The document describes different granulation methods used in tablet manufacturing including wet granulation, dry granulation, and slugging. It discusses the steps involved in each process as well as common excipients used such as binders, diluents, granulating agents, disintegrants, lubricants, and glidants. Quality control testing is performed to ensure tablet properties meet specifications.

1. BY RAHUL DEV
SMCP

2.  WEIGHING
 MIXING
 CONVERTING INTO GRANULES
 COMPRESSION
 COATING
 QUALITY CONTROL

3.  MOST WIDELY USED METHOD
 STEP 1-POWEDERED MEDICAMENT ALONGWITH
OTHER EXCIPIENTS ARE MOISTENED WITH
GRANULATING AGENT
 STEP 2- KNEADING
 STEP 3- COHERANT MASS PASSED THROUGH
SIEVE NO. 8 OR 10
 STEP 4-DRYING OF GRANULES IN TRAY DRYER
 STEP 5- DRIED GRANULES PASSED THROUGH
SIEVE NO. 20
 STEP NO.6 – ADD LUBRICATING AGENT,VOLATILE
SUBSTANCE AND PART OF DISINTEGRATING
AGENT

4.  SOME SUBSTANCES ARE IN CRYSTALLINE
FORM OR IN FORM OF GRANULES HAVING ITS
OWN BINDING PROPERTIES
 STEP 1 – PASS MEDICAMENT THROUGH SIEVE
NO. 20 OR OTHER SPECIFIED SIEVE
 STEP 2- ADD OTHER ADDITIONAL EXCIPIENTS
 EXAMPLES- ASPIRIN, SODIUM BROMIDE,
POTASSIUM CHLORATE

5.  ALSO KNOWN AS SLUGGING METHOD
 USED FOR MEDICAMENTS UNSTABLE IN
PRESENCE OF MOISTURE
 STEP 1- DRY POWDER ID COMPRESSED INTO
LARGE TABLETS OR SLUGS
 STEP 2- SLUGS ARE BROKEN INTO SMALLER
PIECES WHICH ARE PASSED THROUGH A
SPECIFIED SIEVE TO COLLECT GRANULES

6.  DILUENTS-NEEDED WHEN QUANTITY OF
MEDICAMENT IS VERY SMALL AND IT IS NOT
POSSIBLE TO MAKE A GOOD TABLET
 EXAMPLES-
- LACTOSE
- SUCROSE
- SODIUM CHLORIDE
- STARCH
- DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE
- SORBITOL

7.  USED TO CONVERT FINE POWDER INTO
GRANULES
 PROVIDES MOISTURE TO CONVERT FINE POWDER
INTO DAMP MASS
 EXAMPLE
- WATER
- ALCOHOL
- MUCILAGE OF STARCH
- MUCILAGE OF TRAGACANTH
- ACETONE
- IPA (ISO PROPYL ALCOHOL)

8.  USED IN GRANULATION TO PROVIDE PROPER
STRENGTH TO GRANULES
 SELECTION OF BINDING AGENT AND ITS
CONCENTRATION DEPENDS ON TYPE OF
TABLET.
 IN LOZENGE AND IMPLANTS PROPORTION OF
BINDING AGENT IS HIGH ,WHEREAS IN CASES
WHERE TABLET DISINTEGRATE QUICKLY A
BINDING AGENT WITH LESS BINDING
PROPERTY AND IN LOWER CONCENTRATION
IS USED

9.  EXAMPLES
- GUM ACAIA POWDER
- GUM TRAGACANTH
- GELATIN
- SUCROSE
- MRTHYL CELLULOSE

10.  ADDED TO ENSURE DISINTEGRATION OF
TABLET INTO SMALLER PARTICLES
 THEY ACT IN THREE WAYS
 1. BY SWELLING-THEY SWELL WHEN COME IN
CONTACT WITH WATER . EXAMPLES
-POTATO STARCH
- WHEAT STARCH
- METHYL CELLULOSE
- BENTONITE

11.  2. BY PRODUCING EFFERVESCENCES- THEY
PRODUCE EFFERVESCENCES WHEN THEY
COME IN CONTACT WITH WATER
- SODIUM BI CARBONATE
- CITRIC ACID
- TARTRIC ACID
3. THEY MELT AT BODY TEMPERATURE
- COCABUTTER

12.  IMPROVE THE APPEARANCE , FLOW
PROPERTIES, PREVENT THE STICKING OF
MATERIALTO DIES AND PUNCHES
1. LUBRICANTS- REDUCE INTERPARTICULAR
FRICTION DURING COMPRESSION AND
FRICTION BETWEEN TABLET AND DIE WALL
- TALC
- MAGNESIUM STEARATE
- CALCIUM STEARATE

13. 2. GLIDANTS- IMPROVE FLOW PROPERTIES OF
GRANULES
- TALCUM
- SODIUM CHLORIDE
- MAGNESIUM STRARATE
- BORIC ACID
- STARCH
- CALCIUM STEARATE

14.  3 . ANTI- ADHESIVE AGENTS- PREVENT
STICKING OF TABLET SURFACE TO DIES AND
PUNCHES
 - LIQUID PARAFFIN
 - MAGNESIUM STEARATE
 - STEARIC ACID

15.  USED TO ADSORB VOLATILE OIL, LIQUID
EXTRACT AND TINCTURE ETC.
 - MAGNESIUM CARBONATE
 - KAOLIN
 - STARCH

16.  F.D AND C DYES ARE USED
 FLAVOURS ARE ADDED IN
LOZENGES,EFFERVESCENT TABLETS AND
CHEWABLE TABLETS
 SWEETENING AGENT – USED TO IMPROVE
TASTE
 - SUCROSE
 - LACTOSE
 - MANNITOL
 SACCHARIN
 - CYCLAMATES