it contains the aspects usefull for its pharmaceutical preparation and evaluation.

1. NAIL LACQUER
REMOVER
PREPARED BY:
SONAM DOLMA
B.PHARM

2. OVERVIEW
 INTRODUCTION
 STRUCTURE OF NAIL
 TYPES AND DIFFFERENT FORMS
 IDEAL CHARACTERISTICS
 RAW MATERIALS REQUIRED
 METHOD OF PREPARATION
 PACKAGING, LABEL INSTRUCTION AND
CATEGORY
 COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS

3. INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION:
It is the organic solvent which dissolves nail
lacquer.
Although the acetone is the main solvent in almost all
marketed nail polish remover, it have a few backward
such as its harsh for skin and nail along with the
dryness it causes.
Moreover, acetone gives very unpleasant odour.
so nowadays most of the cosmetic industries uses
ethyl acetate as a substitute as it less aggressive and
gives fruity smell.

4. STRUCTURE OF NAIL
 Finger nails are made up tough protective protein
cover called keratin.
 In human, nails grow at an average rate of 3mm in
a month.
 Actual growth rate depends upon age, sex, season,
exercise level, diet and hereditary factors.
 The nail consist of nail plate, nail bed beneath it
and nail matrix at the bottom.
 Nail matrix is a keratogeneous membrane which
nail tries to protect.
 It is a part of nail bed and contains nerves and
blood vessel.

5.  The matrix is responsible for producing cells that
become nail plate and as the new nail plate grow
they push older nail plate cells forward.
 The nail bed is the skin beneath the nail plate like
all skin it also has dermis and epidermis.
 Cuticle and Eponychium are also part of nail matrix.
 The cuticle is non living part which is usually
removed during manicure.
 Eponychium is a living part and it’s main function is
to protect from infection.

7. TYPES OF POLISH REMOVER
 Acetone polish remover
Pros:- Most effective way to remove nail polish.
Cons:- Harsh and very drying to nails, cuticle and
skin.
Best For:- infrequent polish removal and women
who use very dark nail polish.
 Non-acetone polish remover
Pros:- less drying effect to nails compare to
acetone.
Cons:- required more effort to rub off the polish.
Best For:- Frequent polish removal and women with
sensitive skin.

8. DIFFERENT FORMS OF REMOVER
1. liquid remover come in a bottle that can be
used with cotton balls or cotton pads.

9. 2. Some nail polish remover come in a
package with pre-soaked individual
pads.

10. 3. Some nail polish remover come in the form of
stickers, where one has to peel off the cover and
stick it on the nail and keep it for sometime, then
remove it just as done in the case of band-aid.

11. 4.DIP IN NAIL POLISH REMOVER
In this type of remover, the container is fitted in with
sponge, pre-soaked with acetone.
In case of this, one has to dip polished nail inside and
rotate it with little amount of force to remove the nail
polish.

12. 5. NAIL POLISH REMOVER PEN
Nowadays it is widely used because of it’s precise
action. It is very easy to use and convenient to
carry.
It is normally used to remove the lacquer surrounding
the nail i.e., on nearby skin due to smudging or
messy application.

13. IDEAL CHARACTERISTICS
 It should not be too volatile to evaporate during
application.
 It should not be irritating to the surrounding skin.
 It should not leave the nail fatty or sticky.
 It should not have unpleasant or obstructive odor.
 It should not cause drying of the nails or make the
nail brittle.

14. RAW MATERIALS REQUIRED
 SOLVENT:-
Acetone is most commonly used solvent
which dissolves the lacquer more easily and quickly
than other solvent; despite having unpleasant odor.
Higher molecular ketones such as methyl ethyl
ketone can also be used. Ester of dibasic acid are
odorless and are frequently used in modern nail
lacquer remover.
The other solvent used are ethyl acetate, ethyl
butyrate, liquid alkyl ester of higher acid and amino
alcohols.

15.  FATTING AGENTS:
Most lacquer solvent have a strong drying
effect; in order to avoid it some fat is usually added
to the remover.
Vegetable oil, lanolin and its derivatives, fatty alcohol
are used for this purpose.
 PERFUME:
If the product contain large amount of acetone,
aliphatic ester; it is difficult to mask the odor. The
easiest way to overcome this problem is to add
volatile fragrances such as orange turpines,
turpineol which also act as a solvents.

16. PREPARATION (LAB-SCALE)
 REQUIREMENTS:-
Acetone, Ethyl acetate, Butyl acetate, Perfume,
Purified water, Beaker, Stirrer and Measuring
cylinder.
METHOD OF PREPARATIION
 Mix the required quantity of ethyl acetate and butyl
acetate in a beaker.
 Add required amount of acetone and perfume.
 Make up the volume using acetone.
 Transfer it into a suitable container, label it and
dispense.

17. PACKAGING
 The product are best packed in plastic bottle with
inner seal.
 Glass and metal bottles are alternative packaging
materials but they are very expensive and bulky.
LABEL INSTRUCTION
 Keep in tightly closed container.
 Keep in cool and dry place.
 Keep out of reach of children.
 Keep away from heat and flame.
CATEGORY:- DECOLORIZING AGENT

18. EVALUATION PARAMETER
 Non-volatile content:- take known amount of
lacquer remover and apply on a plate of flat
surface. Weight of the residual film after
evaporation of solvent will indicate the non-volatile
content.
 Drying rate:- take product on flat surface and note
down the time required for complete evaporation of
the solvent.
 Smoothness and hardness.
 Adhesion:- by removing the film by mechanically
and noting down the force required to remove.
 Viscosity:- can be measured by any viscometer.

19. COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS

20. REFERNCE
 Formulation and function of cosmetics by Dr. J.
Stephan.
 Harry ’s cosmeticology
 Wikipedia
 Images from Google