This document provides an overview of computers and their components. It defines a computer as an electronic device that can accept data as input, process the data according to programmed instructions, produce output from that processing, and store the results. The key components of a computer are described as the input devices, central processing unit (CPU), output devices, memory, and storage devices. Examples of each type of component are listed along with brief explanations of common input devices, CPU components, data storage units, software categories, and output devices.

1. COMPUTER PRESENTATIONSUBMITED BYMAYANK YADAV

2. Introduction to Computers

3. What is a computer?An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data, manipulate the data according to specified rules, produce information from the processing, and store the results for future use.

4. Devices that comprise a personal computer.

5. Inside a computer

6. Information Processing Cycle—four general operationsInputProcessingOutputStorage

7. What are the components of the computer?Input devicesCentral processing unit (CPU)Output devicesMemoryStorage devices

8. Input DevicesKeyboardMouseDigital cameraScannerMicrophone

9. Keyboards

10. Mouse Devices

11. Digital Cameras

12. Scanners

13. Microphones

14. Central Processing UnitMade up of the control unit and arithmetic/logic unitThe brains of the CPU is the processor. There are different brands and speedsPentium made by IntelCeleron made by IntelAthlon made by AMDMemoryRAM—also called Random Access Memory

15. Processors & Memory

16. Data RepresentationByte—one character of dataKilobyte—one thousand bytes of dataMegabyte—one million bytesGigabyte—one billion bytesTerabyte—one trillion bytesPetabyte—one quadrillion bytesExabyte—one quintillion bytesZettabyte—one sextillion bytesYottabyte—one septillion bytes

17. Output DevicesPrintersImpact printersDot matrix printersNonimpact printersInk jetLaserColorB & WMonitorsCRT’SLCD’S

18. STORAGE DEVICESFloppy Disks3.5-inch disks store 1.44M of dataMust be formattedTrackssectorsHard DisksSpins at 5,400 – 7,200 rpm (revolutions per minute)Can store anywhere between 10G – 250G+ of dataCD’s—Compact DiscsAvailable in a variety of formats—CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RWA typical CD holds about 650 MB of dataDVD’sAvailable as DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RWCan hold 4.7 GB of dataZip Drives—high capacity floppy disk drive; has lost popularityZip disks can hold from 100 MB – 250 MB of dataUSB Flash DriveStorage capacity between 32 MB – 4 GB

19. STORAGE DEVICES

20. Software—Can be categorized into four typesSystem softwareApplication softwareEducational softwareEntertainment software

21. System SoftwareControls the operations of computer equipmentOperating System software tells the computer how to:LoadStoreExecuteOS is loaded into memory when the computer is turned onThis process is called bootingMost OS’s use a Graphical User Interface (GUI)Provides visual cues such as iconsEach icon represents an application

22. Application SoftwarePrograms that tell a computer how to produce informationCommonly used applicationsWord processingSpreadsheetDatabasePresentationFinancialEmailTaxing

23. Educational SoftwareSoftware that can be used for learning purposesExamples include:Jump Start SeriesMavis Beacon Teaches TypingReader RabbitEncarta or World BookMath BlasterRosetta Stone Spanish

24. Entertainment SoftwareSports gamesMadden NFLMLBThe SimsWorld of WarcraftRollercoaster TycoonFinal FantasyHaloMystHalf LifeBarbie Fashion Show

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