Non-Ruminant Animal Production – Swine

1. P.A.S.S. Pushpakumara | Advanced Technological Institute- Gampaha
AG 2103 - Non-Ruminant Animal Production – Swine
Practical No. 02
Design a piggery – for a given number of pigs in different categories and preparation of
a BOQ
Design a piggery
1. Site selection
i. Durability: long-term/ short-term
ii. Pig house position
Shed Orientations:
increasing temperature has a significant impact on odor generation. Buildings orientated with
their long axis east-west will minimize the heat load;
Shed Positioning: space naturally vented sheds from other buildings or trees by at least
five times the height of the nearest building or large object, to maximize wind ventilation
iii. Factors of infrastructure facilities: water, electricity etc.
iv. Hygiene and safety
Shed Ventilation: adequate ventilation is required to remove piggery gases, dust and odor, to
control air temperature and relative humidity, to remove excess heat and moisture, to dilute
and remove airborne disease organisms and maintain oxygen supply to the pigs.
v. Excreta disposal
2. Housing
i. Functional area design
ii. Production building design: piggery building
1. Foundation
2. Walls
3. Roof
4. Main entrance
5. Floor
Type of flooring material affect s pen fouling patterns and the ability to
clean them properly;
iii. Other buildings: feed stores, health and disinfection unit, medicine and treatment
unit, labor facilities
iv. Breeding unit- optional
Advanced Technological Institute - Gampaha
Department of Agriculture
Year II Semester I

2. P.A.S.S. Pushpakumara | Advanced Technological Institute- Gampaha
3. Effluent Treatment and Utilization
Effluent Characteristics:
Estimated volume
Effluent composition
Effluent ponds: bio-gas unit etc.
Solid waste storage:
4. Buffer distance
Public road- Public road - except as below 200m
Public road - unsealed with less than 50 vehicles per day 50 m
excluding piggery traffic
50m
Major watercourse 200m
Major water reservoir 800m
Dairy 100m
Slaughter house 100m
Neighboring rural residence >200m
Property boundary 20m
5. Operating/ Management requirements
i. Feeders and waterers
ii. Manure cleaning equipments and tools
iii. Furrowing facilities
A typical pig shed design can contain the following features for farrowing accommodation:
• Protective side rails to reduce overlays;
• Freedom from draught s;
• A creep area to allow piglets to escape the sow and eat creep feed without the
sow eating it or protective rails to prevent piglets being crushed against the sides
of pen walls;
• Supplementary heat in creep area.
Weaner Section:
Newly weaned pigs require suitable environmental conditions to counter the abrupt changes
that occur at weaning. A change in diet from milk to solid feed, mixing with other pigs and a
change of environment can stress weaners, making them more susceptible to disease. Weaner
pigs must be weaned into a warm, dry, draught free environment.
Grower/Finisher Section:
Grower/finisher housing can be described using t wo basic design types.
• Pens in sheds - This is by far the most common system of housing growers. Sheds offer
protection from the elements for both the pig and the producer. Close control and
supervision of stock is possible with this system to get her with the ability to regulate
the environment;

3. P.A.S.S. Pushpakumara | Advanced Technological Institute- Gampaha
• Eco-hut design - These sheds are a low-cost housing alternative where pigs are housed
in a litter bedded shelter which is constructed upon compacted soil or concrete pad with
solid walls.
Breeding Section:
Dry sows are generally housed in a combination of individual stalls and group pens. Stalls are
often used for the first five weeks of gestation to allow for individual feeding and attention,
sows may be moved to group pens to complete their gestation period.
Group housing of sows in “barn” type sheds without pens is less common due to difficulties
encountered with feeding and management.
Bill of Quantity (BOQ) sample
Date Description Qty Unit Rate Total