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1. M A G E X
W E E K L Y
25
21st
July 2017

2. The world, where we are
living, is a transient one;
what is today may not be
there tomorrow; the vast
riches that make the
owners head swollen, may
not be there for them
tomorrow.

3. My heart is at ease knowing that what
was meant for me will never miss me and
that what misses me was never meant for
me.

4. Contents
US$ Exchange rates worldwide 08
Diamond or Glass – Challenge 14
14th
President of India 12
Be patient, for what was written for you was written
by the greatest of writers
Editor’s Note
Economy
US $ Exchange Currency rates
Quiz Time
Meet the 14th
President of India
MAGEX Feedback
Diamond or Glass – Challenge
Turkey
Black Sea
Turkey Tulips
Epicure’s Column
Chocolate
Bollywood Times!
Kollywood Times!
Hollywood Times!
06
07
08
09
12
13
14
16
30
42
45
52
56
57
58

5. Turkey Tulips 42
Chocolates 52
Entertainment 54
The real joy of life is to have wisdom.
Turkey 16
Black Sea 30
Epicure’s Column 45

6. Dear Reader,
Wish you a very warm welcome.
The MAGEX Weekly successfully launches its 25th
Issue. Thank you all for your extensive support
and encouragement towards the development of
The MAGEX Weekly. We wish to serve you our
best because it you who are most valuable to us.
On this 25th
issue, I would like to tell you the first
and foremost step to become successful in life. In
order to become successful, the two things you
require are sacrifice and patience.
You need to be patient for great empires are not
built overnight. It requires a lot of sacrifice and
patience. If you are impatient then you obviously
don’t deserve success.
Sacrifice means letting go of things causing
hindrance to your success. Like you may have to
sacrifice your entertainment time, utilize them
for studies and score good marks. When you
sacrifice your enjoyment during school days and
early days of your work, you obviously enjoy
your days being a manager or a chief executive.
There’s a quote, which I had already told you,
“If you don’t sacrifice for what you want! What
you want becomes the sacrifice.”
I wish you all the very best for your future
dreams and goals.
Shoaib Makki T.J.
stmakki3@gmail.com
Editor – In – Chief
To submit an article or give content for any
field:
Email: themagexweekly@gmail.com
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Design and Editing:
Shoaib Makki T.J.
Marketing and Distribution:
MAHSAB Marketing Co.
www.mahsabmarketing.com
Email: info@mahsabmarketing.com
Co Editors:
Tourism: Thameem Jaheed
Health Corner: Zahraa F.
Entertainment: Manoj Asokan,
Veeramanikandan S.
Picture Courtesy: Akash Raja
Cover Photo: Akash Raja
Cover Pic: Sultan Ahmed Masjid
(Tourism)

7. ECONOMY
&
Current
affairs

8. US $ Currency Exchange Rates on 21st
July 2017
0.858070
0.769268
64.344053
1.263278
1.257582
1.364831
0.950420
4.285548
111.697259
6.769246
105.353878
153.707263
3.750438
0.385042
3.673014
0.377239
0.302662
3.647599
1118.240482
3.534623
Source: http://www.x-rates.com
Euro
British Pound
Indian Rupees
Australian Dollar
Canadian Dollar
Singapore Dollar
Swiss Franc
Malaysian Ringgit
Japanese Yen
Chinese Yuan Renminbi
Pakistan Rupee
Sri Lankan Rupee
Saudi Arabian Riyal
Omani Rial
Emirati (UAE) Dirham
Bahraini Dinar
Kuwaiti Dinar
Qatari Riyal
South Korean Won
Turkish Lira

9. Quiz Time!
1). In India GST came effective from July 1st, 2017. India
has chosen _________ model of dual – GST.
a) USA
b) UK
c) Canadian
d) China
e) Japan
Answer: (C)
2). How many countries have dual – GST model?
a) 5
b) 8
c) 10
d) 14
e) None of these
Answer: (E). Till now Canada only has dual GST model
but now India also started to use dual-GST model.
3). Which of the following country is the first one to
implement GST?
a) USA
b) France
c) China
d) Switzerland
e) Germany
Answer: (B). France implemented GST in 1954.
4). Around how many countries adopted GST?
a) 90
b) 120
c) 140
d) 160
e) 200
Answer: (D).
5). Which of the following country has the maximum
GST tax slab?
a) Greece
b) China
c) USA
d) Australia
e) India
Answer: (E). India has the maximum tax slab (28%)
compared to other countries.
6). Which of the following country has the second
highest tax slab?
a) Australia
b) Netherland
c) Argentina
d) Ireland
e) South Korea
Answer: (C). Argentina has the second highest tax slab
27%
7). Indian GST model has _________rate structure.
a) 3
b) 4
c) 5
d) 6
e) 2
Answer: (B). In India GST model has 4 rate structure.
They are 5%, 12%, 18% and 28%
8). How many types of taxes will be in Indian GST?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
e) 6
Answer: (B). Central GST (CGST), State GST (SGST) and
IGST are three types of taxes.
9). What does “I” stands for in IGST?
a) International
b) Internal
c) Integrated
d) Intra
e) Innovation
Answer: (C).

10. 10). The tax IGST charged by _________Government.
a) Central
b) State
c) Concerned department
d) Both a and b
e) All a, b and c
Answer: (A).
11). The maximum rate prescribed under IGST is
_________.
a) 5%
b) 12%
c) 18%
d) 28%
e) No such limit
Answer: (D).
12). In India GST was first proposed in _________.
a) 1993
b) 1996
c) 1999
d) 2000
e) 2002
Answer: (D).
13). GST is a _________ based tax on consumption of
goods and services.
a) Duration
b) Destination
c) Dividend
d) Development
e) Destiny
Answer: (B). main objective of GST is eliminate excessive
taxation
14). GST comes under which amendment bill?
a) 118
b) 120
c) 122
d) 115
e) 129
Answer: (C).
15). Under which Act GST was introduced?
a) 100
b) 101
c) 102
d) 103
e) 104
Answer: (B)
16). GST council formation based on Article number
_________.
a) 279A
b) 289A
c) 266A
d) 255A
e) 286A
Answer: (A)
17). The headquarters of GST council is _________.
a) Mumbai
b) New Delhi
c) Ahmadabad
d) Hyderabad
e) Lucknow
Answer: (B).
18). Who is the chairman of GST council?
a) President of India
b) Prime Minister
c) Finance Minister
d) RBI Governor
e) Finance secretary
Answer: (C). Arun Jaitley is the current chairman of GST
council
19). _________ is GST Finance Ministers Panel
Chairman.
a) Amit Mishra
b) Amit Malhodra
c) Amit Chandresekar
d) Amit Sastri
e) Amit kohli
Answer: (A). Amit Mishra (West Bengal Finance
Minister) is the Finance Ministers Panel Chairman.

11. 20). _________ is the first state to ratify GST bill.
a) Andhra Pradesh
b) Assam
c) Arunachal Pradesh
d) Bihar
e) Telangana
Answer: (B)
21). _________ is the first state that passed GST Bill.
a) Andhra Pradesh
b) Gujarat
c) Uttar Pradesh
d) Bihar
e) Telangana
Answer: (E).
22). GST threshold limit of North Eastern States is
_________ lakh
a) 5
b) 10
c) 12
d) 15
e) 20
Answer: (B).
23). GST threshold limit of Normal States is _________
lakh
a) 12
b) 15
c) 20
d) 25
e) 30
Answer: (C).
24). The Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC)
announced that every year _________ will be
considered as GST Day.
a) April 1
b) March 1
c) June 1
d) July 1
e) January 1
Answer: (D)
25). Smart Phones will be taxed at _________ under
GST.
a) 0%
b) 5%
c) 12%
d) 18%
e) 28%
Answer: (C).
26). Under GST, Insurance is taxed _________ percent.
a) 0%
b) 5%
c) 12%
d) 18%
e) 28%
Answer: (D).
27). Which of the following comes under sin tax?
a) Pan Masala
b) Tobacco
c) Alcohol
d) Both a and c
e) All a, b and c
Answer: (E).
28). A special purpose vehicle _________ has been
launched to cater the needs of GST.
a) GSTC
b) GSTN
c) GSTM
d) GSTR
e) GSTS
Answer: (B). GSTN - Goods and Service Tax Network.
29). GSTN comes under which Act?
a) Banking Regulation Act 1949
b) RBI Act 1934
c) Indian Partnership Act, 1932
d) Limitation Act, 1963
e) Companies Act, 2013
Answer: (E).

12. Meet the 14th
President of India
Ram Nath Kovind was on Thursday declared
elected as India’s 14th
President polling 65.6% of
the vote defeating the oppositions’s joint
candidate, former Lok Sabha Speaker Meira
Kumar, who secured 34% of the vote.
Mr.s Kovind is the 2nd
Dalit President of India,
after late President K.R. Narayanan, first from
politically significant Uttar Pradesh and the first
person from the BJP to hold the office of
President since Independence.
The total number of MPs and MLAs who cast
their votes was 4851, bearing a combined value
of 1090300. However, with 77 votes being
declared invalid – 21 from Parliament alone –
the total number of valid votes was 4774,
Bearing a combined value of 1069358. Mr.
Kovind polled 2930 of these votes – bearing a
value of 702044 – and Ms. Kumar 1844 votes –
with a value of 367314.
The value of each vote of an MP was 708. Among
the states, each vote in Uttar Pradesh had the
highest value of 208, while each vote from
Sikkim had the lowest value of seven. Mr. Kovind
got the highest number of votes – 335 – from
U.P. and the lowest – just 1 – from Kerala.
Ms. Kumar secured the highest number of votes –
273 – from West Bengal and drew a blank in
Andhra Pradesh.

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14. Diamond or Glass – Challenge
Once upon a time there was a King who was
known to rule a very talented and brilliant
Kingdom. One day during winter, the King’s
court was being held in an open courtyard and
all the courtier’s were sitting in front of Kings
Throne. Priests and all ministers including the
King’s family members well all present.
A merchant came and asked for the King’s
permission to enter. He told, “I have two things
– a diamond and a glass. I have visited many
different kingdoms and asked them to find out
which one is diamond and which one is glass.
Till now no one is able to find out and finally I
am the winner. Now I have come to your
kingdom. Let me see if you and your people
would differentiate.”
He kept both on a royal stool in front of the
King. The King, on seeing them told that both
were same and he couldn’t figure out the
difference since they both were extremely
identical in shape, size and appearance.
The merchant said, “If anyone successfully finds
out the difference, I will lose give this diamond
to the kingdom. If no one is able to differentiate
then the King has to pay me a price equivalent
to the price of the diamond.”
King told he could not find out the difference
and similarly his ministers, court men and
priests none could figure out the difference.
They weren’t worried about losing because the
King had a lot of money.
But it was a matter of prestige for the King.
Finally a blind man came in front with a stick
in his hand after knowing the entire story. He
requested the guards to take him to the King.
They brought him to the King. He told the King,
“Though I am blind from birth, please give me a
chance. Let me check my capability. I may be
successful and even if I fail there is no harm
because you have already lost.”
King though that there is no harm in giving a
chance to him and agreed to give him a chance.
The blind man touched both things on the royal
stool and picked up one piece and declared that
this is diamond and the other piece is glass. The
merchant accepted that blind man’s judgment
is correct and as per his promise he gave the
diamond to the King.
The King asked the blind man, “How were you
able to distinguish between two things to find
out the real diamond?” The blind man said, “It
is simple your majesty, we all are sitting in the
sun. I touched both the things one by one. The
cold one is diamond and the piece which has
become hot is glass.”

15. Moral: The person who is very cool in odd situations is real diamond and
becomes successful in life. While a person who loses his coolness and
becomes frustrated at small things breaks like glass.

16. Ortakoy Masjid

17. TurkeyOfficially known as Republic of Turkey is a transcontinental country in Eurasia; mainly Anatolia in
Western Asia, with a smaller portion the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe, covering an area
of about 783,356 sq. km. Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, parliamentary republic with
diverse cultural heritage. Turkey is the only Muslim country which is secular. Turkey is currently
headed by the president Tayyip Erdogan. Turkish people are known to be very patriotic. You will
never hear them complain or say bad things about their country.
Turkey has one of the world’s oldest and biggest malls. The seeds of agriculture were first sown in
Turkey. Turkey is agriculturally self – sufficient, meaning it doesn’t need to rely on other countries
for food imports. Turkey is responsible for 80% of the world’s hazelnut exports. Istanbul is famous
for being the only city that is part of two continents, Asia and Europe. Turkey is one of the first
countries that allowed women to vote. You can fly to just about everywhere from Istanbul Ataturk
Airport. Some of the earliest and most advanced civilizations dating back to 7,000 – 6,000 B.C. are
found in Turkey. Coffee was introduced to Europeans through Turkey, through the former
Ottoman Empire. Tulips were originally introduced by the Turkish people in the Ottoman Empire,
given as a gift to the people in Holland. St. Nicholas (known as Santa Claus) came from the city of
Patara, Turkey, (now called Arsinoe). Even though the country is mostly secular, Islam remains as
the major religion in Turkey. It believed that Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) is God’s last emissary
which means he was the last prophet to bring revelation to the world after Ibrahim A.S.
(Abraham), Moosa A.S. (Moses) and Isa A.S. (Jesus Christ). Turkish people strictly follow a specific
handshake, greeting and respecting elders, giving gifts and possess excellent social etiquette. There
are more than ten UNESCO World Heritage Sites found in Turkey, scroll down to see more.

18. Topkapi Palace
Left: Entrance view
Right: Inner view

20. The palatial complex built by the Ottoman Turkish sultan
Mehmed II (ruled 1444–1446 and 1451–1481),
completed in 1465, Topkapi occupied the site of the
ancient acropolis of Byzantium at the northeastern tip of
the Istanbul peninsula. Designed as the administrative
center of a highly centralized imperial polity and as a
royal residence, the Topkapi was inhabited by the
Ottoman dynasty until the 1850s. The Topkapi Palace was
the primary residence of the Ottoman sultans for
approximately 400 years of their 624-year reign.
Topkapi is the largest and oldest palace in the world to
survive to modern times. The palace was the heart, brain
and centre of the Ottoman Empire. As well as the
residence of the sultan, it was the centre of administrative
affairs and the highest educational institution of the
empire. The number of residents of the palace was
generally around 5,000 but this could double during
festivals. The palace is located directly behind Hagia
Sophia, and was built on the same spot where the
ancient Greek city of Byzantium stood. The Imperial Mint,
located in the Topkapi Palace, produced Ottoman coins
and later, coins of the Turkish Republic, right up until
1967. As many as 300 concubines lived in the Harem of
the palace. In the early days white eunuchs were
guardians of the harem, but black eunuchs sent as gifts by
the Ottoman governor of Egypt later took control. As
many as 200 eunuchs lived in the harem. The 1000-
strong palace kitchen staff prepared 6,000 meals a day.
When the sultans moved to the Dolmabahce Palace in
1853 Topkapi lost its importance as the official royal
residence. Indian style golden peacock throne, It was
gifted to Ottoman Emperors by Nadir Shah (ruled as ruled
as Shah of Persia: 1736 – 47) who looted the Mogul
rulers treasury and other treasures in Delhi during the
period February and May 1739. Indeed, it was a great
blow for the Mogul dynasty. The custom made throne
actually belonged to Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan who
built the Taj Mahal.
Peacock throne of Mughals gifted to Ottoman rulers.

21. The Sultan Ahmet Mosque is named after Sultan Ahmet I
when he was only 19 years old who wished to build an
Islamic place of worship that would compete with the
Hagia Sophia. The two places of worship now stand side
by side for visitors to judge which is the more
extraordinary of the architectural marvels. In fact, he
was so eager to finish building it that he often assisted to
speed up the process. Unfortunately, he died one year
after it was completed at the age of twenty seven. A
madrasa, hospital, han, primary school, market, imaret
and tomb of Sultan Ahmet I and his wife and three sons
were all part of the original mosque’s complex but many
of them were later torn down in the nineteenth century.
Mosques traditionally have one, two or four minarets.
That’s what makes the Blue Mosque unique as it boasts
six minarets. It’s rumored that this was a
misunderstanding as the Sultan had instructed his
architect to make gold (altin) minarets which his
architect understood as six (altin) minarets.
The Harem Mosque in Mecca which is the holiest in the
world also has six minarets which caused controversy to
the extent that Sultan Ahmet I had to send his architect
to Mecca to add a seventh minaret to the Haram Mosque.
Although the main west entrance is far grander than the
north entrance, non-worshippers are asked to use the
north entrance to keep the mosque’s sacredness intact.
The Blue Mosque’s interior is lit with two hundred and
sixty windows which were once filled with stained glass
of the seventeenth century. Unfortunately they have been
lost and replaced with replicas far more inferior.
Visitors can delight in a historical narrative and light
show at 9pm in summer with commentary in Turkish,
English, French and German on select nights. The
mosque’s interior has 20,000 blue tiles that line its high
ceiling. The oldest of these tiles feature flowers, trees and
abstract patterns that make them fine examples of
sixteenth century Iznik design.
Blue Mosque

22. Hagia SophiaOutside view
Inside view

23. Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisodom) has been standing for
more than 1400 years. Its dimensions of 82 meters long
and 73 meters wide, sporting a dome 33 meters in
diameter with a crown that rises 55 meters from the
ground level is formidable at its time of
construction. Hagia Sophia was constructed in 537 BC as
a Greek Orthodox Church by Emperor Justinian I to
replace the original church by the same name that was
torched. The massive dome is held up by spherical
triangles that arise from four huge piers that carry the
weight of the cupola. To create an air of sanctity, 40
windows beneath allow sunlight to suffuse the interior
and irradiate the gold mosaics. While it took nearly a
century for medieval builders to construct the Notre
Dame cathedral in Paris, the church was completed in
less than 6 years. A variety of ornate mosaics were added
over the centuries by each emperor after Justinian I. They
included imperial portraits, images of the imperial family,
different emperors, images of Christ and Virgin Mary
with Jesus as a child.
One of the most known Hagia Sophia facts involves the
windows that surround the mighty dome. Forty windows
cover the outside of the dome that is shaped like a shell
and the inside of an umbrella. The structure of the
massive Hagia Sophia dome begins as a triangle and
spirals up to form a rectangular shape. This shape
shifting is a classic Byzantine design. Hagia Sophia served
as an Eastern Orthodox Cathedral until 1453 AD when
Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II who conquered Istanbul
converted it into a mosque. Although he added 4
minarets, each 60 meters tall outside the church, the
Sultan's respect for the interior ensured that symbols of
the church were merely covered and not removed during
the conversion, thereby allowing visitors today to enjoy
this unique monument which straddles time and religion.
It remained a mosque until 1931 and was reopened in
1935 as a museum by the Republic of Turkey after being
closed to the public for 4 years. It remains a museum and
a unique architectural monument of art in Istanbul till
today.

24. Ephesus
Ruins of ancient antique city - Ephesus

25. Ephesus is considered one of the great outdoor
museums of Turkey. Ephesus is the best preserved
classical city of the Eastern Mediterranean, and
among the best places in the world enabling one
to genuinely soak in the atmosphere of Roman
times. The rich people used the stone toilets that
were arranged side by side with no partition
between them, that their slaves sat and 'heated'
the toilet stone for their masters. One of the Seven
Wonders of the World, Temple of Artemis, is at
Ephesus and that it was 4X as large as the
Parthenon in Athens. The Celsius Library in
Ephesus was the third largest library in the
ancient world after Alexandria, Egypt and
Pergamon, Turkey. It had a capacity of 12,000
scrolls and was given as a present to Cleopatra
from Marc Anthony.
The Grand Theatre in Ephesus has seating
capacity of 25,000 and a height of 38 meters.
The columns of Artemis were 30 meters high.
Artemis Temple covers an area of 125meters by
60meters, as big as a soccer field. The ancient
Romans knew the true shape of the world even
back in the 1st century AD? It can be understood
from the round shape on which one foot of
Emperor Trajan is resting, symbolized his rule of
the world. The first church dedicated to Virgin
Mary is in Ephesus. The Virgin Mary lived her last
years of her life in Turkey, here in a small cottage
near Ephesus. One of the early
philosophers Heraclitus was born in Ephesus and
his famous motto was that an individual can and
cannot step into the same river twice. Ephesus
which was once a seaport is now 6 miles away
from the sea.
The Grand Theatre – Ephesus

26. The Upper Düden Waterfalls, are located 14 km
northeast from the centre of Antalya. The
waterfalls, formed by a karstic depression, are
20 metres high. The location of the waterfalls
has the appearance of a botanical heaven thanks
to the rich variety of plants. In the deep valley
formed by the falling and flowing water of the
waterfalls there are promenades and trout
restaurants
By entering into Dilek Magarasi (Cave of
Wishes), located underneath the waterfalls, it is
possible to walk behind the rushing cascade or
sit and admire the mighty and splendor of the
waterfalls from inside the catacombs.
This is also a favourite family picnic area of
Antalya, which draws hundreds of people every
day for the ultimate picnic experience.
After 8km the water from the falls forms a small
creek, creating a magnificent spectacle as it
cascades over the 40 metre high falez rock into
the sea, as Lower Düden Waterfalls on the way
from Antalya to Lara Beach. The nearby rest
area, with restaurants and picnic areas, offers
an excellent view of the sea and waterfalls. The
view is even more spectacular from the sea.
Touristic boat tours are organized to the
waterfalls from Kaleiçi Marina.
Duden Waterfalls

27. Bosphorus Suspension Bridge
The Bosphorus (İstanbul Boğazı) is the northeastern strait
of the Sea of Marmara, which connects this inner sea
with the Black Sea. Even today there is still a lot of
speculation about the origin of the Bosphorus. One recent
theory (published in 1997 by William Ryan and Walter
Pitman from Columbia University) contends that the
Bosporus was formed about 5600 B.C. when the rising
waters of the Mediterranean/Sea of Marmara breached
through to the Black Sea, which at the time (according to
the theory) was a low-lying body of fresh water. Yanko-
Hombach, a geology professor of Odessa State University,
Ukraine, claims that the water flow through the Bosporus
repeatedly reversed direction over geological time
depending on the relative water levels of the Aegean Sea
and the Black Sea. This contradicts the proposed
catastrophic breakage of a Bosporus sill on which Ryan
and Pitman base their hypothesis. It is 32 km long, with a
maximum width of 3,700 m at the northern entrance,
and a minimum width of 700 m
between Kandilli and Aşiyan and 750 m between
Anadoluhisarı and Rumelihisarı. The depth changes from
36 to 124 m in midstream. Two bridges connect the
European and the Asian continents.
The first bridge over the Bosphorus is simply called the
Bosphorus Bridge (Boğaziçi Köprüsü), measures 1074
meters and was completed in 1973. The second bridge
(1090 meters long) was completed in 1988, and is called
the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge (Fatih Sultan Mehmet
Köprüsü). Locals also refer to the bridges as the first and
the second bridge. The shores of Bosphorus have always
been the city’s most favorite locations for settlements. The
trademark of the Bosphorus is the yalı – a house or
mansion constructed at the immediate waterside (almost
exclusively seaside) in Istanbul. More than 600 finely
worked wood constructions, mostly in the style of
traditional Turkish houses, are lined next to one another
and make the Bosphorus tour a treat for your eyes. The
oldest surviving yalı is the one built by the grand
vizier Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha (of the highly
influent Köprülü family) in 1699 in the Kanlıca district,
on the Asian shores of the Bosphorus. The most
expensive yalı is ‘Erbilgin Yalısı‘ located in Yeniköy,
Istanbul. Forbes magazine listed ‘Erbilgin Yalısı‘ as the
fifth most expensive house in the world with a price tag
of $100 million.

28. Golden Horn in Istanbul is a natural waterway which
flows into Istanbul's Bosphorus Strait and makes the
historical Old Town (Fatih district with Sultanahmet
neighborhood) a peninsula. The shores of 7.5 kilometers
(4.66 miless) have many things to do and see. Rich
history makes this area a popular attraction for tourists
and artists. The Golden Horn is an inlet that divides the
city of Istanbul. The Golden Horn has played an important
role for thousands and thousands of years. This is because
it forms a natural harbor. For thousands of years Roman,
Greek, Ottoman and Byzantine ships sought out shelter at
the Golden Horn. Historians assume that definition of
Golden Horn comes from how the waterway looks - a
narrow inlet is split into two smaller streams. When
looked from high above it does remind of a horn. The
word golden is probably referred to the goldish color the
water seemingly acquires at the sunset. Another guess of
the root of "golden" is the wealthy trade area of Istanbul
that this place once was. Greek geographer and historian
Strabo who lived on the territory of modern Turkey called
the bay "Golden Byzantium". Later Greeks referred to it as
the Golden Horn.
Today, however, the Greeks have a name which is
equivalent to "gulf in the form of a horn". Germans say
Goldenes Horn. Italians - Corno d'Oro. French - Corne
d'Or. Spanish - Cuerno de Oro. Turks use simple "Halic"
which from Arabaic translates as "gulf" to refer to the
popular area in Istanbul. Golden Horn provided sanctuary
for ships for many centuries. The natural harbor is 35
meters (115 ft) deep. Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman
governments used the waterway as a safe harbor. To
make it even safer a gigantic metal chain stretching from
the entrance in the north to the Tower of Galata (now
distroyed, new Galata Tower replaced it) was used to
protect the harbor. No foreign ships could enter and
impose danger. The area has been always well inhabited.
Early settlers date back to 7th century BCE. Jews have
lived in Balat since Byzantine times. Ethnic Greeks settled
in Fener neighborhood in the 15th century. More Jewish,
Armenian and Georgian settlers moved here during
Ottoman times. Today the banks of the bay host the
Istanbul Chamber of Commerce, museums, cemeteries for
Muslims, Greeks and Jews, Halic University.
Golden Horn

29. Front
Rear
Nuh A.S. (Noah)’s Ark
Mount Judi
Prophet Nuh P.B.U.H. (Noah) is known to be the
second prophet in Islam after Prophet Adam A.S.
with 10 generations gap between them. In
the Abrahamic religions, Noah was the tenth and
last of the pre-flood Patriarchs. The story
of Noah's Ark is told in the Bible's Genesis flood
narrative. The story starts with prophet Nuh
being the messenger of God giving warnings to
people who have gone astray. Only a few of them
believe in him and the rest disbelieve him and
criticize him for his preaching. They used to
mock at him and openly make fun of him. He had
tolerated this for about 950 years. He then turned
towards his Lord and asked for justice, Allah
(God) commanded him to “Build a ship and pairs
of every creature, and Noah's household, and a
group of believers who did submit to God”.
He had started to build a ship with his
companions. He was questioned and mocked at
him saying, “Will you drive it on sand? The sea is
very far from here!” Prophet Nuh (Noah) didn’t
respond. Successfully he completed the building
of the ship. One fine day after a long time, dark
clouds appeared. Within no time it started to rain
heavily. All the ponds, rivers, lakes and seas were
filled and it began to over flow. The whole region
was covered with water. Slowly the ark began to
rise. The water level went on increasing and so
the ark got lifted to higher level. Soon, the land
was drenched with rain and a flood destroyed
everything on land. Prophet Nuh (P.B.U.H) and
his followers were safe on the ark, which landed
on Mount Judi (Turkey) as per mentioned in The
Holy Quran.

30. Black Sea
The map of Black Sea flaunts its 159,000 sq. mi. sea lying between South East
Europe and Asia. It is surrounded by 6 different countries. The Black Sea seems to be
a strange body of water not only because of the name itself. But, also because of
certain characteristics that are surprisingly unusual. There are various theories as to
how this sea got to be called by this particular name. For a long time before being
‘the Sea’ was called as the ‘inhospitable Sea’ before the Greeks took over its shore
lines. Once Greeks made their navigation through this sea very easy, the name
changed to ‘hospitable’ after the Milesians had cloned the southern shoreline, the
Pontus, making it a part of Greek. As per observation, the water of Black Sea consists
of anoxic water. It means that there is truly a lack of oxygen in water. This
prevented the microorganisms from developing, the reason why this sea’s
appearance is black. Moreover Black Sea happens to be the biggest body of water
with a meromictic basin. This denotes that the water movement between the lower
and upper layers happens to be the least that’s found anywhere in the world.

31. Other than those unique water characteristics of Black Sea, its water level literally
remains the same. This is because the absence of low and high tides cause no
fluctuation to the water level. This clears the fact why the Black Sea is quite, serene,
and calm on the surface. An intriguing and almost scary fact of the Black sea is that
the dead are believed to persist in waters of the sea. Remains of ships and humans
and other decomposable materials like ropes, wood etc can still be found at the bed
of this sea, hundreds of years after their entry into the waters of the Black Sea. It
must be due to anoxic nature of the lower water layers of the sea, the process of
decomposition is negligibly slow, hence persistence of remains of the dead inside
the sea’s water. In spite of all these creepy facts, the Black Sea happens to be a very
famous choice for tourists’ vacations all year around.

32. Pamukkale
Pamukkale is more than 100 m in height and can be seen from the closest town,
Denizli, which is located around 20 km away. The waters that appear from the hot
spring are at a temperature that ranges from 35°C to 100°C. Pamukkale is called
the ‘cotton castle’ by literal translation in Turkish due to the resemblances that these
white terraces have with the cotton plantations that are cultivated in central
Turkey. In some sorts, the Sacred Pool in Pamukkale is also known as Cleopatra’s
Pool as the Egyptian Queen is said to have swum there. In the area, there are 17 hot
water springs. Pamukkale has over 2 million visitors per year and it is also Turkey’s
most single visited attraction. In 1988 Pamukkale together with Hierapolis was
recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

33. Pamukkale – Cotton Castle

34. Dolmabahce Palace – Outer and Inner View

36. The Geonese first used the tower for defense purposes. It
was also a part of the communication system at that time
- a method inherited from the Romans. Fires were lit on
top of the tower to send messages at great
distances. When the Ottomans captured Istanbul, they
converted it into a prison and later used it as a dormitory
for the military band. However, the most well known
story is that of Hezarfen Ahmet Celebi. The Galata Tower
really became famous in Turkey and a part of Ottoman
history when in the 17th century; Hezarfen Ahmet Celebi
attempted to fly from the GalataTower to Uskudar on the
Asian shore with wings attached to his arms. After
working on this project for many years, he succeeded one
fine day, when the winds carried him all the way over the
Bosphorous to Uskudar.
After this spectacular event, the locals referred to the
tower as the Hezarfen Tower for quite some time. It is
also during this period that people used the tower for a
strange sport. They tied ropes to the supports on top of
the tower and slid down the rope. Later they climbed up
the rope back to the top of the tower. Regular
competitions were held in this sport of rope climbing. At
times, the tower was also used by the Mevlevi Order of
the dervishes for their sema ceremonies. The Galata
Tower underwent its last restoration in 1990 and was
made open to the public as a tourist attraction soon after.
Galata Tower

37. Kiz Kulesi or Maiden’s Tower
The Maiden’s Tower (Kiz Kulesi) also known as Leander’s
Tower or Leandros or Princess’ Island is situated in
Istanbul, Turkey. It is located on a very small island at the
Bosphorus Strait’s south entrance, about 650 ft from
Uskudar coast. The Maiden’s Tower has two very famous
legends. The most popular one is about a sultan who had
a beautiful daughter. An oracle predicted her death and
stated that a snake bite would kill her when she turned
eighteen. The sultan had the tower built in Bosphorus
Strait to keep her safe from snakes. She went to live in the
tower and only her father visited her. On the day of her
eighteenth birthday her father brought her a fruit basket
for a present. When she reached into the basket to get a
piece a fruit, a poisonous snake in the basket bit her and
she died.
The Leander’s Tower name comes from another tale
about a young maiden. This one is about the Greek myth
of Leander and Hero. Hero was Aphrodite’s priestess who
resided in a large tower at Sestos, near Hellespont. A
young man, Leander from Abydos, fell deeply in love with
the maiden. He would swim across Hellespont every
night to see her. Hero would put a lamp on top of the
tower each night to help guide his way.
This routine continued on through summer, but one
stormy night, Leander lost his way in the sea when the
wind blew out the light at the top of the tower, and he
drowned. Consumed with grief, Hero jumped out of the
tower and died.

38. Rumelihisari
Uzungol

39. Ciragan Palace (Top) & Beylerbeyi Palace
P
A
L
A
C
E
S
OF
T
U
R
K
E
Y

40. Eyub – Al – Ansari, a
close companion of
Prophet Muhammad
(P.P.U.H) is known to
have been buried here.
Eyub Sultan Mosque
Rustem Pasha
Masjid

41. Temple of Artemis Chora Church

42. Turkey
Tulips
Sustain life by three saving graces; Family,
Friends and Faith in the power of resilience
and hope.
© The MAGEX Weekly

43. Turkey Tulip
Everybody thinks that Tulips come from Holland.
Actually Tulips are native to Central Asia and
Turkey. In 16th
century they were brought to
Holland from Turkey, and quickly became
widely popular.
Today Tulips are cultivated in Holland in great
numbers and in huge fields. Dutch bulbs,
including tulips and daffodils, are exported all
around the world so people think that it’s
originated from there as well. In fact, many
cultivated varieties were widely grown in Turkey
long before they were introduced to European
gardens. A few facts about Turkey Tulips are as
follows:
 There are 3000 varieties of cultivated Tulips
and billions of Tulips are cultivated every
year. Tulips are available in wide range of
colors from red, yellow, orange, purple, pink,
black, white, brown and many more.
 Color is either solid or streaked. Streaked
tulips are because of a harmless virus.
 Origin of the word Tulip might be from the
Turkish word “tulbend” for turban.
 Next to Roses and Chrysanthemum, Tulips are
the third most popular flowers across the
world.
 Typically a Tulip plant can grow up to 10 –
70 cms (1 inch in vase), some species of tulips
have 2 – 6 leaves while other species have up
to 12 leaves.
 Some species of Tulips have 4 flowers in a
single stem. The average lifespan of a Tulip
flower is 3 – 7 days.
 Tulip is the national flower of Turkey and Iran.
 The first person to identify “broken tulips”
which is a viral infection that caused beautiful
streaks in the petals was Carolus Clusis.
 Efforts made by Clusis created many new color
variations of Tulips, some of which became
much sought after.
 The period around 1634 – 1637 is known as
“Tulip mania”, enthusiasm for the new flower
started an economy of trading burgeoned
nearly overnight. Tulip mania is considered to
be the first speculative bubble.
 Tulip flowers are considered as token of love,
passion, romanticism, dreaminess and also a
perfect lover.
 Tulip bulbs are considered to be the best
substitute for Onions in recipes.
 Tulips are cultivated in a well drained, airy
and loamy soil. They bend and twist towards
the light, even when places in a vase.
 The Dutch royal family sent 1,00,000 tulip
bulbs to Ottawa in 1945 to thank for
sheltering Princess Juliana and her daughters
during Nazi occupation of the Netherlands.
 World’s largest tulip festival is celebrated by
Canadians in the month of May, stretches from
Commissioner’s Park at Dow’s Lake to
Parliament hill, and then across the Ottawa
River to Gatineau Park, Quebec.
 Early flowering tulips bloom in March and
April. Mid season flowering tulips bloom in
May.
© The MAGEX Weekly

45. EpicurE’s
Column
© The MAGEX Weekly

46. Menemen
Ingredients:
 6 eggs
 4 tablespoon butter
 1 large onion
 2 large, ripe tomatoes
 2 sweet red peppers (1 large bell
pepper)
 2 sweet green peppers (1 hot chili
pepper)
 1 teaspoon salt, to taste
 ½ teaspoon black pepper
 1 teaspoon hot red pepper flakes
 1 teaspoon fresh or dry oregano
Menemen is a traditional Turkish dish which includes eggs, tomato, green peppers, and spices such as
ground black pepper, ground red pepper, salt and oregano. Onion, garlic; Beyaz peynir and
Turkish charcuterie products such as sucuk or pastırma may be added, although this strays from the
traditional recipe. It is cooked with olive oil or sunflower oil. The dish is similar to shakshouka.

47. Procedure (Menemen):
 First, peel and dice the onion. Also peel the tomatoes with a very sharp knife
and dice them, saving the juice. Remove the seeds from the peppers and dice
them as well.
 Melt the butter in a large skillet. Sautee the onion until tender and
translucent. When the onions are cooked, add all the diced vegetables and
spices and stir to combine.
 Bring the mixture to a boil, then cover and reduce the heat. Let the mixture
simmer gently until the tomatoes and peppers soften and release their
natural juice.
 Remove the lid and continue to simmer, letting some of the liquid evaporate.
Lightly salt and scramble the eggs in a separate bow, then pour them in the
center of the pan. Don’t stir the mixture. Let the eggs travel through the
vegetables on their own. You can help them by moving the skillet around.
 Let the mixture continue to simmer until the eggs are cooked. If the top of
the eggs still seem raw,, cover the pan for a few minutes.
 Your ‘menemen’ should be fully cooked but still very juicy. You can spread
some extra melted butter over the top before serving if you wish.
Enjoy your luscious dish
© The MAGEX Weekly

48. Shish Kebab
Ingredients:
 Whole – milk Yoghurt (1 cup)
 Fresh Squeezed Lemon juice (2
tablespoons)
 Olive Oil (2 tablespoons)
 Garlic (6 cloves) minced
 Aleppo red pepper flakes (1 tablespoon)
 Kosher salt (1 tablespoon)
Meat on a stick originated in Turkey. Shish Kebab is typically lamb, chicken, fish or
beef on a wooden or metal rod, often with bread. Dip it in yoghurt or eat it on its
own, it’s always tender, savory and delicious. You’ll find the recipe on the next page.
 Freshly ground black pepper (1
teaspoon)
 Ground cumin (1½ teaspoons)
 Paprika (1 teaspoon)
 Ground Cinnamon (1/8 teaspoon)
 Boneless meat – Chicken/Lamb (2½
pounds)
 Long Metal Skewers (4)

49. Procedure (Shish Kebab):
 Whisk yoghurt, lemon juice, olive oil, garlic, red pepper flakes, salt, cumin,
black pepper, paprika and cinnamon together in a bowl.
 Place the meat (chicken/lamb) halves into the yoghurt marinade and coat them
thoroughly on all sides. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and refrigerate 2 – 8
hours.
 Preheat an outdoor grill for medium – high heat and lightly oil the grate.
 Place Kebabs on the grill. Do not try to turn them until they begin to unstick
from the grill, 3 – 4 minutes. Turn kebabs and grill the other side 3 – 4 min;
turn.
 Continue cooking and turning until the meat no longer is pink in the center
and juices run clear, about 6 minutes.
 An instant read thermometer inserted into the center should read at least
165°F (74°C).
Your appetizing feast is ready…
© The MAGEX Weekly

50. Baklava – Introduced in Turkey
Turkish Coffee – Strong, thick and served with Baklava

51. Pide –
Often called ‘Turkish Pizza’ is a boat shaped flatbread served with
a variety of toppings, often minced meat or spinach and cheese.
Ekmek – Turkey is also known as “Bread Basket of the world” producing
some of the best and most varied breads in the world.

52. Chocolates
© The MAGEX Weekly

53. Health Benefits of Chocolates
Chocolate is the most preferred delicious dish for
everyone – from childhood to old age. In times of
stress, it is a reliable source of consolation, a
mood – enhancer, and a romance inducer.
Most of times, we misunderstand that chocolate
is bad for health. Here I will let you know many
amazing health benefits of Chocolates.
A Healthy Heart: A recent study found that dark
chocolate helps restore flexibility to arteries, also
prevents blood clotting, heart attack, and reduces
the possibilities of cardio vascular diseases.
Decreases Stroke Risk: A Swedish study found
that eating more than 45 grams of chocolate per
week – about two bars worth – led to a 20%
decrease in stroke risk among women.
Chocolates help you with Math: British
psychologists found that flavanols helped people
with their mental math and increases
intelligence.
Chocolate prevents cancer: Cocoa contains a
compound called pentameric procyanidin, or
pentamer, which disrupts cancer cells’ ability to
spread. In 2005, when researchers from
Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at
Georgetown University treated cancer cells with
pentamer back, the proteins necessary for cancer
growth were suppressed and the cells stopped
dividing.
Chocolate is good for skin: According to German
scientists, flavonoids found in dark chocolate
protect women’s skin from Sun’s UV Rays.
Weight Loss: A small amount of good chocolate
melted on tongue 20 minutes before a meal cuts
the amount of food you subsequently consume.
Adding dark chocolate to your diet would
promote weight loss as per researches held in
University of Copenhagen.
Happier Kids: Women who ate chocolate daily
during pregnancy reported that they were better
able to handle stress than mothers – to – be who
abstained. Also, a Finnish study found their bbies
were happier and smiled more.
Chocolates reduce Cholesterol: Consumption of
cocoa has been shown to reduce levels of “bad”
cholesterol (LDL) and raise levels of “good”
cholesterol, potentially lowering the risk of
cardiovascular disease.
Diabetes prevention: In a small Italian study,
participants who ate a candy bar’s worth of dark
chocolate once a day for 15 days saw their
potential for insulin resistance by drop nearly
half.
Chocolates are good for cough relief and
diarrhea: One study found that chocolate quieted
coughs almost as well as codeine, due to the
theobromine it contains.
Chocolates are good against stress and
depression: Swiss scientists found that when very
anxious people ate an ounce and a half of dark
chocolate every day for 2 weeks, their stress
hormone levels were significantly reduced.
© The MAGEX Weekly

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56. Bollywood times!
Munna Michael (Romance/Action)
Rating: 8.8/10 (U/A)
Director: Sabbir Khan
Starring: Tiger Shroff, Nidhhi Agerwal,
Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Sana Saeed, Chitrangda
Singh
Storyline: The story traces how Munna (Tiger
Shroff) achieves his dream of keeping the flame
of pop icon Michael Jackson alive. Mahinder
Fauji (Nawazuddin Siddiqui) is a gangster who
aspires to dance.
Lipstick under my burkha
(Drama/Comedy)
Rating: 6/10 (A)
Director: Alankrita Shrivastava
Starring: Konkona Sen, Ratna Pathak, Plabita
Borthakur, Aahana Kumra
Storyline: A burkha-clad college girl struggles
with issues of cultural identity and her
aspirations to be a pop singer. A young two-
timing beautician, seeks to escape the
claustrophobia of her small town. An oppressed
housewife and mother of three, lives the
alternate life of an enterprising saleswoman. And
a 55 year-old widow rediscovers her sexuality
through a phone romance.

57. Kollywood times!
Vikram Vedha (Action/Crime)
Rating: 9/10 (U)
Director: Pushkar – Gayathri
Starring: R. Madhavan, Vijay Sethupathi
Storyline: A story of the lives of a police officer
and a North Madras rowdy.
Enbathettu (Drama/Action)
Rating: 7/10 (U)
Director: M. Mathan,
Starring: M. Mathan, Upasana Rai
Storyline: A family-oriented man is caught off-
guard when his number is misused by a bunch
of gangsters. He then tries to find a way out this
trouble, highlighting how people, especially the
youth, should use technology wisely and be wary
of being too exposed to it.
Meesaya Murukku (Romance/Musical)
Rating: 6/10 (U)
Director: Hiphop Tamizha
Starring: Adhi, Aathmika, Vivek
Savarikkadu (Thriller/Drama)
Rating: 7.5/10 (U)
Director: MN Krishnakumar
Starring: Robo Shankar, Miss Swathi, Soori, Alva
Vasu

58. Hollywood Times!
Dunkirk (Action/Drama)
Rating: 9/10 (U/A)
Director: Christopher Nolan
Starring: Aneurin Barnard, Tom Hardy, Kenneth
Branagh, Cillian Murphy
Storyline: In May 1940, Germany advanced into
France, trapping Allied troops on the beaches of
Dunkirk. Under air and ground cover from
British and French forces, troops were slowly
and methodically evacuated from the beach
using every serviceable naval and civilian vessel
that could be found. At the end of this heroic
mission, 330,000 French, British, Belgian and
Dutch soldiers were safely evacuated.
The Black Prince (History/Drama)
Rating: 8/10 (U/A)
Director: Kavi Raz
Starring: Satinder Sartaaj, Jason Fleming,
Shabana Azmi, Amanda Root
Storyline: The last Sikh prince of Punjab is placed
on the throne at five, but when India is annexed
to the British, he is sent to England and never
allowed to return to his home.

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