immune response basic

2. Immunity Involves Both Humoral
and Cellular Components
 Pasteur showed that vaccination worked, but he did not
understand how.
 Few believed that immune response is mediated by cells.
 While other postulated that a soluble agent delivered
protection.
 The debate went for long period, but did not find any
results.

3. Emil Adolph von Behring (1854–1917) and
Shibasaburo Kitasato (1852–1931)

4. Nobel Prize
 In 1890, the experimental work of Emil von Behring and
Shibasaburo Kitasato gave the first insights into the
mechanism of immunity.
 They demonstrated the “serum” concept. Serum is an liquid,
non cellular component of blood.
 They stated that inducing serum, protect them from disease.
 Which leads Von Behring to win Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine in 1901.
 Later in 1930’s, Elvin kabat, proved that ‘gamma-globulins’ now
‘immunoglobulin’ are behind all.
 Later named as Humoral Immunity from the word
“humor”(body fluid).

5. Elie Metchnikoff (15 May 1845 – 15 July 1916)

6. Cellular Immune Response
 In 1883, while the study of serum based immunity was
being studied, one more concept was coming out.
 Concept of cellular immune response.
 In 1908, Elie Metchnikoff won Nobel Prize, for clearing the
concept of cell based immunity.
 He proved that some WBC’s named “phagocytes” later,
perform their part in immunity.
 According to him, phagocytes ingest the invading
microorganism and eliminates it from the body.
 He named this process cell-mediated immunity.

7. Improved cell culture and transfer techniques
in the 1950s, the lymphocyte was identified as
the cell type responsible for both Cellular and
Humoral immunity.