Emergency nursing is a nursing specialty in which nurses care for patients in the emergency or critical phase of their illness or injury. While this is common to many nursing specialties, the key difference is that an emergency nurse is skilled at dealing with people in the phase when a diagnosis has not yet been made and the cause of the problem is not known.

1. Introduction to Emergency
Prepare by:
RN Arpana Bhusal
BNS

2. Emergency medicine is a medical
specialty in which physicians care for
patients with acute illnesses or injuries
which require immediate medical attention.
While not usually providing long-term or
continuing care, emergency medicine
physicians diagnose a variety of illnesses
and undertake acute interventions to
stabilize the patient.

3. Emergency medicine physicians practice
in hospital emergency departments, in
pre-hospital settings via emergency
medical services, other locations where
initial medical treatment of illness takes
place, and recently the intensive-care
unit. Just as clinicians operate by
immediacy rules under large emergency

4. systems, emergency practitioners
aim to diagnose emergent
conditions and stabilize the patient
for definitive care.

5. An Emergency Department (ED), also
known as Accident & Emergency
(A&E), Emergency Room (ER),
Emergency Ward (EW), or Casualty
Department is a medical treatment
facility, specializing in acute care of
patients who present without prior
appointment, either by their own means.

6. The emergency department is usually
found in a hospital or other primary care
center.
Due to the unplanned nature of patient
attendance, the department must provide
initial treatment for a broad spectrum of
illnesses and injuries, some of which may
be life-threatening and require immediate
attention.

7. In some countries, emergency
departments have become important
entry points for those without other
means of access to medical care.
The emergency departments of most
hospitals operate 24 hours a day,
although staffing levels may be varied in
an attempt to mirror patient volume.

8. History
The first specialized trauma care center in
the world was opened in 1911 in the United
States at the University of Louisville Hospital
in Louisville, Kentucky, and was developed
by surgeon Arnold Griswold during the
1930s. Griswold also equipped police and fire
vehicles with medical supplies and trained
officers to give emergency care.

9. Department Operation
As patients can present at any time
and with any complaint, a key part of
the operation of an emergency
department is the prioritization of
cases based on clinical need. This is
usually achieved though the
application of triage.

10. Objectives of Emergency Department
 Quick assessment of the client’s need
 Prompt diagnosis
 Right intervention
 Prompt evaluation of condition
 Necessary action for referral
 Admission, discharge and follow up
 Maintain individuality of the client
 Maintain safety/comfort of the client

11. Objectives contd.
 Maintain therapeutic effectiveness
(preventive,promotive,curative and
rehabilitative)
 Cost effectiveness
 Economy of man, money, material
and time

12. Emergency Department
 Location – near main gate
 Emergency mobile – ambulance/air(well
equipped with trained manpower)
 Population coverage – 15 bed for 500
bedded hospital
 Floor – preferably antistatic
 Area required – reception, waiting hall,
nsg/Dr’s duty station
 Examination table for 50 client = 1,400 = 8
 Operation table = 4

13. Contd.
 Dressing room/procedure room – 1
 Rest room – 1, Tea room – 1
 Sluice room – 1, Store – sterile
- Nonsterile
- Regular
- Disaster
 Observation room – 10-12 beds
 Police office room – 1, Social service
room-1
 Record room – 1, Administrative room - 1

14. Contd.
 Lab /x-ray services, Blood bank,
 Ambulance,Murtruy,Postmortom,
Equipment supplies – ECG machine,
defribilater, oxygen, suction machine,
emergency light, bed pan/urinal
 Emergency cart
 Pharmacy

15. Emergency Nursing
Prepare by:
RN Arpana Bhusal
BNS

16. Definition
 Emergency nursing is a nursing specialty in
which nurses care for patients in the
emergency or critical phase of their illness or
injury.
 While this is common to many nursing
specialties, the key difference is that an
emergency nurse is skilled at dealing with
people in the phase when a diagnosis has
not yet been made and the cause of the
problem is not known.

17. Scope of Emergency Nursing

18. The Principles of Emergency Nursing

19. The Principles of Emergency Nursing

20. General Principles of EMC

21. General Principles of EMC

22. Approach to patient
 Assessment of psychological
functioning includes evaluation of
emotional expression, degree of
anxiety and cognitive functioning
 Rapid physical assessment
(Problem solving in limited time and
pressured environment)

23. To prevent
deterioration
Major goals of
priorities of
emergency care
To preserve
life
To restore
the patient
for useful
living
Injuries to face, neck and chest that impairs respiration are the
highest priorities

24. Component of emergency nursing care
• Empathy
• End-of life planning and choices
• Evidence-based practice
• Experimental research
• Exploratory study
• Family health
• Family satisfaction with end of life care
• Mission, vision, value and beliefs,
objectives, activities
• Code of ethics

25. Component of the nursing role include
 Expertise in rapid assessment and
assimilation of information often beyond
the presenting problem
 Establishment of priorities
 Intervention based on the assessment
 An ongoing evaluation
 Supporting and attending to family
 Supervising allied health personnel and
teaching patient and their family
 Discharge or referral to other sources of
care according to agency policy

26. Issue in emergency nursing care
Numerous multifaceted issues such as:
1. The shortage of nursing personnel, nursing
job satisfaction, staffing
2. ED overcrowding, number of beds
3. Interpersonal violence
4. Need for new technology

27. Major emergency conditions
A major emergency is any event
(happening with or without warning)
causing or threatening death or injury,
damage to property or the environment
or disruption to the community which,
because of the scale of its effects, cannot
be dealt with by the emergency services
and local authority as part of their day-
to-day activities.

28. Types of major emergency
 Severe weather conditions/flooding
 Major structural collapse
 Major fire or explosion
 Threats to public health
 War or terrorism
 Major public disorder or criminal
activity

29. Contd….
 Earthquake
 Armed suspects/Active Shooter
 Bomb threats
o Medical Emergency
 Suicide
o Hazardous material leak or spill
 Flood
 Aircraft Crash

30. Contd….