Power and Inequality in Open Science Discourses - Denisse Albornoz - OpenCon 2017

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Right to Research

This presentation by Denisse Albornoz was part of OpenCon 2017's Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in Open Research and Open Education panel.

POWER AND INEQUALITY IN OPEN
SCIENCE DISCOURSES

Red de Ciencia Abierta y Colaborativa
para el Desarrollo

SOURCE: Open and Collaborative Science Manifesto

• University researchers
• Social movement activists
• K-12 students
• Farmers
• Indigenous communities
• Women in rural areas
• Hackers and OH movement
COMMUNITIES WORKING WITH OCSDNET

SOURCE: Open and Collaborative Science Manifesto

GAP
SOURCE: Open and Collaborative Science Manifesto

OPEN SCIENCE POLICIES / POLITICAS DE CIENCIA ABIERTA
OECD (2015)
An effort by researchers, governments, research funding agencies and the
scientific community to make the outputs of publicly funded research
results […] accessible in digital format with no or minimal restriction
Dakar Declaration on Open Science in Africa (2017)
Open Science is a means not an end – much more than just open access to
publications or data. It includes many stages of research processes,
enabling full reproducibility and re-usability of scientific results”

LIBER Statement on Enabling Open Science (2014)
A first step towards strengthening the global competitiveness of European
research
Mallorca Open Science (2017)
Open Science is essential to fully achieve its target knowledge and innovation
based economy

What assumptions are embedded in these definitions?
Whose interests are they serving?
And whose interests are they neglecting?

1- Open Science is a historically produced discourse
openness is not inherently positive or neutral
embedded in historical legacies and social struggles
de-contextualizing openness =
erasing experiences those who have been harmed by it
situated openness: recognizing context, power and history
whose histories count?

2- Open Science as a practice of social transformation
consider social and political dimensions of knowledge and technology
nurturing human and social networks
economic value vs. social value
question of distribution in global capitalism
who benefits from this logic?

3 - Open Science asks who is left behind
knowledge production remains uneven and unequal
barriers of gender, race, socioeconomic status, and ability
legitimacy of community-based knowledge and inquiries
lowering barriers to participation
who defines research agendas?

stay critical

@know_gap

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This presentation by Carol Muñoz Nieves was part of OpenCon 2017's Next-Generation Initiatives Advancing Open panel. The project “Assessing Current Practices in Review, Promotion and Tenure (RPT) Across the United States and Canada” departs from the belief that the adoption of open access and other open science principles among academics would be more widespread if ‘being open’ was explicitly rewarded in career progression of university professors. In the case of Canadian and American institutions of higher education, career progression generally takes the form of reviews of faculty’s work, promotions, and the achievement of tenure—a permanent, lifetime, position at an institution that cannot be terminated, except under crucial circumstances. The importance placed on the RPT process by all faculty suggests that changes in the policy documents and guidelines that inform these practices may provide the impetus for behavioral change, leading to broader interest and adoption of open access values. In the context of a broad and ongoing project, this presentation will focus in some of the results of the content analysis of 864 RPT guidelines and forms of 129 institutions across the US and Canada. These finding will hopefully provide baseline knowledge for thinking in actualized ways of effecting change towards a greater opening of research in North American universities.

Assessing Current Practices in Academic Review, Promotion, and Tenure across ...

Assessing Current Practices in Academic Review, Promotion, and Tenure across ...

Assessing Current Practices in Academic Review, Promotion, and Tenure across ...

Right to Research

This presentation by Laurent Gatto was part of OpenCon 2017's Next-Generation Initiatives Advancing Open panel. The #BulliedIntoBadScience campaign was initiated after several attempts to influence publishing practices at the University of Cambridge and in the UK. However, it seems at times impossible for academics, early stage and more senior, to change a broken system that is, sadly, just accepted by most. During this OpenCon 2017 Panel, Laurent shared some of the background of the #BulliedIntoBadScience campaign and reflected on early career researchers' challenges in fighting for a more ethical environment.

I won't be #BulliedIntoBadScience! - Laurent Gatto - OpenCon 2017

I won't be #BulliedIntoBadScience! - Laurent Gatto - OpenCon 2017

I won't be #BulliedIntoBadScience! - Laurent Gatto - OpenCon 2017

Right to Research

This presentation by Robin Champieux was part of OpenCon 2017's Next-Generation Initiatives Advancing Open panel. How do you build a university culture of open science, one that isn't motivated by top-down policies, but shared understandings of knowledge production and communication? Robin Champieux spoke about the work she's been doing with students, early career researchers, and faculty to engage and build grassroots support for open science and the outcomes it can drive through educational opportunities, partnerships, and community events. She shared the rewards and challenges of leading an open advocacy initiate with inspiring, but often unconventional successes and how she and her collaborators are thinking about the future of their work.

Rooting the Future of Open Research: Working for an Open Science University —...

Rooting the Future of Open Research: Working for an Open Science University —...

Rooting the Future of Open Research: Working for an Open Science University —...

Right to Research

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FlourishOA - Ashley Farley - OpenCon 2017

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Open Access Bangladesh - M. Monirul Islam - OpenCon 2017

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Mustard, as a crop, is susceptible to a variety of pests that can affect its growth and yield. Here’s a rundown of some common pests that target mustard plants: Aphids: These small, sap-sucking insects can cause significant damage by feeding on the leaves and stems. Aphids also excrete a sticky substance known as honeydew, which can lead to the growth of sooty mold on the plants. Flea Beetles: These tiny beetles jump like fleas when disturbed and chew small holes in the leaves. They are particularly damaging in the early growth stages of the plant. Cabbage Loopers: The larvae of a type of moth, these caterpillars are known for their distinctive looping movement. They chew large holes in the leaves and can defoliate plants if present in large numbers. Diamondback Moth Larvae: Another caterpillar pest, these larvae chew small holes in the leaves and can cause extensive damage, especially when infestations are heavy. Whiteflies: These are tiny, winged insects that feed on plant sap and can quickly become a problem in greenhouse or close planting conditions. Like aphids, they also secrete honeydew. Cutworms: These are the larvae of certain types of moths and are known for cutting young plants at the stem base at ground level. They are most destructive during the night. Root Maggots: The larvae of root maggot flies, these pests attack the roots of mustard plants, causing wilting and potentially killing young plants. Harlequin Bugs: These are colorful stink bugs that suck the sap from mustard plant stems and leaves, causing the leaves to become stippled, wilt, and eventually die if the infestation is severe. Mustard Sawfly: The larvae of the mustard sawfly can cause considerable defoliation, as they feed voraciously on the leaves. Clubroot: Caused by a fungus-like organism, clubroot affects the roots, causing them to swell and distort. While technically a disease, it is often associated with pest management because controlling it involves similar preventative strategies. Control Measures: Managing pests in mustard involves a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical methods. Crop rotation, resistant varieties, timely sowing, maintaining plant health, and using natural predators like ladybugs and parasitic wasps can help keep pest populations under control. Chemical pesticides should be used as a last resort due to their potential impact on the environment and non-target species.

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Cotton crops are vulnerable to a variety of sucking pests, which can severely impact plant health, yield, and fiber quality. These pests primarily feed on plant sap, extracting nutrients directly from the plant's vascular system. Here's a breakdown of some of the most significant sucking pests in cotton cultivation: Aphids: Cotton aphids or melon aphids can cause direct damage by sucking sap and indirect damage by secreting honeydew, which encourages sooty mold growth. This can interfere with photosynthesis and weaken the plant. Aphids can also transmit viral diseases. Whiteflies: Two species, the silverleaf whitefly and the bandedwinged whitefly, are particularly troublesome. They not only suck sap from the underside of leaves, causing yellowing and leaf drop, but their honeydew excretion promotes sooty mold and they can transmit several plant viruses. Thrips: While thrips can chew on plants, their primary damage to cotton is through sucking. They attack the cotton plant during its seedling stage, which can stunt growth and reduce vigor. Thrips are also capable of transmitting the Cotton Bud disease. Spider Mites: These are not insects but arachnids. Spider mites, such as the two-spotted spider mite, suck cell contents from the leaves, leading to speckled discoloration and potentially significant leaf loss if infestations are severe. Leafhoppers: Including various species, leafhoppers can cause direct damage through feeding, which results in leaf curling and stunted growth. They can also be vectors for plant diseases. Mealybugs: These pests are less common but can be problematic, especially in clustered planting conditions. They suck sap and secrete honeydew, which leads to sooty mold. Mealybugs can also spread viruses. Stink Bugs: Although primarily known for their chewing mouthparts, certain stink bugs can cause damage similar to sucking pests by injecting saliva into the plant and sucking out nutrients, leading to boll damage and stained lint. Management Strategies: Cultural Controls: This includes practices such as crop rotation, using resistant varieties, and managing planting and harvesting times to avoid peak pest populations. Biological Controls: Beneficial insects like lady beetles, lacewings, and predatory mites can naturally control sucking pest populations. Parasitic wasps also play a role in controlling aphid and whitefly populations. Chemical Controls: Insecticides may be used but should be chosen carefully to minimize resistance development and preserve beneficial insects. Systemic insecticides can be particularly effective against sucking pests. Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Combining multiple control strategies based on monitoring and thresholds to apply the most effective and environmentally sensitive approach. Effective management of sucking pests in cotton requires a thorough understanding of the pest species present, their life cycles, and the ecological balance of the field environment.

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Wepresent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array 12-m, 7-m, and Total Power Array observations of the FUOrionis outbursting system, covering spatial scales ranging from 160 to 25,000 au. The high-resolution interferometric data reveal an elongated 12CO(2–1) feature previously observed at lower resolution in 12CO(3–2). Kinematic modeling indicates that this feature can be interpreted as an accretion streamer feeding the binary system. The mass infall rate provided by the streamer is significantly lower than the typical stellar accretion rates (even in quiescent states), suggesting that this streamer alone is not massive enough to sustain the enhanced accretion rates characteristic of the outbursting class prototype. The observed streamer may not be directly linked to the current outburst, but rather a remnant of a previous, more massive streamer that may have contributed enough to the disk mass to render it unstable and trigger the FU Orionis outburst. The new data detect, for the first time, a vast, slow-moving carbon monoxide molecular outflow emerging from this object. To accurately assess the outflow properties (mass, momentum, and kinetic energy), we employ 13CO(2–1) data to correct for optical depth effects. The analysis indicates that the outflow corresponds to swept-up material not associated with the current outburst, similar to the slow molecular outflows observed around other FUor and Class I protostellar objects.

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Chemistry is the scientific study of matter, its properties, composition, structure, and the changes it undergoes. It's often divided into various sub-disciplines such as organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry. Chemistry plays a crucial role in understanding the world around us and has applications in various fields such as medicine, materials science, environmental science, and industry.

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Power and Inequality in Open Science Discourses - Denisse Albornoz - OpenCon 2017

1. POWER AND INEQUALITY IN OPEN SCIENCE DISCOURSES

2. Red de Ciencia Abierta y Colaborativa para el Desarrollo

3.

4. SOURCE: Open and Collaborative Science Manifesto

5. • University researchers • Social movement activists • K-12 students • Farmers • Indigenous communities • Women in rural areas • Hackers and OH movement COMMUNITIES WORKING WITH OCSDNET

6. SOURCE: Open and Collaborative Science Manifesto

7. GAP SOURCE: Open and Collaborative Science Manifesto

8. OPEN SCIENCE POLICIES / POLITICAS DE CIENCIA ABIERTA OECD (2015) An effort by researchers, governments, research funding agencies and the scientific community to make the outputs of publicly funded research results […] accessible in digital format with no or minimal restriction Dakar Declaration on Open Science in Africa (2017) Open Science is a means not an end – much more than just open access to publications or data. It includes many stages of research processes, enabling full reproducibility and re-usability of scientific results”

9. LIBER Statement on Enabling Open Science (2014) A first step towards strengthening the global competitiveness of European research Mallorca Open Science (2017) Open Science is essential to fully achieve its target knowledge and innovation based economy

10. What assumptions are embedded in these definitions? Whose interests are they serving? And whose interests are they neglecting?

11. 1- Open Science is a historically produced discourse openness is not inherently positive or neutral embedded in historical legacies and social struggles de-contextualizing openness = erasing experiences those who have been harmed by it situated openness: recognizing context, power and history whose histories count?

12. 2- Open Science as a practice of social transformation consider social and political dimensions of knowledge and technology nurturing human and social networks economic value vs. social value question of distribution in global capitalism who benefits from this logic?

13. 3 - Open Science asks who is left behind knowledge production remains uneven and unequal barriers of gender, race, socioeconomic status, and ability legitimacy of community-based knowledge and inquiries lowering barriers to participation who defines research agendas?

14. stay critical