Carbon is one of the most abundant elements in universe and is capable of forming many allotropes due to its valency

1. CARBON AND ITS ALLOTROPES
PREPARED BY
SOMIYA M U
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
KEYI SAHIB TRAINING COLLEGE

2. Carbon
It is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6.
It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form
covalent chemical bonds.
It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table.
Carbon is seen both in the elemental state and combined state in nature.
Wood charcoal, charcoal made from coconut shell, lamp black, sugar
charcoal etc… are all carbon.

3. Allotropes of Carbon
 Allotropes are different forms of the same
element.
 Carbon exists in different physical forms.
 Diamond, graphite, fullerene, and graphene are
the crystalline allotropes of carbon.

4. Diamond
 The hardest allotrope of carbon
 Transparent
 Not a conductor of electricity
 High thermal conductivity
 High refractive index

5. Graphite
 Most stable crystalline allotrope of carbon
 Lustrous
 Grey in color
 Conductor of electricity
 Non volatile

6. Fullerenes
 It is another allotrope of carbon.
 Fullerenes have a hollow structure consisting of
pentagons and hexagons known as Bucky balls.
 Fullerenes with cylindrical structure are called
Carbon nanotubes or Bucky tubes.

7. Graphene
 Graphenes are two dimensional sheets of hexagonal rings
formed by carbon.
 It resemble a single layer of graphite.
 Graphenes are the basic units of allotropes of carbon like
Graphite and Fullerene.
 Two hundred times stronger than steel.
 Conductor of heat and electricity.

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