Very Basic Hardware/Processing Overview for CSC 102 Class.

1. S
Computer Concepts
Hardware Basics
CSC 102 Intro to Technology

2. Topics:
 What are computers?
 Hardware/Software
 Information Processing
Cycle (IPOS)
 Input/Output Devices
 Processing (CPU & RAM)
 Storage (Magnetic)
Hard Drives
 Storage (Solid State)
Flash Drives
 Cloud (Web) Storage
 Optical Drives (CD, DVD)
 Bits & Bytes

3. What are Computers?
 Computers are data
processing devices.

4. Hardware/Software
 Hardware refers to objects that you can
actually touch, like disks, disk drives,
display screens, keyboards, printers,
boards, and chips.
 Software are instructions or data. Anything
that can be stored electronically is software.
Applications are software.

5. Information Processing
Cycle (IPOS)
 Computers perform 4 basic functions:
1. Input
2. Processing
3. Output
4. Storage

6. Input Devices
 Input devices are hardware or that
include keyboards, mice, touch displays,
and microphones.
 Are also called
peripheral devices.

7. Output Devices
 Output devices are hardware that
provides information to the user such as
monitors, speakers, and printers.
 Also are considered
peripheral devices.

8. Processing
(The Brains of the Computer)
 CPU or Central Processing Unit is
responsible for controlling the computer
commands and operations.
 Intel is the most popular
manufacturer of CPU's.

9. Processing
(Short-term Memory)
 RAM (Random Access Memory) is an
electronic chip that provides temporary
storage. RAM helps speed up repeated
operations and provides more working
memory for software to run.
 RAM may be in 4GB, 8GB
or 16GB amounts in
today's computers.

10. Storage
Internal Storage
 Hard Disk Drives are internal storage
devices which are composed of metal
platters where information is
read/written magnetically.
 The Hard Drive will store data files as
well as the Operating System and
application and system software.

11. Storage
External Solid State Media/Flash Storage
 Solid State Media stores data
using electricity and retains
the data when the power
is turned off.
 USB Flash, Thumb
or Jump drives are examples of
solid state media drives – they
have no moving parts.

12. Cloud Storage
Web-based Storage
 Files are stored on a Web-server
and can be accessed anywhere
with an Internet connection.
 Examples Include:
Google Drive, DropBox,
SkyDrive, Amazon

13. Optical Storage
CD, DVD, Blu-Ray
 CDs store @700 MB of data
 DVDs store @4-9 GB+
 HD-DVD store 15GB+
 Blu-Ray store 25GB+
S Note: Blu-Ray & DVD can have single or
double layered capacity.

14. Bits & Bytes
Digital Data - smaller
 Bit (Binary Digit) = 1 or 0
 8 Bits = 1 Byte (1 character)
 1000 Bytes = Kilobyte KB
 1 Million Bytes
or 1000 KB = 1 Megabyte MB

15. Bits & Bytes
Digital Data - larger
 1 Billion Bytes
or 1000 MB = 1 Gigabyte GB
 1 Trillion Bytes
or 1000 GB = 1 Terabyte TB
 1000 TB – 1 Petabyte PB

16. So….
If you have 10 megabit per second
(mbps) download speed
 You can download (at most)
1.25 MB per second
 MegaBITS are 1/8 a MegaBYTE
 Bits are not Bytes