
Preparation
Human
labour
charge
Total
cost
(Rs.)
Kharif Paddy 6 Katha ₹180 ₹438 ₹420 ₹300 ₹1320 ₹ 2658

31. Crop Main Product By –product(Paddy Straw)
Q(q) MSP
(Rs/q)
Gross return
(Rs)
Q
(Kahon)
Use
Kharif
Paddy
1.82 1868 ₹3399 0.3
Kahon
Mainly use for Cattle
feeding
CALCULATION OF gross return &
BENEFIT/ COST RATIO
(gross return/cost of cultivation)
Crop Total Cost (Rs.) Gross return
(Rs.)
Profit
(Rs.)
B:C
Ratio
Econo
mic
viabilit
y
Kharif
Paddy
₹ 2658 ₹ 3399 ₹ 741 1.27 Viable

32. POTATO
(Underground Gold)
Solanum tuberosum

33. PICTURES OF POTATO CULTIVATION

34. Sowing time Planting
material
/katha
Spacing
(cm×cm)
Seed treatment Technical gap
6th November
to
15th December
5kg/katha
Or
8.5q/ha
10×45 Dithane M-45
(Mancozeb 75%WP),
Dipping method
Don’t
practice De-
Haulming
method
Sowing practices:
Cropping practices:
Crops Variety
name
Area of
Cultivation
Duration Seed tuber
replacement
Potato Kufri Jyoti 6 katha 90 Days 2 years
Problems:→ 1. Quality of seed tuber is not Satisfactory,
2. Price of Seed tuber increasing day after day
Suggestion:→ Good quality seed is must and farmers should get them from Co-operative

35. Fertilizer
Name
Dose /Katha Time of
Application
Method of
Application
DAP(18-46-0)
(Total-
7kg/katha)
5kg Basal Broadcasting
2kg 25 DAS(Days
after sowing)
Broadcasting
Phosphate 500gm Basal Broadcasting
Urea(Total-
1kg/katha),depe
nd on growth
500gm Basal Broadcasting
500gm 25DAS Broadcasting
Organic-manure 2kg Sowing Broadcasting
Zinc(Zn) 100gm. Sowing Broadcasting
Boron(B) 150gm Sowing Broadcasting
No technical Gap is found. They don’t face Tuber cracking.

36. WATER MANAGEMENT
Interculture Operation
Irrigation
System
Number of
Irrigation
Irrigation
Method
Time Of Irrigation
Surface 8 Furrow 1st irrigation:- 18 DAS
After that 7 days interval,
upto 3 months
Operation Type Operation Time Operation Method
1. Weeding 15-20 DAS Hand weeding
2. Earthing up 25-28 DAS Indigenous plough
Earthing up at proper stages reduces chances of Potato Tuber-moth oviposition
and reduce greening of potato tuber

37. Pesticide Application
Name&
Type of Pesticide
Pest for
Control
No. of
application
Amount of
chemical/Spray
Method of
application
Dithane M-45
(Mancozeb75%WP)
(Fungicide)
Blight 4 50 gm Spraying
by
Knapsack
Sprayer
75 gm
100 gm
100 gm
Dusban
(Chloropyriphos)
Cutworm 4-5 37.5 ml -DO-

38. • OPERATIONAL COST ( COMPONENT WISE )
SEASON CROP VARIETY YIELD YIELD LEVEL
/GAP
Rabi Potato Kufri Jyoti 1 tonne 0.3t
Season
Crops
Area
Seed
/
planting
material
Fertilizers
Pesticides
Land
Preparation
Irrigation
costs
Human
labour
charge
Total
cost
(Rs.)
Rabi Potato 6 Katha ₹420 ₹235 ₹90 ₹60 ₹ 45 ₹300 ₹ 6900

39. Crop Q(Packet) P(Rs/Pac
ket)
Q*P
(Rs)
Transport +
Storage Cost
Gross
return(from 6
katha land)
POTAT
O
10 packets
(500kg/0.5t)
₹1000 ₹10,000 Rs.(145*20)=
Rs. 2900
₹ 24,000
10packets
(500kg/0.5t)
₹1200 ₹14,000
CALCULATION OF gross return-COST RATIO
(gross return/cost of cultivation)
Crop Total Cost
(Rs.)
Gross return
(Rs.)
B:C Ratio Economic
viability
POTATO ₹ 6900+2900
=₹ 9800
₹ 24,000
2.44 Viable

40. Sowing
time
Seed rate
/katha
Spacing
(cm×cm)
Sowing
method
Seed preparation
MID of
March
1 kg 30×10 Line-Sowing Water soaking(overnight)
Next morning:
Gammaxene dressing(to
prevent ant attack)
Sowing practices
Cropping practices OF GROUNDNUT
AREA OF CULTIVATION DURATION Name of variety
PRE-KHARIF 6 katha 90 Days KOTKI
(locally known
as)

41. Name of
Chemical
nutrient
Time of
application
Method of application Rate/Katha
Potash Before sowing of
seed
Broadcasting ½ Kg.
Water Management
Irrigation System No. of Irrigation Time of Irrigation
Surface 2 1st at 20-25 DAS
2nd at 45 DAS

42. Interculture Operation
Operation Type Operation Type Operation Method
Earthing up 30DAS (after 1st
irrigation)
By indigenous plough
Weeding before irrigation Hand weeding

43. • OPERATIONAL COST ( COMPONENT WISE )
SEASON CROP Area of Cultivation YIELD
Pre Kharif Groundnut 6katha 0.5 quintal
Season
Crops
Area
Seed
/
planting
material
Fertilizers
Irrigation
costs
Human
labour
charge
Total
cost
(Rs.)
Pre Kharif Groundnut 6 Katha ₹450 ₹36 ₹ 180 ₹750 ₹ 1416

44. Crop Yield(Kg or quintal) MSP Value
(Rs./quintal)
Available Sellling
Price
(Rs/quintal)
Gross return(Rs.)
(from 6 katha land)
Ground
nut
50 kg./0.5quintal ₹ 5090 ₹4100
₹ 2050
CALCULATION OF gross return-COST RATIO
(gross return/cost of cultivation)
Crop Total Cost
(Rs.)
Gross return
(Rs.)
Profit
(Rs.)
B:C Ratio Economic
viability
Groundnut ₹ 1416 ₹ 2050 ₹ 634 1.44 Viable

45. PROBLEM ANALYSIS OF FARMING SYSTEM
❖ KNOWLEDGE GAP (PEST IDENTIFICATION, DOSE, TIME AND PRECAUTION
OF USING AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, DE-HAULMING)
❖ SCARCITY OF LABOUR,
❖ QUALITY OF SEED
❖ HIGH COST OF SEED, AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, FARM INSTRUMENTS
AND FUEL
❖ MIDDLEMAN PROBLEM
❖ HIGH FLUCTUATION OF MARKET PRICE(POTATO)
❖ NON AVAILABILITY OF M.S.P(GROUNDNUT & SESAME)
❖ FRAGMENTATION OF LAND MAKE DIFFICULT OF USING HEAVY
MACHINERIES
❖ PESTICIDE RESISTANCE
❖ LOOPHOLE IN CROP INSURANCE (AREA RESTRICTION )
❖ YOUTH IS NOT INTERESTED IN FARMING
❖ NOT INTERESTED TO APPLY BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

46. FARM IMPROVEMENT PLAN
✓ KNOWLEDGE GAP:- CONDUCT CHAMPAIGN (LIKE F.F.S) AND
TRAINING BY GOVERNMETAL ORAGANIATION AND NGOs
✓ SCARCITY OF LABOURERS:- FARMERS HOLDING LANDS AT SAME
LOCATION CAN APPLY MODERN MACHENERIES.
✓ COST OF AGRICULTUTAL INPUTS, INSTRUMENT, MARKET PRICE &
MIDDLEMAN PROBLEM:- GOVERNMENT SHOULD TAKE A LOOK ON
IT AND MAKE POLICY/SCHEME,
✓ QUALITY OF SEED:- FARMER BUY IT FROM TRUST & REPUTED
SHOP & PERIODICAL GOVERNMENTAL SURVILLENCE
✓ PESTICIDE RESISTANCE:- ROTATION OF PESTICIDES IN EVERY
SEASON
✓ CROP INSURANCE:- GOVERNMENT SHOULD TAKE A LOOK ON &
AMEND IT.
✓ DIVERSIFICATION OF CROP or FARMING SYSTEM.
✓ SHARE-CROPPER SHOULD ALSO GET M.S.P PROPERLY(RICE)

47. Special Feature
Handicrafts Commodities
POTTERY

48. Requirement
Soil→
Burner→

49. Wood→
SPACE→

50. Output Product

51. Input(Year round requirement)
Soil
• Collection period:- once in a year
• Cost of collection:- 40 laboures × ₹ 250 = ₹
10,000/-
• Carrying Cost:- ₹ 6000

52. Cost Analysis(Monthly)
Input Amount Cost
Husk 30kg. ₹ 120
Fuel Wood 1.2 tonne ₹ 5,400
Wood-
dust
6 packet ₹ 1,200
Transport charge for Fuel ₹ 600
Sand 10 container ₹ 150
Soil ₹ 1,111
Total Input Cost ₹ 8581

53. Output & Profit
Production/month 300 pieces
Selling Price
(Rs./piece)
₹ 72
Gross Return ₹ 21,600
Profit/month(Rs.) ₹ 13,019
Benefit/Cost ratio 2.51>1 (viable)
Working period/year 9 months
Profit/Year(Rs.) ₹ 1,11,171

54. I am very much thankful to the villagers of Talpur, all of my classmates for
their co-operation to complete the RAWE programme.
• Special Thanks to :-
❖ Our respected Associate dean Dr P.K.Patra sir
❖ Our co-ordinator Mr. Tarashankar Murmu sir
❖ All the teaching associate staffs of my college
❖ PROF. DHANANJOY DUTTA (RAWE CO-ORDINATOR)
❖ Mr. Abdul Nazrul Mallick (Krishi Ratna award winner farmer)
❖ Mr. Sanjay kr. Ghanti (Chairman of Bangabhumi Farmers Producer
Company Ltd.)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

55. THANK YOU