Definition, types, projects, issues & problems

1. EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN
PROBLEM, ISSUES & TRENDS
ASSIGNED BY: RABIA KAZI
DR. AMJAD ALI ARAIN ROLLNO:M/EDU/2K16/32
M.PHIL SCHOLAR
UNIVERSITY OF SINDH
UNIVERSITY OF SINDH JAMSHORO
FACULTY OF EDUCATION

2. IGOS & NGOS
Donor agencies

3. OUT LINE
• Definitions
• Purposes
• Types
• Projects
• Problem & Issues

4. Intergovernmental Organization (IGO)
The term intergovernmental organization (IGO) refers to an entity created by
treaty, involving two or more nations, to work in good faith, on issues of common
interest.
The Delian League (478–404 BC, and subsequently from 378–338 BC), an
alliance of Greek city-states, may be considered the first example of an IGO.
the Congress of Vienna of 1815 may be regarded as the actual birth of
international organizations.
Non-governmental organization (NGO)
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is any non-profit, voluntary citizens'
group which is organized on a local, national or international level.
The Red Cross: The World’s Helper
Founded by 16 nations in 1863, the International Red Cross is the first NGO

5. WHY IGOS & NGOS??

6. IGOS
oProvide a forum for discussion.
oCreate a mechanism for the world’s
inhabitants to work more on peace and
security
oTo deal with economic and social questions.
oHelp to facilitate issue linkages, which may
facilitate cooperation.
oHelp allow states to take a long-term
perspective
oLends an air of impartiality that enhances
their effectiveness.

7. NGOS
Provide services that fill gaps left by the
private and public sectors.
Usually to further the political or social goals
of their members.
Include improving the state of the natural
environment
 Encouraging the observance of human
rights
Improving the welfare of the disadvantaged.

8. TYPES

9. IGOS
THE UNITED NATIONS(UN) 1945
the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO)
The Organization
Of Petroleum
Exporting
Countries (OPEC)
Young Women's
Christian
Association
(YWCA)
European
Union (EU)
The World Trade
Organization
(WTO)

10. NGOS
• Charitable oriented NGOs
• Service Oriented NGOs
• Participatory Oriented NGOs
• Empowerment Oriented NGOs
Orientation
• Communal based NGOs
• City Wide NGOs
• Nation wide NGOs
• International NGOs
Operation
levels

11. PROJECTS & PROGRAM
WORLD BANK
IMF

20. 12,538 projects in 173 countries

24. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES

26. Corruption : the employees who work in NGOs make false bills
Provide poor quality to beneficiaries
Government also create hurdles for NGOs, specially working for women rights has
become a challenge.
Some people manipulate in the name of NGOs just to make their black money into white
money and also for not paying tax.

28. REFERENCES
• http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/education/projects/all
• http://www.intergovernmentalorganizations.org/whatis.asp
• https://www.academia.edu/731302/The_International_Organization._How_N
GOs_and_IGOs_Affect_the_International_System

29. THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME !