ENBE Project 2 ( Final Project ) - Built Environments ~ A Better Future Town

Content:
1. Introduction
2. A Town - Investigation on Better Township or Town or City Guidelines and
Issues
3. Investigation & Data Collection: Ancient and old cities/town
4. Investigation & Data Collection: The present towns
5. Investigation & Data Collection: The future and better township
6. The New “X” Town – AINDCRAD
- Overview
- Master Plan
- Cross Sections
- Zoning
- Topography, Terrain & Population Distribution
- Green Space
- Transportation
- Town Enhancement
- Green Plan
- Green Implementation
- Waterworks
- Sketches of Perspective View
7. The Conclusion
8. References list
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Introduction
After reading , analyzing and interpreting the brief, I understand that I am
assigned to describe the different characteristics o the natural and built environment
through numerous explorations on basic elements such as natural topography,
landscape, space, building and infrastructure. This is done by proposing a town wit a
proper and efficient layout which is a better livable future town. From a detail
analysis of the brief, I am also introduced to various types of grid systems which
includes the square grids, triangle grids, hexagon grids, radial grids and also other
types of mixed grids which are used for urban planning systematically.
To make this town a success, I must fully understand he geometrical shape ,
form, pattern, hierarchy system and structure of the town. The main focus of the
town are such as squares, gardens monuments, town halls, pavilions, civic buildings,
arises and also vistas. Emphasis should also be taken on the zoning of the town which
prioritizes the community of the town. List of daily activities, necessities, populations
and also social issues are being slotted into priority. All of these are connected into
creating a sustainable and better living environment for the people of the town.
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Based on my personal opinion, the outcome of this assignment helps me to
understand the natural and built environment physically and also based on their
characteristics which help to coexist along with one another without losing its
balance. I should be able to understand the landscape, topography , space
utilization and also infrastructures of buildings, which will totally relate back to the
main topic of this module.
City VS Town
• Definitions
- Cities are early human settlement which is basically larger than a village and
also a town. It has its own municipal boundary which allows the administrative
department to have govern authorities onto the stated area and thus carry
out and act certain policies and also for development purposes.
- Town’s main difference compared to cities are the size of the population. As
stated, it is also a human early settlement which is larger than a village but
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smaller than a city. It can be a suburban area which has certain municipal
govern policies or as well as a multidisciplinary policies implemented onto it. It
usually has a centralized part within its area for easier and efficient
management.
CITIES TOWNS
• History
- Cities and towns are mainly alike. The only main difference that sets them
apart is the time frame of the foundation and settlement of the city and town.
From the context of this, we can tell that a city has been in someplace for
quite a while as the facilities and accommodations implemented onto it is
very advanced, more efficient and more sustainable. As for town, it is still
settlements which are immature in terms of development and the facilities
are implemented in the designated township area.
- The histories of both types of settlement are mainly due to human activities,
whereby all human seek shelters, surviving and thus slowly leading to
evolution of mankind in terms of activities being carried out in terms of scale
and the population size. Social histories also gradually picked up its form for
town as well as architecture sociology, urban geography. This leads to a
strong foundation of in terms of social system and the culture which is
gradually developed into a structured town.
• Characteristics and guidelines of a good township
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- Systematic and efficient urban planning in terms of zoning and designation of
places according to their functions and different usability.
- Smart integration and linkage throughout different parts / zones of the town.
- Strong and secure security and safety of the town which emphasizes on the
citizens of the town.
- Administrative departments which meet the needs and requirements of the
citizens of the town and ensure its convenience.
- Centralized business district to ensure job opportunities for the local
community and ensure the livability of the town.
Township with proper urban planning
• Characteristics of future town
The major point to take note into developing a new town is to ensure the town stays
on and to be independent and sustainable as long as possible. Henceforth, it is only
fair to say that the most important thing of a future town is the SUSTAINIBILITY.
- Security and safety are the main priorities of the town, thus modern
technology to handle and curb with this issues are implemented. This is to
ensure that daily activities can still go on without crime interventions and
interferences.
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- Facilities and spaces have to be balanced as well. Facilities have to be
implemented onto places with deep consideration of space utilizations. It
could not jeopardize the need of the local community to acquire
recreational spaces and pleasure.
- Greenery also play a major role in a good town. Greenery serves a
recreational area and also healthy decorative spaces. It serves as green
lungs in a settlement for instance a town and hence ensure the comfort of
the local community. Recreational spaces can be implemented specifically
on outdoor purposes. It can serve as an alternative source of income for the
proposed town as well as a tourist attraction in the town. It can only serve as
a place around town to enhance the local community’s public relations.
- Transportation and connectivity have to be efficient and systematic. It have
to ensure it carry out the major role and functions to the local community,
which is to enhance transportation needs, provide cheap and convenient
transportation to the local community and also provide walkability in the
town. This will enhance and further it strengthen its point of eco friendly
connectivity.
- Eco friendly facilities and energy can be implemented and as an emphasis in
town. It can be implemented onto heavy duty facilities for instance
transportations, business and commercial area and also places where daily
activities are always on the go. This energy used can be also transformed into
reusable energy for other useful purposes.
Security of a township Greenery and landscape for
recreational purposes
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Eco-friendly Township Planning
Investigation & Data Collection:
Ancient Cities
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Case Study 1 - Pompeii, Italy
This case study - Pompeii, Italy is chosen due to its efficient urban planning
and smart integration of water sources and management to enhance
sustainability of city.
A view of Pompeii as seen today. An aerial view of the urban planning of the
ancient city
• History and brief introduction
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- It is founded by Osci (Oscan) which appears to be the Oscan word for
number five, which suggest that either the community consisted of five
hamlets or perhaps settled by a family group. Hence number five was
chosen.
- It covers a total area of 64 to 67 hectares which approximately
accommodates 11000 to 11500 people and act as a major city in the regions
at its time.
- It acts as major crossroads between towns such as Cumae, Nola and Stabiae.
- Act as a safe port for the Greek and Phoenician sailors.
• The characteristic of focus in my town
- A town which emphasize on the usability and also management of water
sources. The stated type of town / city has to be efficient and systematic in
terms of water distribution, clean sources of water and efficient sewerage
system around the town / city. Efficient urban planning has also been the
main priority in the planning of a township which is greatly associated with
water management system and waterworks.
• The significance and details of the city
- Proper, efficient and systematic planning of the city layout to accommodate
the maximum amount of people without causing any inconvenience to the
public.
- Pompeii practice the three stream running water system across the whole
city. Each stream is associated with each specific uses. One of the stream is
linked to public fountains, second is linked to public baths and whereas the
third stream is linked to homes of wealthy citizens.
- The water supply mainly came and was utilized from a nearby river which is
situated in Pompeii. The water was directed to centralized water tower
called Castellum Aquae. The main water supply from the tower itself will cut
off automatically when there is arise of issues on water shortage.
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- The usage of aqueduct is one of the main facilities in Pompeii dealing with the
water management in Pompeii. Due to the topography in Pompeii which is
slightly tilted downwards, aqueduct serves as one of the major facilities to
collect, direct and even store water. It is built in a way such that it collect
water from a higher place of the city and direct the water flow to Central
Pompeii which is slightly lower than the source of the water which is the river in
the city.
- The Castellum Aquae are the main connections of the aqueduct and the
smaller branches of the water pipes around Pompeii. Therefore, it is more
convenient and more understandable to place the Castellum Aquae at a
higher point of the city.
- Public spaces is also one of the major emphasis in Pompeii. Places like the
Coliseum, The Forum, theatre, museums etc. had been serving the people of
Pompeii as a recreational spot for them to carry out various recreational
activities, not to mention the Public Bath as well.
An image of Castellum Aquae in Pompeii The Public Forum
• Conclusion of city
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- All in all, in order to make Pompeii an organized and sustainable city, Pompeii
has various implementations which benefits the people. No doubt there
wasn’t any lake in Pompeii, but still in order to obtain water, Pompeii did it by
utilizing the river found in the city itself.
- To do this, they need to acquire certain level of technology and also
management system in order for the waterworks to run smoothly in Pompeii.
Along with this, they succeed to realize the importance of coordination
between urban planning – the arrangement of buildings in the city, and also
the types of water management facilities.
- All of this systematical way of doing things makes Pompeii a more sustainable
ancient city which succeed into becoming one of the most important and
also a role model as a city.
- Recreational areas are also equally important as it is served to provide leisure
to the local community. Even so, the implementation of the public areas
should not contaminate and jeopardize any resources, coordination of urban
planning and also daily human activities in the city.
• Information or elements that I can implement in my future town
- Efficient and systematic urban planning around the town with high
coordination between the functionality, usability and sustainability.
- High utilization of water source in town – the lake has to be properly and
efficiently utilize. This is to ensure that the town will be very sustainable with the
lake as both of them, the town and the lake goes hand in hand together.
- Recreational areas should also be imposed onto the town as it provides
leisure to the town’s people. However, in order to make a town which is far
more eco-friendly and sustainable, recreational spaces like green spaces and
landscaping have to be top of the list.
- Public spaces should focus more on eco-friendliness and thus should
implement more greens, for instance pocket parks, urban parks, forest
reserves, plaza, streetscapes etc. .
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A view of a typical streetscape A view of a typical plaza
Present Towns / Township
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Case Study 2 - Sylvan Lake Township, Alberta,
Canada
The case study, Sylvan Lake Township, Alberta, Canada is chosen due to its
close relativity of concept of the proposed town and the utilization of the
purpose of lake as recreational medium and a constant source of water
supply for agricultural purposes for local income.
A view from the Sylvan Lake of the Sylvan Lake Township
• History and brief introduction
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- Sylvan Lake Township was originally settled by French speaking immigrants
from Quebec and the United States.
- As it continues to farm and nurture as a more mature town, it quickly
became the mainstay in the area and since 1923, agriculture starts to took it
form in a much bigger scale. This is due to grain elevators being built
drastically for the convenience of the local farmers and hence slowly
became renowned as a town.
- This attracted visitors from all places especially during summer seasons and
hence gradually turning a simple agriculture town into a recreational and
small scaled tourism town.
• The characteristic of focus in my town
- A town which emphasize on recreational activities and facilities. In this
context, it does not neglect the importance to utilize the exiting lake for
recreational and also daily activities purposes as it will link to the main focus of
this town’s proposal which is by treating the lake of the town as a main
character and attraction in the township. The focus is also on a town which
can fully utilize the usage of the exiting lake apart from recreational purposes
and also use it for other useful purposes which can enhance sustainable living
for the local community and again relating it back to the lake.
• The significance and details of the town
- It is initially based on agriculture and the lake is fully utilize for agriculture
purposes. Local farmers back then utilize Sylvan Lake as the main source of
water.
- As the scale of agriculture took place in a bigger scale, agriculture elevators
were built in order to cope with the intake and the production of agricultural
crops and product.
- Sylvan Lake also serves as a recreational spot mainly for citizens of Red Deer,
a nearby city in Alberta. The lake is used as a medium for recreational
activities.
- Resort cottages were built by the lake in order to cope with the amount of
tourist that visits the lake every year.
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- Transportations links have been upgraded, for instance railways, highways
and also easy and user friendly streets along the town of Sylvan Lake.
- The specific lake which attracts more and more tourists every
year hence
further enhance the tourism and outdoor recreational business.
- Sylvan Lake thus act as a major attraction in the town and thus
plays a major
role for food supply, source of water supply and a hot spot for recreational
activities which will further enhance the recreational tourism business.
• Conclusion of town
- The lake is fully utilize in the township and it is the key of survival in the
township. This is because without it, there will be no proper and constant flow
of water supply for agriculture and domestic purposes.
- Agricultural in the town is also part of the main source of food in the town and
without the lake in the township itself, food supply could not be nurtured,
produced and supplied to all the citizens in the local community.
- A good township with a lake should also utilize the town’s existing lake for
other useful purposes, for instance recreational businesses. It can be utilize as
another medium to enhance the local income apart from agriculture.
- Recreational business will nurture and gradually transform itself into a larger
scale of business and slowly transform the town into a mature and
independent township.
• Information or elements that I can implement in my future town
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- Utilize the purpose of the lake and enhance it into other uses which can
contribute to the local community.
- Make use of the lake for recreational elements, for instance water sports
parks, recreational ground, lake parks, esplanades by the lakes and also
streetscapes overlooking the lakes and etc.
- Make use of the constant water supply of the lake for agriculture purposes to
enhance the productivity of agricultural products.
- Insert more green spaces in conjunction with recreational elements along the
lake to enhance eco-friendliness and also beautify the environment, provide
larger green lung spaces to the local community.
Lakes which will be implemented in my town and use as a recreational
attraction.
Lake as a source of water supply for agriculture purposes.
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The future of towns and Better Towns
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Case Studies : Based on statement above - Case Study 1 - Pompeii, Italy
- Case Study 2 - Sylvan Lake
Township, Alberta,
Canada
Based on accumulated data from both case studies of ancient / past civilization
( cities ) and also present civilization ( town ), it is to be aware that both of the case
studies stated is mainly focusing on the use of water as their main source of food
supply, water and also other purposes which contribute to the local community.
Besides, these two case studies stated have a large common specifications and
characteristics as compared to the newly proposed town.
There was a great focus placed on creating an infrastructure that supported large
numbers of cars. Streets were organized to manage traffic patterns and problems,
but today, as the population rapidly increases, there is a remarkable issue: There isn't
room to build any more streets, and there certainly isn't room for every person to
own a car. With this in mind, public transportation issues will need to be addressed,
and transportation systems within towns greatly expanded; additionally, it's thought
that biking will become a more popular means of transport, and creating safer bike
lanes that are separate from car lanes will be a necessity.
In regards to the environment, planners may seek inspirations from places like
Stockholm, which trends ahead of the curve in regard to forward-thinking
environmental sustainability strategies.
Other countries, like China and Singapore, are working in tandem to create so-
called "eco-cities" like Tianjin, currently being developed 93 miles (150 km) outside of
Beijing. The city could house some 350,000 people and aims to be sustainable by
using renewable energy, green building practices, water recycling, a green public
transportation system, and preserving existing wetlands and biodiversity
Finally, technology will play a role in the considerations of urban planners. As
development strives to meet the needs of a growing population while remaining
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sustainable, smart technologies should be integrated that can heighten energy
efficiency, maintain public security and alleviate congestion. The technologies used
might include video telecommunications, wireless sensors, wireless processors or
mobile telecommunications. Many, if not most, of these technologies already exist,
but aren't being implemented, often because of the fragmentation among the
various offices of city governments. Future urban planning will need to address
smoother communication among governing bodies to help implement their plans,
whether they be technological or environmental.
Town with highly advanced technological systems
Efficient and systematic transportations has to be implemented in order to
smooth the connectivity process among the citizens in town.
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The New “X” Town - Aindcrad
The newly proposed town will be situated at Perak . The proposed development will
be laid on an approximate land area of 30 km² with an existing lake and
together with a proposed man made lake. The existing lake will be
designated to be located at the recreational ground of the town, whereby
the other man made lake will be designated to be located at the central
region of the proposed town. The town will be based on a radial grid system
zoning method in terms of urban planning. As an overall, it consists of four
main wings which includes the North Wing, South wing, Agricultural Wing and
also the Industrial Wing which circulates the lake at the central region of the
town. The entry point of the town is situated at the Eastern side of the town.
(i) Land area : approx. 30km²
(ii) Built up area : approx. 23km²
(iii) Lake area : - man made : approx. 4km²
- existing : approx. 3km²
(iv) Population : approx. 120,000 - 150,000
The name of the proposed town is named Aindcrad. It is an abbreviation of
three words, An Incarnating Radius. As the name suggested, it will hope to
stay incarnated as possible, leaving the people of the town to stay as united,
peaceful and strong no matter what comes. The shape of the central region
of the town symbolises a circle and hence defining it into a radius. As for the
two lakes which are the man made lake and the exiting lake, they are
named Aindcrad Lake 1 and Aindcrad Lake 2 respectively which basically
named after the township, whereby the central park will be named Alpheim
Park due to the nature landscaping that will be offered which will plan and
hope to create a soothing atmosphere in the town itself.
PROPOSED CONCEPT
Smartly integrated, vast connections and linkage which circulates the town,
environmental friendly and sustainable living environment.
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Eco- friendly - nature conservation and preservation.
Energy saving .Space utilization. Built form design
and landscaping
criteria
Built form design
and landscaping
criteria

AIM
To implement and emphasize on green and sustainable living for different aspect
which will in one way or another benefit the people.
The main focus of the town is to serve as a recreational business based town. In this
context, the main source of economy is business based on recreational items ,
goods, items as well as activities charged on tourist and also the local community.
For this proposed town, the recreational ground is the main attraction along with
Alpheim Park which is located at the central region of the town. The recreational
ground which features its approx. area of 3km2 Aindcrad Lake 2, it offers water
sports activities, boating competitions and also international events hosted from
round the globe. The ground also offers recreational spaces for people from all walks
of life to relax and have fun around the township.
Apart from that Alpheim Park also features a man made lake which is named
Aindcrad Lake 1. The particular lake is segregated into two parts, namely
recreational lake and also fishing quay. The fishing quay emphasize of fisheries and
activities related to it. This is also part of the recreational activities that the park has
to offer. Besides, the large central park not only have various activities and places
for the local community to chill and relax but also to enjoy the scenic view of the
undisturbed nature within the town as it is inaccessible for transports.
Therefore, the business is based on selling recreational goods and also from business
from recreational activities. This is the main source of economy to sustain the
liveability of the town.
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Recreational spaces.
Recreational spaces.
User Friendliness

An impression view of the lake situated in the middle of the town’s central
park - Alpheim

The Master Plan of the Proposed Town - AINDCRAD
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As shown as above illustrated the overall Master Plan of the newly proposed
town – AINDCRAD which shows the Main Gateway which serves as an entry
point ( East ) into the town. In it there are two lakes respectively. It shows the
green spaces as well the Alpheim Park as well all layout of buildings along
with the circulation and connectivity of the town.
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Sub Monorail Station
Railway (Monorail)
Bus Trails & Lanes
Express ways
Roads
Agricultural Zone Railway ( Monorail )
High Retaining Wall
Municipal Boundary
Lake Segregator
Houses [LCR]
Religious Buildings
Clinic / Medical Centre
Community Hall
Convenient Sores
Houses [HCR]
Government Buildings
Institutions / Researching Facilities / Schools
Shopping Malls
Police Station
Fire Brigade
Condominiums
Shop lots
Shopping Complexes
Solar Farms & Windmills
Warehouses
Factories

OVERALL CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW
An illustration showing the cross sectional cut out view, viewed from the
Transportation Central Hub, Energy & Retreatment Plant, Agriculture and Food
Storage Hub, and also the Sub Monorail Station. Beneath the town illustrates a long
tube connected from above the Energy & Water Retreatment Plant towards
beneath the ground upon reaching towards [ LG2 ]. It serves as a connector tube to
the retreatment facility as it gather wastes from [ LG2 ] and retreats it. After
retreating it and converting it into grey water, it is then transported to [LG1] to further
enhance the filtering process to enhance the quality and usability of the water. After
the filtration process, it is finally transported to the ground level of the Energy &
Retreatment Plant to add minerals and final revaluation of water before it distributes
the water accordingly based on the weightages of distribution needed for the water
, throughout the town.
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ZONING & SPACES OF AINDCRAD
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Recreational Ground
Alpheim Park
Agriculture Zone
Low Cost Residential Zone [LCR]
High Cost Residential Zone [HCR]
Central Business District [CBD]
Light Industrial Zone [LIZ]

OVERVIEW OF ZONING OF AIDNCRAD
The town is mainly divided into 6 zones, which are recreational ground, high cost
residential zone [HCR], low class residential zone [LCR], Agriculture Zone, Light
Industrial Zone [LIZ] and also Central Business District [CBD]. The arrangement and
designation of the zones in the town are positioned in a way which will ensure the
convenience of the local community and thus enhance connectivity throughout the
town.
RECREATIONAL GROUND
The recreational ground is one of the main attractions in Aindcrad as a recreational
business based town. The recreational ground will feature three docks for boating
purposes which offers various boating activities to enhance recreational lifestyle of
the local community and also the tourists. Besides, it has a deck which offers fisheries
activities to enhance the leisure and pleasure of the local community. Apart from
that, the recreational ground also offers a deck for outdoor water sports. This is to
ensure that youngsters in the local community are also being emphasized on. Lastly
the Recreational Ground will also feature the second lake in the town – Aindcrad
Lake 2 which is a natural man made lake which is left untouched during the
development and construction process. All in all, the recreational ground provides
designated places and facilities which offers various types of outdoor recreational
activities and is located right beside the Main Gateway of the town. [ Right side,
North East ] This is to ensure that noise pollution does not affect the inlands of the
residential area and to ensure easy access as it is accessible right from the entry
point of the town.
AGRICULTURE ZONE
As stated, the agriculture zone serves to produce food supply to sustain the town’s
people. The agriculture zone is vast and wide and it stretches from the Western end
of Alpheim Park till the Western end of the town. [ West ] It is approximately the size
of the Light Industrial Area. The location is positioned in the sense that it is far away
from the CBD, Recreational Ground and also LIZ. This is to reduce contamination of
agricultural products due to environmental pollution mainly from the LIZ and CBD
zones. It is also located this way to ensure that the public will not have access to the
agricultural zone. This is also to ensure less pollutants to pollute the green product of
the agricultural zone.
LOW COST RESIDENTIAL ZONE [LCR]
The Low Cost Residential Zone [ LCR] is separated into two parts which is basically
segregated by the Agricultural Zone and also part of Alpheim Park. It is located at
North West and South West parts of the town. [ North West, South West ] The land
area for the Low Cost Residential Zone is the largest among all zones. This is to ensure
that there will be sufficient affordable houses for the local community. The location
of the Low Cost Residential Zone is positioned this way in the sense that the local
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community can have an overall view of the town and also the town’s head leading
park. The stated zone is also situated this way in the sense that they can enjoy the
soothing atmosphere, further away from the hustle and bustle of the CBD zone and
LIZ zone. Both of the LCR zones are positioned adjacent to the linear parks which is
stretched and branched out from Alpheim Park. This is to provide the leisure of
walking and outdoor recreational activities among the local community which
surrounds the zone. This will in turn enhance the walkability pleasure among the local
community and hence making it more sustainable. Throughout the two zones, local
services centres are positioned in a way it will ensure the local community’s
convenience one way or the other. It comprises religious centres, community halls,
clinics and also convenient stores.
HIGH COST RESIDENTIAL ZONE [HCR]
The HCR zone is located adjacent to the North West Zoned LCR .[ North East ] The
linear park at the North point of the town segregates the two zones. The HCR zone is
located this way to ensure that the residents can enjoy the picturesque view for both
the Recreational Ground and also Alpheim Park. Besides is also located nearer to
the Transport Central Hub to ensure the convenience of connectivity for the
residents during normal working hours. Besides, the HCR zone offers a long streak of
promenade waterfront facing Aindcrad Lake 1 in Alpheim Park. This will ensure the
comfort and sustainable living of the local residents. As what is provided in the LCR
zone, HCR zone too has community halls, religious centres, clinics and also
convenient stores.
CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT [CBD]
This zone is the busiest part of the town and is located adjacent to the LIZ zone.
[ South East ] The CBD is located this way to ensure the convenience of labours to
move about in between the CBD area and also LIZ area. This is to save time during
working hours and to reduce traffic congestions during peak periods. The CBD will
comprise of various genres of malls featuring different shopping experience,
shopping complexes, normal shop lots, government buildings and offices, police
departments, fire departments, educational hub and institutes with research facilities
etc.. These various kinds of facilities and buildings will ensure and enhance the job
opportunity of the local community and thus increasing the local income of the
town. The CBD zone is also laid in front of the a promenade waterfront which is a
continuous streak from the promenade in the HCR zone. The local community can
get to relax at the waterfront after hectic working hours and thus enjoy the scenery
of the park.
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL ZONE [LIZ]
Only Light Industrial Zone is featured in this town as to reduce the effect of pollutions
towards the eco-friendly environment and sustainable living. The LIZ zone is located
right opposite of the Recreational Ground which is the left side of the main gateway.
[ South East ] The LIZ zone is mainly based on the manufacture of recreational based
items and equipment. This area consists of factories, warehouses and also fields for
solar and biomass energy to enhance the usage of renewable and environmental
friendly resources.
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ALPHEIM PARK
It is located at the central region of the town and it features a large man made lake
– Aindcrad Lake 1, 4 branched out linear parks, park boardwalk, cycling trails,
relaxation kiosks and also vast varieties of plants and vegetation. The lake is
segregated into two parts, the recreational area and also the fishing quay. The
fishing quay is a smaller sized area distribution and it serves to let the local
community to enhance their hobby of fishing while relaxing in the park at the same
time. The wharf of the fishing quay is located next to the CBD management hub
which can also be access via the promenade waterfront above. In the middle of
Alpheim Park is the Energy & Water Retreatment Plant where major waterworks are
being carried out. It is, however separated and inaccessible for the public as it is not
authorised. The entire park including the branched out linear parks are inaccessible
for automobiles and other transportation and it is entirely replaced by jogging trails
and also bicycle lanes. This is to ensure that no pollution is caused within the park
and also to enhance the pleasure of walkability within the natural environment of
the park.
Illustrations and Images of an impression of Aindcrad
Waterfront Promenade Aindcrad Lake 1 ( Alpheim Park )
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Transport Central Hub Recreational Ground
TOPOGRAPHY, TERRAIN & POPULATION DISTRIBUTION OF AINDCRAD
Depth Distribution
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Flat terrain
Sloppy hills
Tilted edges
Medium terrain
Deep terrain
Base terrain
Shallow
Moderate
Deep
The town is not based on a piece of flat land,
but on a sloppy terrain which later on is
further modified to suit the needs and
requirements of the functions and the
buildings in the town. The main land where
most of the buildings are situated is located
on flat terrain. Gradually going inwards
towards the central region is getting deeper
and steeper as the inland part of the town is
being shaped naturally by different varieties
of landscapes. As for the Recreational Ground
and the Agriculture Zone, it is shaped lower
deeper to allow mitigation of water to take
place to retain the water.

Population Distribution
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Flat terrain
Flat terrain
Low Population
Medium Population
Population
High Population
Very High Population
Low Density
Medium Density
High Density
Dense
The population distribution of the town is
mainly denser in the centralized part of the
town. In this case it’s the CBD zone. This is
because CBD zone is the center for business,
commerce and also administrative buildings
and offices. Here, the local community work
and gather around and hence making it the
densest part of the town. On the other hand,
agriculture zone is the lowest in population.
The land will be only mainly populated by
farmers and agriculture workers, without any
common citizens living in that zone of town,
thus making it the least dense among all of
the zones in Aindcrad.

GREEN AREA DISTRIBUTION OF AINDCRAD
30
As shown in the illustration above is the green
spaces distributed equally throughout the
town. This is to ensure that the greeneries are
implemented at places where local citizens
have easy access to it and thus cut down time
of arrival and hence increase the walkability
throughout the town. Besides, by increasing the
size of green spaces, green lung spaces will be
increased as well, and thus neutralizing the
effect of pollution from vehicles and also
pollutants produced from LIZ. Green spaces also
serves as spaces to enhance recreational
activities among the local communities and
indirectly mending their own social life.

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM & CONNECTIVITY OF AINDCRAD
31
Agricultural Zone Railway
- Main route to connect
Agricultural Zone
throughout the town
- Branched out from the
Transport Central Hub
Expressway
- Act as a highway and
connects the outer part
of the town
- Ensure time saving and
convenience of citizens
Sub Monorail
Station
- Allow pick
up & drop
off from
different
parts of
town
- Serves as
transit
zone
between
monorails
Bus Trails & Lanes
- Stretches
throughout all
parts of town
which act as
another mean of
public transport
- Stops by every Sub
Monorail Station to
allow transit from
monorails to buses
Roads
- Main trail of
transportation for
private
automobiles
- Connects all inner
parts of the town
which are branched
out from the
expressways, bus
trails and lanes
Transport Central Hub
- Serves as the hub for all
public transportations,
initiates and coordinate
all throughout the town
- Divides monorails into 4
parts - North, South,
Agricultural and
Industrial Zone
Main Gateway
- Main road leading
into Aindcrad
Town
- Connects
industrial zones
and recreational
ground and act as
a bypass between
both zones
Railway [Monorail]
- Stretches
throughout
the town and
transport
citizens
- Circulates the
entire town
and comes
back and
forth to fit
different

ROAD LANE DISRIBUTION OF AINDCRAD
FOOTPATH CYCLE LANE CAR LANE BUS LANES CAR LANE CYCLE LANE
2000mm 1800mm 3800mm 6400mm 3800mm 1800mm
32
FOOTPATH
To ensure the
safety of
pedestrians
along the road.
To enhance and
encourage
walkability
around the
town.
Connected
throughout the
town along all
roads and
expressways.
Fitted with rest
places,
recreational
kiosks and tree
pits.
To enhance the
pleasure of
CYCLE LANE
To ensure the
safety of the
cyclist.
To enhance the
pleasure of cycling
in the local
community.
Built on both sides
on the
expressways.
Part of the road
BUS LANES
A public
transportation
which is
connected
throughout the
town.
Circulates the
town to enhance
the usability of
public
transportation.
Specific lane for
public buses to
avoid road
congestion and
traffic congestion.
CAR LANE
One lane car lane.
To reduce the
usage of private
automobiles.
Connected from
roads to
expressways in the
town.
Separated with
another car lane.
To reduce the
speed of car to
ensure the safety
of pedestrians.

TYPES OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM OF AINDCRAD
To enhance mobility and connectivity
33
Monorail System
Accommodates numerous
number of citizens and
transport the citizens back and
forth the town throughout
every zones in town which
saves time, reduce traffic
congestions and is user friendly
yet environmental friendly.
Underground Subway System
Fast speed rapid monorail
which is operating beneath the
town. It is a linkage of fast
speed rapid monorail which
transport citizens form zones to
zones of the town underground
to reach their destinations
without having to face the fear
of traffic congestions.

34
Roads & Private Automobiles
Self owned transport which allows
the local community to drive
around freely throughout the town
as the roads connects the inner
parts of the town which gradually
leads to the expressways of the
towns and hence leading the
citizens to main zones of the town.
The roads are mainly only for
private automobiles and also
public buses to reduce the issue on
road congestions.
Bus Lanes & Public Buses
Bus lanes & trails are being
implemented throughout the town
specifically only for buses. This is
to ensure that traffic congestion
will be reduced and thus always
encourage the usability of public
transportation. This way, pollution
around the town can be reduced
and hence ensure the
sustainability of eco- friendly
environment in terms of
transportation and connectivity
around the town.

TOWN ENHANCEMENT & SUSTAINABLE APPROACHES
Some of the town enhancement strategies that will be implemented onto Aindcrad
Town is the Solar Transportation, Solar Farms and also Biomass Renewable Energy.
These ways act as alternatives in terms of supplying energy source throughout the
whole town. Besides, mobile Recycling System will be implemented throughout
certain parts of major and busiest zones of the towns. Not to forget the
implementations of linear parks to be included into the greenery of the town.
1) Forests can absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis.
2) Forests can be harvested sustainably to produce biomass ( contains
waster bi-products produced by carbon dioxide gas.
3) Biomass can be converted into heat and useful energy.
4) Carbon dioxide is released back into the atmosphere and thus
allowing this useful, pragmatic and sustainable cycle to be repeated
all over again.
The biomass renewable energy can serve as an alternative way to produce
and generate energy for instance electrical energy for domestic and
industrial purposes in a way to substitute water energy in the long run. This
can ensure water supply from the lake can always be sufficient for other
important uses in the town.
35
BIOMASS RENEWABLE
ENERGY
Make use of the existing forest
area surrounding the town and
utilize the forests into
renewable energy.
Implement factories regarding
biomass energy near forests
which are located at the LIZ
zone of the town.
Convert biomass energy and
bi-product into useful energy
to contribute to the town’s
utilities.

This will ensure sustainable and eco-friendly way of living in the town without
causing any harm to the health of the local community and also to the
environment.
1) Solar panels absorb UV rays and store inside its panel as heat energy.
2) The heat energy gradually turn into kinetic energy when it heats up
and thus is used to generate power in the bus, making it moves using
kinetic energy initially produce via heat energy from the sun.
3) The same concept applies onto the monorails as the kinetic energy will
generate movement onto the magnetic tracks of the monorail and its
railways, causing it to move independently without the use of
electricity.
Solar transportation is one of the major green approaches in terms of
transportation in the town and hence will ensure sustainable mobility and
connectivity around the town. Utilizing the benefits of solar panels wisely like
implementing it onto transportations will certainly save energy and thus
making the public transportation in Aindcrad green and sustainable yet eco-
friendly.
This is because it does not require and will not cause any further wastage of
energy but reusing available energy provided via solar energy which is
pollution free.
36
SOLAR TRANSPORT
Using renewable energy - solar
thermal energy onto public
transportation.
Enhance the usability and
sustainability of public
transportations in the town.
Solar thermal panels will be
implemented onto frequently
used public transportation to
reduce energy wastage.

37
SOLAR FARMING
By using solar farming in the
new township, it will ensure
convenience, affordability, high
usability and also energy saving.
By having solar farms, it can
substitute the role of the lake as
the main source of energy to
generate electricity. In the long
run, it will be advantageous to
the lake as the lake would not
face the issue of water shortage.
Solar farming can in turn
generates electricity for both
domestic and industrial uses. By
doing so, it will not only saves
energy but yet will guarantee
pollution free generation of
power as it is entirely eco-
friendly.
The solar panels implemented in the solar farm will
absorb UV rays from the Sun and put to temporary
storage within the cells in the solar panels. After the
cells are fully heated up until a certain amount of
temperature, it will gradually convert into kinetic
energy which will be transported into the central part
of the town where the main substation are located
and hence only then the generated electrical energy
will be equally distributed accordingly based on their
weightages to residential zones, CBD and also
industrial zones throughout the town.

An image illustrating a solar farm which will be implemented onto Aindcrad
Town.
By emphasizing on nature, hence this will encourage and increase the
walkability of the local community throughout the town and thus carry out
daily recreational activities.
Due to the absence of roads in the parks, hence no any means of
transportations are allowed in the park area. This will ensure that the
atmosphere and the natural environment of the park is not polluted by
vehicles’ pollutant.
38
LINEAR PARKS
It will be implemented along the
residential areas and also in
between the residential and
agricultural zones.
There will be no roads or
expressways whatsoever being
built in the parks as this will
disrupts the whole purpose of
the whole existence of the park,
that is to emphasize the life of
getting back to nature, to
reduce the distance between
the local community and nature.

An image illustrating a typical linear park which will be implemented into
Aindcrad Town.
39
MOBILE RECYCLING STATION
Its serves to encourage the local
community to recycle instead of
just dumping useful and
reusable wastes into the
garbage.
It is mobile so it can be placed a
anywhere throughout the town
and thus allowing the citizens to
recycle wastes wherever and
whenever they are.
1) Processed items are collected to
manufactured into useful items .
2) Collection of trash and recyclable
wastes throughout the town and thus
send it to the recycling center to be
sorted and classified before
undergoing different processes.

GREEN PLANS OF AINDCRAD
Green plan, as the name suggested are plans on how to implement green
technology onto an infrastructure of a town. It also serves to become and develop
into sustainable approaches for the town to enhance comfort and quality of living
along with environmental-friendly technologies. Henceforth, there are several green
implementations which will be proposed and later on, implemented onto the town
which will also serves to provide sustainable living.
40
An image illustrating a typical
mobile recycling station which
will be implemented into
Aindcrad Town.
RAINWATER HARVESTING
Purpose :
To save water consumption and over reliant towards the water
supply from the lake as its supply is limited, to reuse water which
has been retreated and hence saves resources.
Benefits :
It provides an independent water supply during regional water
restrictions and in developed countries is often used to
supplement the main supply. It provides water when there is a
drought, can help mitigate flooding of low-lying areas and enable
ground water levels to be sustained. It also helps in the
availability of potable water as rainwater is substantially free of
salinity and other salts.
It is actually the accumulation of
deposition of rainwater into a specific
tank for temporary storage before it can
be reuse due to slight contamination of
water.
An image of cistern for
rainwater storage purpose.

41
URBAN AGRICULTURE
Purpose :
To save water consumption and practice
and implement the technology of reusing
treated water for vegetative agriculture
purposes.
Benefits :
It will enhance the productivity and the
quality of the vegetative product as the
water used to water products are treated
accordingly based on standard medium to
suit different types of vegetation,
considering the fact of different
typography, temperature and also climate.
It is the accumulations of water from the gutter
(rainwater) and hence being treated using different types
of suitable medium and nutrient to suit the growth of
vegetation. After that, the treated medium is placed into
a pot which are attached to pipes beneath the flower
pots and hence used to water the vegetation either
manually or by using sprinklers.
An image showing a typical layout of
urban agriculture with potted base.

42
ROOFTOP GARDEN
Purpose :
Besides the decorative benefit, roof
plantings have the purpose to provide
food, temperature control, hydrological
benefits, architectural enhancement, and
also recreational opportunities. The
practice of cultivating food on the rooftop
of buildings is sometimes referred to
as rooftop farming which usually consist
green roof, hydroponics, aeroponics or air-
dynaponics systems or container gardens.
Benefits :
It will enhance the local community to
become self reliant. They can grow their
self owned agriculture crops and sustain
their own lives. Besides, roof gardens roles
are very significant as they serves to
reduce the temperature of the urban area
and hence provide humidity around the
town. Henceforth it serves to reduce heat
around the urban area and thus reduce
energy consumption.
An illustration showing a typical rooftop of a
commercial block having rooftop garden
being implemented onto its roof.

Rooftop gardens are being implemented in the town to let the local
community emphasize on green living and encourage self vegetation. It also
serves as a technique on space utilization in the highly congested urban area
and to prevent landscaping congestion. It also serves as a wise way to fully
utilize the empty space of the roof.
43
URBAN GREENHOUSE
Purpose :
The enhance the quality and quantity of
the productivity of agricultural products in
the town in a short amount of tie to cope
with the demand of food due to due to
dense population.
Benefits :
The agricultural product and quantity will
be able to cope with the dense population
of the town and at the same time
producing a large quantity of high quality
product for the local community and also
to be exported to enhance local income.
The urban greenhouse that will be implementing onto
the town will emphasize the usage of organic fertilizers
onto self produce vegetation. Daylight conservation will
also be implemented onto the vegetation method in
order to enhance the speed of growth and the quality of
the product. The urban greenhouse are proposed to be
implemented on rooftops of commercial blocks and also
in the agricultural zone of the town itself.
An illustration showing a urban greenhouse
which is being implemented onto the
rooftops of one of the buildings.

A typical scenario on the Green Implementations on buildings in Aidncrad
- The proposed town will be going to implement rooftop gardens at zones and places which
are likely to suffer from urban heat island effect, which in this case CBD buildings and LIZ
buildings are most likely to occur. Therefore, green roofs / rooftop gardens are to be focus
on buildings in those two zones.
- Green façade or in other words vertical gardens are to implemented onto commercial blocks
for instance shop lots and normal shopping complexes. This is to reduce the urban heat
temperature around the zones which have denser populations and congested area.
44

- Solar panels are likely to be implemented onto house in High Cost Residential Zone (HCR).
This is because the installation of solar panels are costly and very unlikely to be
implemented onto houses in Low Cost residential Zone (LCR). Besides, the main aim to
implement the solar panels onto houses is to ensure that the local community utilize energy
wisely and do not waste heat energy and electricity in household area for domestic uses.
- Rooftop Urban Greenhouse will be implemented on the rooftops of shopping malls to allow
customers to stroll on the rooftop while getting close to nature. This is also a wise way to
utilize the empty space on top of a roof. Besides, the urban greenhouse is also to be
implemented onto the Agriculture Zone. This is to increase the productivity and the quality
of the agricultural products.
- Rainwater harvesting should be implemented onto every houses in order to save water
supply and in preparation of emergencies like water restriction and water crisis.
[LG1] WATERWORKS & UNDERGROUND PIPING SYSTEM
This is where water supply is collected from the sewerage system beneath
[LG2] and is filtered once more before being distributed to all household and
industrial zones for own uses.
45
Sub Water Treatment Plant
- A sub water storage
and treatment plant
to avoid water being
contaminated and
transported around
the town.

[LG2] Water Wastes & Sewerage Piping System
This is the base of all the water supply throughout the whole town. Here all
wastes and sewerage is being accumulated and collected from each sub
wastes storages and is then transported to the waste management &
46
Main Water Pipes
- Main water pipes
which is branched out
from the Energy &
Water Treatment
Plant
- Stretches throughout
the town and transfer
clean water source
Energy & Water Treatment
Plant
- Main hub to treat the
water from the lake to
distribute to the local
community.
- Storage place for
water sources to
ensure sufficient
water supply.
- Use water as an
alternative source of
Sub Water Pipes
- Act as a sub pipe
which is branched out
from the main water
pipes.
- Circulates the whole
town and transfer
retreated water from

sewerage hub and only after the first stage of filtration, then it is transported
upwards to LG1 for further retreatment.
Perspective View from the Main Gateway of the town, East Entry Point
47
Waste Management & Sewerage
System Hub
- To treat the wastes from all
zones of the town and to act
as a temporary storage space
for wastes and treated water.
- To transfer treated wastes
into usable water resources
to LG1 - the water treatment
plant, to retreat all water to
be transferred to all zones of
the town.
Sub wastes Storages
- To act as a temporary
storage for wastes
surrounding the town
and branches out via
the pipes of the
sewerage system and
transfer all wastes
from all zones to the
waste management &
sewerage system hub
to be further
retreated.
Main Sewerage pipes
- Circulates and
stretches throughout
the underground
system of the town,
collecting industrial ,
agricultural and also
domestic wastes and
transferring it to the
sub wastes storages to
be temporarily stored
for retreatment
process.

Conclusion
48

Through the process of this assignment, I had obtain a clearer and deeper
understanding on the importance of efficient and systematic urban planning in order to
build a good and efficient future town. In order to develop a deeper understanding towards
the different kinds of cities whether it is an ancient city, present city, lost city and etc. In
order to clarify this statement , I have to carry out deep and refine researches based on the
topic. Apart from that, after obtaining the information needed, I would have to carry out
analytical and comprehensive understanding towards the information found and thus
eliminate and obtain useful points which is suitable and adequate for the assignments given.
Apart from that, I have to carry out detailed analysis and interpretation on the
problems faced by each different types of towns and cities and brainstorm on ways to solve
the problems. Upon the process on producing this proposal, I had come to attention on the
importance of efficient planning in order to make the town sustainable and livable. In this
context, I should pay more attention on implementing green approaches onto township
planning in order to make it sustainable and livable for all people from all walks of life. I also
come to attention that eco-friendly town is very important to sustain the daily activities of
the local community and hence should be the primary key in the proposed town.
Reference Links
49

(i) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (2013) Rainwater Harvesting
System, Available at : http://www.water.gov.my/our-services-mainmenu-
252/urban-stormwater/sistem-penuaian-air-hujan-spah-mainmenu-
965?lang=en (Accessed : 14 July 2014 )
(ii) Solar Trade Association (n.d.) Solar Farm, Available at : http://www.solar-
trade.org.uk/solarFarms.cfm ( Accessed : 11 July 2014 )
(iii) World Food Summit (1996) Water Utilization Intensity, Available at :
http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/w2612e/w2612eMap11-e.pdf ( Accessed
: 12 July 2014 )
(iv) Clearview (2014) Clearview Community Planning, Available at :
http://www.clearview.ca/home/municipal-services/planning ( Accessed
at : 12 July 2014)
50

ENBE Project 2 ( Final Project ) - Built Environments ~ A Better Future Town

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