1. Add your words here
MEANING RELATIO
N &
WORD IN USE
Dosen Pembimbing:
Dr. Hj. Siti Masitoh Sinaga, M.Pd
By Group 9:
Saddia Ansari Siregar
Sinta Irawati
4. Synonymy is a meaning relation which involves two or more expression having th
e same interpretation. Synonymy will always mean one of two or more words in
the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential mea
ning.
Synonym: words which have the same meaning.
5. Partial synonymy is a meaning relatio
n in which the meaning or interpretati
on of one lexicon only a part of the m
eaning of the other.
True synonymy is a meaning relation which involves two or m
ore sentences having the same exact meaning.
KIND OF SYNONIM
Y
Close synonymy is a meaning r
elation which involves two or
more expressions of which the
interpretation is not entirely t
he same but very close.
6. Homophone is a word that is pronounced the same (to varying extent) as
another word but differs in meaning.
E.g: two,to and Too
Polysemy is a word or phrase with multiple, related meanings.
Inclusion is word included in a group specifically.
Female -sister
Fruit -apple
7. Antonymy: a meaning relation which involves two or more lexicon
s having opposite interpretations/ meanings.
E.g:Hot-cold
Small-big
8. 01
02
03
Kind of Antonomy True antonymy: the meaning relation which inv
wo or more lexicons having true opposite mean
e.g. - male vs. female
Reciprocal antonymy: the meaning relation which invo
lves two or more lexicons having reciprocal opposite
meaning. Usually, it is in the form of actions.
e.g. - close vs. open
Gradual antonymy: the meaning relation which involves
two or more lexicons having gradual opposite meaning.
e.g. - uninjured- barely injured –injured- badly wounded-
died
- big – medium – small
9. Homonymy is the relationship between words that are homonyms—wor
ds that have different meanings but are pronounced the same or spelled
the same or both.
E.g.Bat:flying creature Or used in sport.
12. Nouns refer to persons, animals, places, things, ideas, or events, etc. Nou
ns encompass most of the words of a language.
There are Eight kind of noun:
Proper Noun:
A proper noun is a name which refers only to a single person, place, or thing
and there is no common name for it. In written English, a proper noun alwa
ys begins with capital letters.
Common Noun:
A common noun is a name for something which is common for many things,
person, or places. It encompasses a particular type of things, person, or plac
es.
13. Abstract Noun:
An abstract noun is a word for something that cannot be seen but is there. It
has no physical existence. Generally, it refers to ideas, qualities, and conditio
ns.
Concrete Noun:
A concrete noun is the exact opposite of abstract noun. It refers to t
he things we see and have physical existence.
Countable Noun:
The nouns that can be counted are called countable nouns. Countable nouns
can take an article: a, an, the.
14. Word in Use
Non-countable Noun:
The nouns that cannot be counted are called non-countable nouns.
Collective Noun:
A collective noun is a word for a group of things, people, or animals, etc.
Compound Noun:
Sometimes two or three nouns appear together, or even with other parts of sp
eech, and create idiomatic compound nouns. Idiomatic means that those noun
s behave as a unit and, to a lesser or greater degree, amount to more than the
sum of their parts.
15. A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. Examples: he, she, it, they,
someone, who. Pronouns can do all of the things that nouns can do. They can
be subjects, direct objects, indirect objects, object of the preposition, and mor
e.
Verbs have traditionally been defined as words that show action or state of b
eing. Verbs can also sometimes be recognized by their position in a sentence.
An adjective is a word that tells us more about a noun. It "describes" or "mo
difies" a noun.
16. Conjunction is a word that joins words, phrases, clauses or sentence. e.g. but, a
nd, yet, or, because, nor, although, since, unless, while, where etc. Examples: Sh
e bought a shirt and a book.
A preposition is a word or group of words used before a noun, pronoun, or no
un phrase to show direction, time, place, location, spatial relationships, or to i
ntroduce an object
An adverb is a word that modifies (describes) a verb (he sings loudly), an adjecti
ve (very tall), another adverb (ended too quickly), or even a whole sentence (For
tunately, I had brought an umbrella).
