automation, temperature, humidity, light intensity control in poly house under protected cultivation, fdifferent types of growing medis udsed

1. Protected cultivation- EC-24
(2+1)
PRESENTED BY:
RAKESH KUMAR PATTNAIK
Asst. Prof. Horticulture
MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Lecture 2. Automation in Greenhouses
Dt.28.04.20

2. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Automation in Green House
 Automating the data acquisition process of the soil conditions and various
climatic parameters that govern plant growth allows information to be collected
with less labour requirements.
BENEFITS
 Automatically control environmental conditions within greenhouse allowing
any type of plants to grown all year round.
 Eliminates risk of greenhouse not being maintained at specific
environmental conditions due to human error.
 Minimizes labour costs involved in maintaining a greenhouse.
Customer able to define specific greenhouse conditions.

3. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
It is possible by using various sensor:
 Soil moisture detector
 Temperature indicator
 Humidity detector
 Automatic light controller

4. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
It mainly consists of following blocks:
 Sensors: (temperature sensor, humidity
sensor and light sensor )
 Amplifier:
 ADC: (Convert analog from to digital
form)

5. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
 Microcontroller:
1. Reading the digital input from ADC which is derived from
Temperature and Light sensor.
2. Sending this data to LCD so that the person operating this
project should read the values of temperature and light.
3. Controlling the parameters like Temperature, light, turning
On/Off the respective relays.
4. Sending the values of temperature and light to the computer
using serial port.

6. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
 Relay:
1. Relay 1 (on - > Temperature)
2. Relay 2 (on- >Humidity)
 DC Motors:
1. 12-volt DC motors ( on -> light)
2. 12-volt DC motors ( on-< moisture)
 PC Interfacing:

7. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
TYPES OF GROWING MEDIA, SOIL PREPARATION AND
SUBSTRATE MANAGEMENT IN POLYHOUSES FOR GROWING
CROPS
 Soil mixes used for greenhouse production of potted plants and cut flowers are highly
modified mixtures of soil, organic and inorganic materials.
 Improve the water holding capacity
 Aeration of the potting soil
Media preparation for greenhouse production:
 Good balance between physical properties (water holding capacity and porosity).
 Well drained.
 Medium should not too compact.
 Should not be highly porous

8. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
 pH of 5.0 to 7.0 and the soluble salt (EC) level of 0.4 to 1.4 ds/m.
 Low media pH (<5.0) leads to toxicity of micronutrients such as iron, zinc, manganese and copper
while a high pH (>7.5) causes deficiency of micronutrients including boron.
 Low pH - amendments like lime (calcium carbonate) and dolomite (ca-mg carbonate) and basic,
fertilizers like calcium nitrate, calcium cyanamide, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate.
 High pH of the media can be reduced by amendments like Sulphur, gypsum.

9. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Gravel culture
Soft- or hard-coal cinders
 Haydite (shale and clay
fused at high temperatures),
 Limestone chips,
Calcareous gravel
 Silica gravel,
 Crushed granite

10. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Desirable nutrient level in greenhouse growth media:
Concentration (mg/l)
S. No. Category NO3 N P K
1. Transplants 75 125 10-15 250-300
2. Young pot &
foliage
plants
50 90 6-10 150-200
3. Plants in
beds
125 225 10-15 200-300

11. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Media ingredients and Mix
PEAT SPHAGNUM MOSS
VERMICULITE
PERLITE
RED SOIL
MANURE

12. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Pasteurization of greenhouse plant growing media
Agent Method Recommendation
Heat Steam 30 min at 1800 F
Methyl bromide 10 ml/cu. ft. of medium Cover with gas proof cover for 24-48 hr
Aerate for 24-28 hr before use.
Chloropicrin 3-5 ml/cu. ft. of medium Cover for 1-3 days with gas proof cover
after sprinkling with water, Aerate for 14
days or until no odour is detected before
using
Basamid 8.0 g/cu.ft. of medium Cover for 7 days with gas proof cover
and aerate for atleast a week before use
Formalin 20 m1/1 of water (37%) Apply 2 1/cu.ft cover for 14 to 36 hr and
aerate for at least 14 days.

13. MITS INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Fumigation in greenhouse:
 Physical propagation facilities such as the propagation room,
containers, flats, knives, working surface, benches etc.
 Disinfected using one part of formalin in fifty parts of
water or one-part sodium hypochlorite in nine parts of
water.
 Insecticide such as Dichlorvos.
 Trisodium phosphate or potassium permanganate placed
at the entry of the greenhouse