ANATOMY

1. LUNGS &
BRONCHOPULMONARY
SEGMENTS
Shyambabu. P. Rauniyar
Lecturer
Dept of Anatomy
04/01/2015

2. LUNGS
 A pair of respiratory
organs situated in the
thoracic cavity and
invaginate into the
corresponding pleural
sac.
 Lungs are soft, spongy
and elastic
 Colour – rosy pink in
new born & dark gray
in adult.

3. GROSS FEATURES
 Shape – conical
 Weight – right –
700gm & left –
600gm ie. right is
heavier than left
lung
 Parts –apex, base,
surface - costal &
medial,
borders - anterior,
posterior & inferior

4. SURFACES & BORDERS

5. COSTAL SURFACE

6. LOBES & FISSURES
 Right lung: 3 lobes
 Upper lobe
 Middle lobe
 Lower lobe
Horizontal fissure
Oblique fissure
 Left lung: 2 lobes
 Upper lobe
 Lower lobe
Oblique fissure
6

7. STRUCTURES SEEN IN THE MEDIAL SURFACE OF LUNGS

10.  Hilus or (hilum)
 Indentation on mediastinal (medial) surface
 Place where blood vessels, bronchi, lymph vessel, and
nerves enter and exit the lung
 “Root” of the lung
 Above structures attaching lung to mediastinum
 Main ones: pulmonary artery and veins and main
bronchus
10
Medial view R lung Medial view of L lung

11. BLOOD SUPPLY
ARTERIAL SUPPLY VENOUS DRAINAGE
 Right side – one bronchial
artery branch from third
right posterior intercostal
artery
 Left side – two bronchial
arteries both are branch
from descending thoracic
aorta.
 Two bronchial veins on
each side.
 Right drain into azygos
vein.
 Left drain into hemiazygos
vein.

12. THE BRONCHIAL TREE
 System of tubes
formed from the
primary bronchi and
their branches is called
bronchial tree.
 Cartilage in walls
decrease and
smooth muscle
increase with
branching

13. Figure 23.10a
THE BRONCHI AND LOBULES OF THE LUNG
 Primary bronchi branch
into secondary or lobar
bronchi
 Secondary bronchus
goes to each lobe of
the lungs
 Secondary bronchi
branch into tertiary
bronchi
 Tertiary bronchi supply
air to a single
bronchopulmonary
segment

15. CHARACTERISTICS OF BRONCHOPULMONARY
SEGMENT
 The anatomic, functional, and surgical units
of the lung is known as bronchopulmonary
segments .
 Each segment receives air from an individual
segmental (tertiary) bronchus
 Approximately 10 bronchopulmonary segments
in each lung

16.  Each segments are pyramid shaped, with
its apex toward the lung root
 It has a segmental bronchus, a segmental
artery, lymph vessels, and autonomic
nerves
 The segmental vein lies in the connective
tissue between adjacent
bronchopulmonary segments

18. RIGHT LUNG
 Superior lobe:
Apical,
posterior,
anterior
 Middle lobe:
Lateral,
medial
 Inferior lobe:
Superior (apical),
medial basal,
anterior basal,
lateral basal,
posterior basal

19. LEFT LUNG
 Superior lobe:
Apical,
posterior,
anterior,
superior lingular,
inferior lingular
 Inferior lobe:
Superior (apical),
medial basal,
anterior basal,
lateral basal,
posterior basal

21.  On entering a bronchopulmonary segment,
each segmental bronchus divides repeatedly.
 The segmental bronchus is accompanied by a
branch of the pulmonary artery ie each
segment has separate artery.
 Pulmonary vein do not accompanied the
bronchi or arteries.
 Each segment has its own lymphatic vessels
and autonomic nerve supply.