What actually happened and what are the preventive measures

1. SAMSON SEAN ( BOSH 1909-1339 )
GERALYN GOMEZ ( BOSH 1909-1332 )
THAVASILAN ( BOSH 1909-1234 )
SINTHOO ( BOSH 1909-1230 )
THIVIYA ( BOSH 1909-1232 )
LISA MAISARAH ( 1909-1382 )
BHOPAL GAS TRAGEDY

2. INTRODUCTION1
CAUSES OF ACCIDENT2
HEALTH EFFECTS FROM
ACCIDENT
3
PREVENTION CONTROL4
CONTENTS
5 RECOMMENDATION
CONCLUSION6

3. INTRODUCTION
A leak of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and
other chemicals from the plant resulted in the
exposure of hundreds of thousands of people.
It occurred on the night of 2nd–3rd December
1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL)
pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.
The Bhopal gas tragedy was a gas leak incident
in India, considered one of the world's worst
industrial catastrophes.

4. Methyl Isocyanate, known as
MIC, is a clear, colorless liquid
used for the creation of
pesticides. It has also been
used to create rubber. MIC is a
lachrymatory agent, meaning it
has the same effects as tear gas.
It is extremely toxic. MIC is
safe when maintained properly.

5. WHAT ACUALLY HAPPENED ?
1 2
During the night of 2–3 December
1984, water entered Tank E610
containing 42 tons of MIC.
The resulting exothermic reaction
increased the temperature inside the
tank
Which then increased the pressure
inside the tank. About 30 metric tons of
methyl isocyanate (MIC) escaped from
the tank into the atmosphere of Bhopal in
45 to 60 minutes.

6. CAUSES OF ACCIDENT
Safety systems being switched off to save
money—including the MIC tank refrigeration
system
Poor safety
Storing MIC in large tanks and
filling beyond recommended
levels
Poor management system
Plant location close to a densely populated
area
Poor Choice of location The dependence on manual
operations
Risk of human error and behavior

8. 01 02 03
coughing,
vomiting, severe eye
irritation and a feeling of
suffocation.
The causes of deaths were
choking,
reflexogenic circulatory
collapse and pulmonary
oedema.
The stillbirth rate increased
by up to 300%
and neonatal mortality rate
by 200%.
SHORT TERM HEALTH EFFECTS

9. 01 02 03
It is estimated 100,000 to
200,000 people have
permanent injuries.
Reported symptoms are
• eye problems,
• respiratory difficulties,
• immune and
neurological disorders,
• cardiac failure
secondary to lung injury,
female reproductive
difficulties and
birth defects among
children born to affected
women.
LONG TERM HEALTH EFFECTS

11. 01 02 03 04
S u p e r v i s o r c o u l d
h a v e b e e n p l a c e d o n
n i g h t s h i f t s a n d t h e
r e a d i n g s a n d
f e e d b a c k o f t h e
E q u i p m e n t
c o u l d h a v e b e e n
t a k e n f o r e v e r y o n e
h o u r.
p r o p e r
m a i n t e n a n c e a n d
s e r v i c i n g o f
F l a r e t o we r s ,
p r e s s u r e v a l v e s ,
g a s s c r u b b e r s
m u s t h a v e b e
m a d e a t r e g u l a r
i n t e r v a l s
S t r i c t
r e g u l a t i o n s
a n d m e t h o d s
m u s t h a v e
b e e n u s e d
a c c o r d i n g t o
t h e m a n u a l .
T h e r e s h o u l d
h a v e b e e n 4
s t a g e b a c k u p
s y s t e m i n s t e a d
o f a o n e m a n u a l
b a c k u p s y s t e m .
PREVENTION CONTROL

12. RECOMMENDATION
Ensuring Machinery and equipment are always
maintained on a regular interval and always have
a SHO / Supervisor to inspect and monitor the
condition.
Maintanence
Training workers on proper
work procedures and providing
workers on safety training
PROPER TRAINING
Ensure safety systems are are always on
and are monitored closely by workers on
duty
Safety systems Hiring a SHO to ensure that all of
safety aspects are taken care of
and enforced according to the
law
Hire a safety & health officer

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14. CONCLUSION
The Bhopal disaster will be a
lesson for the developing and
developed countries.
The main cause of this accident
was the ignorence of the
management and the
untrainned workers. Especially
the fact that most of it was a
cause to save cost.
When dealing with hazardous
substances, it is always
important to be prepared and
work with the outmost caution
for the sake of the company, the
workers and the people.

15. THANKS