This ppt is on Element no. 21 (Scandium) and will be very useful.

2. Scandium
Scandium derived from latin scandia
which means scandinavia
Scandium was discovered by Lars
Nilson in 1879 in Sweden.
Scandium is found in minerals euxenite,
thortveitile, thortvetile and Gadoline at
Scandinavia and Madagascar.

3. History
 Scandium is Latin for Scandinavia,
where it was first discovered in 1869
 Scandium is a rare, hard, silvery, rough,
very dark metallic element that develops
a slightly yellowish or pinkish tint when
exposed to air
 First prepared in its metallic form in
1937

5. Properties of Scandium
 Scandium is a silver-white metal that
changes color to yellow if it reacts with
air.

7. Physical properties of scandium
 Physical properties :
1. Density : 3 g/cm3
2. Melting Point : 1812.2 K
3. Boiling Point : 3021 K
4. Form (25 ° C) : solid
5. Color : white silver

8. Atomic Properties Of Scandium
 Atomic Properties
1. Atomic number : 21
2. The mass number : 44,956
3. Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d1 4S2
4. AtomicVolume : 15 cm3/mol
5. Electron affinity : 18.1 kJ / mol
6. Shape Crystal : Hexagonal Unit Cell

9. Chemical Properties and
chemical reactions
 Chemical Properties of Scandium
Reaction with water:
When heated, the Scandium will dissolve
in water to form a solution consisting of
ions Sc (III) and hydrogen gas.
2Sc(s) + 6H2O(aq) ---> 2Sc3+(aq) + 6OH-
(aq) + 3H2(g)

10.  Reactions with halogens
Scandium is very reactive when it reacts
with all the halogens to form trihalides
elements.
2Sc(s) + 3F2(g) ---> 2ScF3(s)
2Sc(s) + 3Cl2(g) ---> 2ScCl3(s)
2Sc(s) + 3Br2(l) ---> 2ScBr3(s)
2Sc(s) + 3I2(s) ---> 2ScI3(s

11. Useful of Scandium
 Clorida Scandium (ScCl3), where these
compounds can be found in halide
lamps, fiber optic, and laser ceramic
electrolyte.
 Primary application of the elements
scandium alloy is as alumunium-
scandium is used for sports equipment
(bikes) that havea high quality.

12.  other applications is the use of
scandium iodide for lights that provide a
high intensity. Sc2O3 is used as a
catalyst in the manufactureof Acetone

13. For Health and Environment
Effects
 Scandium is not toxic, but need to be
careful because some scandium
compounds may be carcinogenic in
humans but it can cause liver damage if
it accumulates in the body.
 Together with aquatic animals, Sc can
cause damage to the cell membrane,
thus providing a negative effect on the
reproductiveand nervous systems.

15.  Made by- Ankita Arora
 Roll no.- 21
 Class- 10th (Jasmine)
Topic- Scanium
Submitted to- Mohit Sir