Children first represent knowledge through actions and senses, then through images and diagrams, and finally symbolically through language and numbers. A spiral curriculum revisits core concepts at higher levels of complexity, allowing students to build on previous knowledge. Discovery learning is an effective teaching strategy that engages students in the active construction of new understandings through hands-on experiences.

2.  Describe the development of the child’s ability to
represent knowledge.
 Explain how the spiral curriculum works.
 Demonstrate appreciation of discovery learning as a
teaching strategy.

3. Spiral
Curriculum
Representation of
Knowledge
Enactive
Iconic
Bruner’s
Constructivist Theory
(main concepts)
Theory of
Instruction
Predisposition to
Learn
Structure of
Knowledge
Effective
Sequencing
Symbolic
Reinforcement
Discovery
Learning
Categories