RRB JE Stage 2 Computer and Applications Questions Part 4 Previous year questions with answers and explanation.

1. PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWER AND EXPLANATION
Part - 4
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1

2. 2
Answer: (c)

3. 3
• World wide web consortium (W3C)
• The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the main international standards
organization for the World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or W3).
• Founded and currently led by Tim Berners-Lee, the consortium is made up of
member organizations which maintain full-time staff for the purpose of working
together in the development of standards for the Web.
Answer: (a)

4. 4
Answer: (a)

5. 5
• Memory, also referred to as primary storage, typically refers to storage that is
directly accessible by the computer's CPU.
• RAM is a high-speed storage medium that can be accessed with minimal delay.
• Because the RAM is connected directly to the CPU via the memory bus, the CPU can
access data stored in RAM very quickly.
Answer: (a)

6. 6
Answer: (c)

7. 7
SRAM - Static RAM (SRAM)
• The word static indicates that the memory retains its contents as long as power is
being supplied.
• However, data is lost when the power gets down due to volatile nature.
• SRAM chips use a matrix of 6-transistors and no capacitors.
• Transistors do not require power to prevent leakage, so SRAM need not be
refreshed on a regular basis.
• There is extra space in the matrix, hence SRAM uses more chips than DRAM for
the same amount of storage space, making the manufacturing costs higher.
• SRAM is thus used as cache memory and has very fast access.
Characteristic of Static RAM
• Long life
• No need to refresh
• Faster
• Used as cache memory
• Large size
• Expensive
• High power consumption

8. DRAM – DYNAMIC RAM
 DRAM, unlike SRAM, must be continually refreshed in order
to maintain the data.
 This is done by placing the memory on a refresh circuit that
rewrites the data several hundred times per second.
 DRAM is used for most system memory as it is cheap and
small.
 All DRAMs are made up of memory cells, which are
composed of one capacitor and one transistor.
Characteristics of Dynamic RAM
 Short data lifetime
 Needs to be refreshed continuously
 Slower as compared to SRAM
 Used as RAM
 Smaller in size
 Less expensive
 Less power consumption
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9. 9
Unicode Transformation Format
UTF-8 is a compromise character encoding that can be as compact as ASCII
(if the file is just plain English text) but can also contain any unicode
characters (with some increase in file size).
The '8' means it uses 8-bit blocks to represent a character.
By default Unicode is a ….
It uses 16-bits to represent a symbol in the data.
It represents any non-english character like Chinese, Japanese.
Answer: (b)

10. 10
Answer: (b)

11. 11
Answer: (a)

12. 12
Answer: (d)

13. 13
Answer: (a)

14. 14
Answer: (b)
Answer: (b)

15. 15
Answer: (b)
Answer: (a)
Answer: (c)

16. 16
Answer: (c)
Answer: (b)

17. 17
What is a network?
• A computer network can be described as a system of interconnected devices
that can communicate using some common standard (called protocol).
• Computers on a network are called nodes.
• The connection between computers can be done via cabling, most
commonly the Ethernet cable, or wirelessly through radio waves.
• Connected computers can share resources, like access to the Internet,
printers, file servers, and others.
Components of a Network
1. Sender
2. Receiver
3. Media (Physical Connection)
4. Protocol
5. Message
6. Network Technology

18. Advantages and disadvantages of network
 Advantages
 Connectivity, Communication, Data Sharing, Hardware
Sharing, Internet Access Sharing, Entertainment etc.,
 Disadvantages
 Breakdowns and possible loss of resources, Expensive to build
 Security threats, Bandwidth issues, High dependability, Needs
continuous monitoring
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19. 19
Network Topologies

20. 20
Types of Networks

21. PAN
 PAN is the acronym for Personal Area
Network.
 PAN is the interconnection between devices
within the range of a person’s private space,
typically within a range of 10 metres.
 If you have transferred images or songs from
your laptop to mobile or from mobile to your
friend’s mobile using Bluetooth, you have set
up and used a personal area network.
21
A person can connect his laptop, smart phone, personal digital assistant and
portable printer in a network at home. This network could be fully Wi-Fi or
a combination of wired and wireless.

22. 22
LAN - Local Area Network
Characteristics of LAN
• Limited geographic operation up to 10 Km
• High speed data transfer rates
• Full time connectivity to local services
• Generally lower in cost.
• Uses mainly bus, ring and star topology
• LAN supports transmission media like UTP Cable, Optical fiber, Wireless.
• Requires cabling and maintenance.

23. MAN - Metropolitan Area Network.
 It is a network spread over a city, college campus or a small
region.
 MAN is larger than a LAN and typically spread over several
kilometres.
 Objective of MAN is to share hardware and software
resources, thereby decreasing infrastructure costs.
 MAN can be built by connecting several LANs.
 The most common example of MAN is cable TV network.
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24. 24
WAN - Wide Area Network
Characteristics of a WAN
• Cover more than one geographical
area.
• Connecting different LANs using
Routers.
• Connectivity from a router to
router is a circuit leased from a
Telephone / Communication
Company
Advantages:
• Covers large geographical area.
• Allows connecting workstations to
share resources and software.
• Messages can be sent very quickly to
anyone else on the network.

25. 25

26. 26
• ISO stands for International organization of Standardization.
• This is called a model for Open System Interconnection (OSI) and is commonly
known as OSI model.
• The ISO-OSI model is a seven layer architecture.
• It defines seven layers or levels in a complete communication system.

27. 27

28. 28

29. 29
DRAM – DYNAMIC RAM
 DRAM, unlike SRAM, must be continually refreshed in order to maintain the data.
 This is done by placing the memory on a refresh circuit that rewrites the data
several hundred times per second.
 DRAM is used for most system memory as it is cheap and small.
 All DRAMs are made up of memory cells, which are composed of one capacitor
and one transistor.
Answer: (a)
Answer: (c)

30. 30
Answer: (c)
Answer: (b)

31. 31
Unicode Transformation Format
UTF-8 is a compromise character encoding that can be as compact as ASCII
(if the file is just plain English text) but can also contain any unicode
characters (with some increase in file size).
The '8' means it uses 8-bit blocks to represent a character.
By default Unicode is a ….
It uses 16-bits to represent a symbol in the data.
It represents any non-english character like Chinese, Japanese.
Answer: (c)

32. 32