Mohd. Ajmal Amir Kasab
Ajmal Kasab, the only attacker who was captured alive, disclosed that the attackers were members of Lashkar-e-Taiba, the Pakistan-based militant organization, considered a terrorist organization by India, the United States, and the United Kingdom, among others. The Indian Government said that the attackers came from Pakistan, and their controllers were in Pakistan.
The Mumbai 26/11 Attack
The 2008 Mumbai attacks were more than ten coordinated shooting and bombing attacks across Mumbai, India’s largest city, by terrorists from across the border. The attacks, which drew widespread condemnation across the world, began on 26
November 2008 and lasted until 29 November, killing at least 173 people and wounding at least 308.
Aftermath
On 7 January 2009, after more than a month of
denying the nationality of the attackers,
Pakistan's Information Minister Sherry Rehman
officially accepted Ajmal Amir's nationality as
Pakistani. On 12 February 2009, Pakistan's
Interior Minister Rehman Malik, in a televised
news briefing confirmed that parts of the attack
had been planned in Pakistan and said that six
people, including the alleged mastermind, were
being held in connection with the attacks
CONCLUSION
Let us stand up to pay homage to those who sacrificed
their lives for the living of all Indians.
Let their sacrifice not go waste. Let us take an oath that we,
under no circumstances, shall allow the terrorist activities
to continue.
2. ● Mumbai, the commercial capital of India, came under
heinous terrorist attack on 26th November, 2008.
● The attack took place at many locations, especially at
CST railway station;
● the Leopold Café,; Taj Hotel; Oberoi Trident Hotel;
Nariman House.
● Ten terrorists started in a small boat from Karachi on
Nov 22. After traveling about 40 minutes, they were
shifted to a larger boat, Al-Husseini,
● There after, the terrorists shifted to vessel MV KUBER.
After reaching
● Mumbai, they killed the captain of MV KUBER, Amar
Singh Solanki.
THE JOURNEY OF TEAM TERRORIST
3. ● 10- man team chartered the MV
Alpha cargo ship out of Karachi
(506m from Mumbai).
● To avoid detection by Indian coast
guard, hijacked a fishing trawler
PATHLINE
4. ● Inflatable rafts carried
teams to Indian gateway.
● Here, four teams split off.
PATHLINE
5. CST Railway Station &
Cama Hospital: TEAM 1
Nariman House: TEAM
2
Oberoi Hotel: TEAM 3
Café Leopold & Taj Mahal
Hotel: TEAM 4
8. CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI TERMINUS
(CST)
CST : TEAM 1(2 MEN)
● Left behind grenades in taxi.
● Took out their weapons and opened fire on commuters killing
indiscriminately for 90 minutes.
● Killed 58 people and injuring 104.
● A railway announcer saved several lives by alerting the
commuters and asking them to leave the station from the back
gate.
● Took a taxi to the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST).
10. CAMA HOSPITAL: TEAM 1
● After Kasab and Khan’s failed attempt to climb up the CST
office due to resistance from the railway police.
● Then headed to the Cama & Albless Hospital, where they
renewed the killing.
● Entered the hospital from the rear entrance.
● Engaged by a group of policemen for 45 minutes.
● Threw hand grenades on the policemen, thus killing two and
injuring several others.
11. CAMA HOSPITAL: TEAM 1
● Escaped with a police car.
● Then headed towards the Oberoi/Trident Hotel, firing
along the way.
● Hijacked another vehicle but were intercepted by police.
● In the ensuing gun battle, One terrorist was killed.
● The second was wounded and captured.
● This team alone was responsible for a third of the
fatalities.
13. NARIMAN HOUSE: TEAM 2 (2 MEN)
● The second team walked to Nariman House, a commercial
residential.
● complex run by the Jewish Chabad Lubavich movement.
● Threw grenades at a gas station across the street from the
complex.
● Opened fire on the building, and then entered the lobby
shooting.
● Took 13 hostages, five of whom they murdered.
● This team accounted for eight of the total fatalities.
15. HOTEL OBEROI: TEAM 3 (2 MEN)
■ The third team headed from the landing site to the
Oberoi/Trident Hotel.
■ Killing people indiscriminately.
■ In a call to the media, they claimed to be seven.
■ They demanded that India release all Mujahedeen (Muslim
fighters)
■ prisoners in return for the release of the hostages.
■ The siege continued for approximately 17 hours before the
terrorists were
■ killed.
■ By the time they died, they had killed 30 people.
17. Leopold Café & Bar
● The leopold café, a favorite
place for indian and
foreigners, was attacked by
two terrorists, firing
indiscriminately using AK-47
and grenade was lobbed. Ten
persons killed and many
injured. After about five
minutes, they ran towards
Hotel Taj, about half kms.
Away.
18. HOTEL TAJ MAHAL: TEAM 4 (4 MEN)
■ The fourth and largest team moved toward the Taj Mahal Palace
Hotel.
■ They briefly entered the Café Leopold, spraying its occupants
with fire weapons, killing ten.
■ Then they moved to the rear entrance of the Taj Mahal Hotel.
■ They walked through the ground floor, killing along the way.
■ Then moved to the upper floors, setting fires and moving
constantly in order to confuse and delay government
commandos.
■ The siege at the Taj ended 60 hours later, when Indian
commandos killed the last of the four terrorists.
20. The Negative Role of Media
How media helps the terrorists in achieving their
purpose:
• Exaggerating the problem of terrorism
• Misinforming public and Spreading false alarms
• Provoking overreactions
• Legitimizing the terrorists’ acts
• Romanticizing the terrorists and making them
appear as HEROES
21. EXAGGERATING THE PROBLEM
OF TERRORISM
“People will believe a
big lie sooner than a
little one; and if you
repeat it frequently
enough people will
sooner or later believe
it”
~ (Adolf Hitler)
22. EXAGGERATING THE PROBLEM
OF TERRORISM
Too much coverage:
• For days, the Indian news media gave 24 hours
coverage to the MUMBAI ATTACK 26/11/2008.
• The video clip of the attack was repetitively shown
for hours.
• The Indian media portrayed Mumbai attack as similar to
9/11 through over-coverage of the event
• Coverage initiating before the first confirmed news and till
the last prophecy
23. EXAGGERATING THE PROBLEM
OF TERRORISM
● Media gives more coverage not to the frequent acts but to
the unusual and alarming acts, making the situation
appear worse than it actually is.
• People outside Karachi or Pakistan believe that it is
constantly convulsed by terrorist attacks but we live a
normal life and visitors often get surprised by not finding
a trace of such acts.
24. MISINFORMING PUBLIC AND
SPREADING FALSE ALARM
“The news isn't there
to tell you what
happened. It's there to
tell you what it wants
you to hear or what it
thinks you want to
hear”
(Joss Whedon,
Astonishing X-Men)
25. MISINFORMING PUBLIC AND
SPREADING FALSE ALARM
● Gives only half of the truth by focusing on the sensational
● part of news, not the informative one.
● The focus is on the blood, the gore, the horror of the
victims.
● Little contextual information.
● Chunks of events with missing in between stories.
26. PROVOKING OVER-REACTION
● Anti-state sentiments.
● Misperception about government efforts in combating
terrorism by focusing only on few dramatic events rather
the overall anti-terrorism and counter-terrorism policy.
● Ending moderation and patience from the society.
● Anti-Islam sentiments in the West.
● Growing divide between left and right wingers in
Pakistan 16.
● Contribute to public support for drastic measures to
counter terrorism.
27. LEGITIMIZING THE TERRORISTS
ATTACKS
● Letting terrorists explain their reasons for committing
these crimes
• Discussing the factors “compelling” people to become
terrorists
• Provoking the would-be terrorists by making terrorism
appear as a self-perpetuating phenomenon
28. ROMANTICIZING THE
TERRORISTS AND MAKING
THEM APPEAR AS HEROES
Contagion effect – terrorist attacks of one kind occurring
in clusters
• Reason?
• Broadcasting their names and pictures across the
screen
and giving them credit for these heinous acts serves only
to inflate warped egos.
29. SOLUTION
● Defining a formula for coverage hours
● Promoting investigative journalism
● Banning appearance of terrorists on
Media .
● Devising a punishment mechanism for
misinforms and exaggerators
Media Policy
30. The martyrs who laid down their lives while fighting terrorists who
attacked Mumbai on November 26, 2008. "Their sacrifice will never be
erased from the memory of time and history.
Summary
31. This Presentation is Prepared by
“MEDIA PLAYED A POWERFUL ROLE IN ESTABLISHING AND PERPETUATING SOCIAL
NORMS”
“TANISHA CHAURASIA”
ROLL NO. 2014791
TO: UMANG MA’AM
