This document provides an overview of the tourism industry and outlines its key sectors. It begins by defining tourism and outlining the social and cultural significance. It then details 7 main sectors: accommodation, transportation, travel trade, destination, attractions, events, and food and beverage. Each sector is broken down into specific sub-sectors and roles. The document also discusses job opportunities within the industry and expectations of staff.

1. Develop and update
tourism industry
knowledge

2. Learning objectives
At the end of the lesson, you should able to:
✘ Review the overview of Tourism and Travel
✘ Differentiate areas of tourism sectors
✘ Analyze the social and cultural significance of tourism
✘ Recognize the range of job opportunities within the Tourism
Industry
✘ Identify the industry expectations of staff
✘ Describe industry working conditions
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3. Lesson Proper

4. “Tourism is a social, cultural and economic
phenomenon which entails the movement of
people to countries or places outside their usual
environment for personal or
business/professional purposes”
-World tourism Organization (unwto)
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5. Definition of Tourism
Tourism comprises the activities of persons
traveling outside their usual environment for not
more than one consecutive year for leisure,
business and other purposes.
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6. Tourism Industry has been divided into
different sectors or areas.
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Tourism Industry Sectors

7. 1. Accommodation
Accommodation is a group of rooms, or building
which someone may live or stay and is important
to any tourists who want to travel to another
destination or on a trip as you are always going to
need a place to stay such as hotels, caravan
parks, camp sites etc.
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8. Inn
this refer to a small, typically
rural, lodging establishment that
may or may not serve food. .
Different components of accommodation
Hotel
this refers to a multistoried
lodging facilities which range in
size from 20 rooms to hundreds
of rooms.
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9. Inn
this refer to a small, typically
rural, lodging establishment that
may or may not serve food. .
Hotel
this refers to a multistoried
lodging facilities which range in
size from 20 rooms to hundreds
of rooms.
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Motel
this refers to a lodging
establishment that caters to
travelers with automobiles and
provides self-service parking on
premises. .
Lodge
this refers to a lodging
establishment associated with a
particular type of outdoor
activity such as ski lodge or
hunting lodge.

10. Resort
this refers to a lodging facilities
usually located at popular
vacation location which offer
recreational activities such as
golf, tennis, or casino gambling.
Guest houses/Tourist Homes
this refers to privately owned
homes where the owners rent
individual bedrooms to visitor.
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Bed & breakfast or B&Bs
this refers to a guest houses in UK
and North America; they are
smaller, more intimate, and less
expensive than a hotels and motels.
Usually has 20-30 rooms which
offers food and a meal already.
Condominiums (condo)
this refers to apartments in high-
rise buildings located mostly on
recreational areas. S furnished
house unit with kitchen area, living
room area, sleeping area, and a
bath.

11. Boarding House
this refers to a residential facility
that provides lodging and meals
for s guest who normally
consider the facility their home,
whether temporarily or
permanently.
Dormitory
this refers to a lodging facility
affiliated with some educational
or institution purpose that
provides sleeping
accommodation for those in
residence.
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Nursing Home
this refers to a residential facility
that provides lodging and food
service for people requiring nursing
or related care.

12. Accommodation structure
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13. 2. Transportation
✘ The transportation sector is concerned with
helping tourists to get where they need to go,
via the provision of transport.
✘ Included within this sector are services related
to road, rail, air and sea travel.
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14. Airline Industry
The airline industry plays a vital role
in the modern travel industry,
providing passengers with access to
both domestic and overseas flights,
allowing them to quickly reach their
intended destinations via
commercial aircraft.
Car Rental
Car rental services provide a kind of
access and often operate in close
proximity to airports, or even in
partnership with particular airlines or
travel companies.
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Water Transport
The water transport sub-section is
concerned with movement across
water. This includes things like ocean
liners and ferry transport.

15. . Coach Services
Coach and bus services are an
important part of the tourism
industry, offering long distance
travel, assisting airport passengers
with travel to their accommodation,
taking groups of tourists on day
trips to local attractions or popular
tourist destinations, and offering
access to other nearby towns and
cities.
Railway
Rail travel has played a key role in
the tourism industry since the 19th
century and continues to do so.
Railways not only provide a means
for traveler’s to get to their
destination, but over ground and
underground rail services also
provide options for navigating many
of the major towns and cities that
tourists visit as well.
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16. 16
Passenger Transportation structure

17. 3. Travel Trade
Also known as Intermediaries: entities that
facilitate and arrange travel packages for tourists
and travelers. Travel Intermediaries are more
popular as travel agencies and tour operators.
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18. Travel Agents
sell travel or tourism-related
products to customers on behalf
of suppliers.
Tour Operators
tend to sell package holidays,
which combine multiple travel
and tour services into a single
product.
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Online Travel Agencies/OTA
offer similar services to other travel agents, although these
services are delivered over the internet, providing more of a
self-service experience. Some of the most popular OTAs
include Expedia, Booking.com, Kayak and lastminute.com.

19. 4. Destination
✘ A place for tourists to visit and stay, could be a
country, state, region or city – usually due to its
cultural or natural values
✘ A place or area where a collection of tourism
related products and attractions are offered
which deliver a tourism experience for
individuals or groups traveling away from their
home or place.
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20. 5. Attractions
✘ The major and minor attractions that attract visitors and
generate revenue
✘ Attractions includes: historic sites, heritage homes,
botanical gardens, museums, hall of fame, art galleries,
aquariums, zoos, water parks, amusement parks,
casinos and cultural attractions.
✘ Many attractions are educational in nature others are
solely for entertainment.
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21. Adventure Tourism and Recreations
✘ Includes everything from bird watching, to salmon
fishing, horseback riding to white water rafting, golf to
wilderness & trekking.
✘ It draws those who want to experience a place that is
natural and unspoiled and those who want active,
unusual vacation.
✘ IT focuses on Outdoor Adventure & Ecotourism, SKI
Resorts, Golf & Tennis Facilities, Parks and Marine
Facilities 21

22. 6. Events
A unique happening that bring people together
for a purpose.
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23. According to Frequency
✘ Monthly
✘ Quarterly
✘ Annually
According to Impact
✘ Emotional
✘ Spiritual
✘ Cultural
✘ Social
✘ Educational
✘ Economic
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Types of Events:
According to Purpose (4C’s)
✘ Celebrate
✘ Commune
✘ Convene
✘ Commerce
According to number of
participants

24. Commune
✘ Reunions
✘ Sporting Events
✘ Hallmark Events
Commerce
✘ Exhibits and Tradeshows
✘ Product Launches
✘ Retail Events
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The 4C’s of Events
Celebrate
✘ Lifecycle Events
✘ Religious Rituals &
Ceremonies
✘ Commemorative
ceremonies
Convene
✘ Meeting
✘ Conventions
✘ Conference

25. 7. Food and Beverage
Consist of Businesses that prepare food for
Customers. The food and beverage sector has an
interesting role within the tourism industry,
providing tourists with essential refreshments at
all stages of their travel experience.
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26. 1. Restaurants
✘ Restaurants or eateries provide
one of the main ways in which
tourists eat food and socialize
on their travels.
✘ This category includes
everything from fast-food
restaurants, through to family
restaurants, and luxury
restaurants offering high-end
cuisine.
2. Catering
Catering is usually recognized as
the provision of food services at
more remote locations. Within this
sub-section would be the various
food and drink offerings found at
hotels and other accommodation
types, as well as on planes, cruise
ships or trains.
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27. 3. Bars and Cafes
Bars and cafés are an important
part of the local economy in many
travel destinations, offering tourists
a more relaxed location to
consume refreshments, drink
alcohol and socialize with locals or
other tourists.
4. Nightclubs
Nightclubs are one of the single
most essential parts of the food
and beverage sector, providing
travelers with entertainment during
the night and actually attracting
many tourists to some destinations
in the first place.
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28. 8. Tourism Services
✘ The tourism services sector is made up of the
organizations, associations, government
agencies and companies that specialize in
serving the needs of the tourism industry as a
whole rather than the needs of travelers
specifically.
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29. 1. Department of Tourism (DOT)
Is the primary planning,
implementing, and regulatory
government agency tasked to
develop and promote the Philippine
tourism industry, both domestic
and international.
2. International Air Transport
Association (IATA)
Is the official trade organization for
the world’s airlines (more than 85
participating nations).For air
carriers, IATA provides a polled
resource for scheduling, traffic and
routes, standardizing services and
the creation of a worldwide public
service for the air industry.
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30. 3. Philippine Travel Agency
Association (PTAA)
Is an organization born out of a
union of the national associations
of outbound travel agencies and
inbound tour operators in 1979. It
was founded to foster unity in the
travel industry and to promote the
welfare of its members and the
traveling public.
4. Pacific Asia Travel Association
(PATA)
✘ The objective of the PATA is the
promotion and development of
tourism, advancement of the
interest of members.
✘ PATA is a membership
association acting as a catalyst
for the responsible
development of the Asia Pacific
travel and tourism industry.
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31. 3. Philippine Tour Operators
Association
Is an organization born out of a
union of the national associations
of outbound travel agencies and
inbound tour operators in 1979. It
was founded to foster unity in the
travel industry and to promote the
welfare of its members and the
traveling public.
4. Pacific Asia Travel Association
(PATA)
✘ The objective of the PATA is the
promotion and development of
tourism, advancement of the
interest of members.
✘ PATA is a membership
association acting as a catalyst
for the responsible
development of the Asia Pacific
travel and tourism industry.
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33. Tourism Industry as often describe as “People Industry”
meaning that the very nature of the activity or the experience ensure
that you will meet new people in new places.
Society and culture refers to your way of life, how you live, how
you relate to others, your customs and your character. So how is this
related to tourism? Society and culture greatly influence how you
behave, what you feel comfortable with, how you like to be treated,
how you treat others, and what you respect and value.
Societies and cultures are all different, and it is this that makes
travel exciting - the opportunity to see how other people live their lives
and relate to their environment.
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34. The social and cultural impacts of tourism can result in changes to
patterns of behavior, lifestyle and the quality of life of the inhabitants or
local people. Tourism, like all business ventures can have an impact on
communities and may be positive or negative, and sometimes both. The
areas tourism can significantly affect a community and its inhabitants
include:
✘ Quality of life
✘ Employment and business opportunities
✘ Facilities and amenities
✘ Infrastructure development e.g. hotels, resorts
✘ Population growth.
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35. Meanwhile, there are generic impacts in the social and cultural of
tourism specifically in the people and community. These are:
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Act as Economic Shock Absorber
Services such as tourism act as an
“economic shock absorber” helping
to support communities,
particularly in rural areas, through
economic drought, as services are
more recession – proof than goods.
Provide Opportunity to Local
Tourism provides opportunity for
regional development particularly
for regional areas undergoing
structural change. Being a labor
intensive industry, with the right
encouragement tourism can
deliver great employment and
training opportunities particularly
for young people.

36. Improved Infrastructure
Tourism brings a lot of benefit to
host community. Improved
infrastructure such as in power,
water, telecommunication, access,
services and new investment, all
serve to enhance the lifestyle of
communities.
Bring Sense of Community Pride
As visitors chooses to visit a
location for season. However,
community pride is generally
related to economic prosperity with
affluent communities more likely to
take pride in their distinct.
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37. Tourism as an interface for
Cultural Exchange
Tourism is an interface for cultural
exchange, facilitating the
interaction between communities
and visitors (domestic and
international).
Preservation of Local Culture
a growing number of cultural
celebrations are emerging
highlighting important events and
paying homage to ancestors.
Cultural events assert identity and
help preserve local traditions in
younger generations while
influencing visitors first hand.
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38. Better Quality of Life
The Economic benefits of tourism (such as
increased business activity, employment
opportunities, and improvements of facilities and
infrastructure) can also be classed as social
benefits as they help to improve the quality of life
in local communities.
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39. JOB OPPORTUNITIES IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY
Tourism is a diverse industry which offers long-term career
opportunities for enthusiastic individuals who want to put their
education and skills to work in various environment
✘ Functions that are dealt with on a daily basis to maintain a business.
✘ Managers in this area would:
✗ Ensure proper staffing
✗ Make sure operations run smoothly and efficiently
✗ Adhere to government regulations
✘ Possible Jobs: Restaurant Manager, Contract Food Service Manager,
Food & Beverage Director
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40. Production
✘ Daily planning and producing
quality food items
✘ Managers in this area would:
✗ Staff schedule
✗ Train employees
✘ Possible Jobs: Purchasing
Director, Receiving Manager,
Chef.
Food & Beverage Service
✘ Providing quality food in a
prompt and efficient way.
✘ Managers in this area would:
✗ Satisfy guest needs
✘ Possible Jobs:
✗ Catering Manager
✗ Banquet Manager
✗ Beverage-Service Manager
✗ Convention Service
Manager
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41. Human Resources
✘ In charge in recruiting, hiring,
training hotel personnel.
✘ Managers in this area would:
✗ Understand legal issues
related to employment
✗ Plan & Organize
✘ Possible Jobs:
✗ Training Manager
✗ Human Resource Manager
✗ Diversity Manager
Operations
✘ Daily operations of
accommodation facility
✘ Managers in this area would:
✗ Work with other divisions in
the hotel
✗ Handles guest safety &
security
✘ Possible Jobs:
✗ Engineer
✗ Security Manager
✗ Revenue Manager
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Accommodation

42. Room Division
✘ It has the largest number of employees and generates the largest
amount of revenue for a hotel.
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✘ Possible Management Positions:
✗ Divisions Manager
✗ Front Desk Manager
✗ Executive Housekeeper
✘ Positions in this area would
include:
✗ Front-desk
✗ Housekeeping
✗ Reservations
✗ Guest Services
✗ Concierge

43. Sales Marketing
✘ Provides revenue for a location by selling rooms and meeting
space
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✘ Possible Management Jobs:
✗ Sales Director
✗ Marketing Director
✗ Account Manager
✘ Employees working for this
area would:
✗ Generates leads
✗ Plan and determine
target market
✗ Monitor competition

44. Transportation
✘ Employees working in this area would:
✗ Have good customer-service skills.
✗ Understand scheduling of various types of transportation.
✘ Possible Jobs:
✗ Reservations Agent
✗ Flight Attendant
✗ Ticketing Agent
✗ Airport Representative
✗ Ground Crew
✗ Baggage Handlers
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45. Distribution Channel
✘ Travel Intermediaries who
promote goods and services to
guests.
✘ Agents in this area would
✗ Recognize needs of guest
✗ Sell Travel Packages
✘ Possible Jobs:
✗ Tour Operator
✗ ravel Consultants
✗ Reservation Agent
✗ Incentive Travel Specialist
✗ Travel Manager
Destination
✘ Job roles that are directly
related to servicing the tourist
or visitors at the local or
regional level.
✘ Possible Jobs:
✗ Tourist Officer / Manager
✗ Tour Guide
✗ Tourist Visitor Officer
✗ Special Events Coordinator
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Travel Trade

46. Events and Conferences
✘ Because of the enormous growth potential of the business
meetings and events market and because of the specialized skills
involved in this sector, industry endorsement through
accreditation of competency for professional in the industry is a
much sought after form of recognition
✘ Possible Jobs:
✗ Event Manager
✗ Event Planner
✗ Special Event Coordinator
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47. Tourism Services
They are involved in the planning and funding for infrastructure
projects (particularly transport), research and statistics and
destination marketing programs
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✘ Tourism related job opportunities
within the government sectors:
✗ Advertising & Promotion
✗ Public relation & media liaison
✗ market research & analysis
✗ Tourism product development
✗ Special Events Coordinator
✘ Tourism Operation
✗ Travel Agents
✗ Tour Guides
✗ Tour Operators

48. Industry Expectation of Staff: The Tourism Professional
The worldwide growth of tourism and its respective industries has also
resulted in a rapid expansion of tourism education at various levels including
higher education (Hudson, 2005). The interdisciplinary aspect of tourism is
becoming more and more important in the labor market (Zehrer, Siller, &
Altmann, 2006). It has for instance been noted that when employers recruit
graduates, they are typically seeking individuals with not only specific academic
skills and knowledge in a certain subject, but with the capability to be proactive
and to see and respond to problems creatively and autonomously (Fallows &
Steven, 2000). To meet the demands of the tourism employment market both
on a personal and a career level, people need to acquire competencies that
enable them to cope with the changing circumstances of the business world.
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49. Tourism Professional
Someone who is able calmly,
courteously and effectively to
meet customer needs and
expectations while maintaining
or achieving the objectives of
the organization.
Service Ethos
The outstanding qualities,
attributes and characteristics a
tourism professional inherently
possesses in the delivery of
service to customers.
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50. Personal Attributes
✘ The ability to communicate effectively and provide service in
timely and helpful manners.
✘ The qualities that are most value to an employer are:
✗ Dedication
✗ Honesty
✗ Punctuality
✗ Positive attitude, and
✗ Excellence in personal presentation
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51. Work Performance
✘ There is the expectation that the People offering that service
are able to do so efficiently, Knowledgeably, skillfully, ethically,
and courteously.
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Work Ethic
✘ Showing up (regularly)
✘ Arriving on time, ready to
work
✘ Listening to and following
instructions
✘ Willingness to learn (learning
attitude)
✘ Performing quality work
✘ Displaying a positive “Can
do” attitude.
✘ Completing work in a timely
manner

52. Industry Working Conditions
✘ Tourism is one of the world’s largest and rapidly growing
industries. In the 21st century, global economy driven by three
major industries includes technology, telecommunication and
tourism. Tourism is the collection of activities, services and
industries that deliver a travel experiences.
✘ Tourism and hospitality industries create many employment
opportunities in different areas like accommodations, transportation,
attractions sites
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Diagrams and infographics
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THANKS!