Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Convergent divergent thinking & wireframeprototyping
Similar to Convergent divergent thinking & wireframeprototyping (20)
More from Priyanka Rana
More from Priyanka Rana (17)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Convergent divergent thinking & wireframeprototyping
- 1. Convergent & Divergent Thinking Wireframe & Prototyping 1
- 2. Creativity can be learned and refined Analogy: riding a bicycle! • There are two processes involved in creativity: – Divergent thinking – Convergent thinking CP2408 - Design Thinking and Creative IT Industries 2
- 3. 3
- 4. 4
- 5. 5
- 6. 6
- 7. Do you think Divergent thinking is creativity? 7
- 8. 1. Brainstorming. The goal of brainstorming is to generate as many ideas as possible in a short period of time. The key tool in brainstorming is "piggybacking," or using one idea to stimulate other ideas. 2. Keeping a Journal. By carrying a journal, one can create a collection of thoughts on various subjects that later become a source book of ideas. Techniques to Stimulate Divergent Thinking 8
- 9. 3. Freewriting. When free-writing, a person will focus on one particular topic and write non- stop about it for a short period of time. 4. Mind or Subject Mapping. Mind or subject mapping involves putting brainstormed ideas in the form of a visual map or picture that that shows the relationships among these ideas. This creates a visual image or "map" of the topic which the writer can use to develop the topic further. Techniques to Stimulate Divergent Thinking (Cont.) 9
- 10. 10
- 11. Convergent thinking is about: finding the best solution • Also known as analytical thinking – Solutions arrived at via logical arguments – Try and find the best / optimal form of the solution • Use your knowledge / understanding of what makes the best solution to a given type of problem • The ideas created by divergent thinking are source material CP2408 - Design Thinking and Creative IT Industries 11
- 12. 12
- 13. • Knowledge • Probabilities • Logic • Decision making strategies • Answers evaluated from multiple techniques. Most popular techniques used in convergent thinking are 13
- 14. • Create categories from the data by grouping similar things together. • What stands out about the different categories? • Establish evaluation criteria. • Conduct a “dot-vote” for prioritization. • Choose the one with highest votes. In a team use an affinity sort to recognize patterns. 14
- 15. 15
- 16. 16
- 17. 17
- 18. 18
- 19. Is this a convergent or divergent learning activity? 19
- 20. X’s Book Cover – 3 years old 20
- 21. Is this a convergent or divergent learning activity? 21
- 22. Minimal Viable Product CP2408 - Design Thinking and Creative IT Industries 22 ● Build the smallest possible product/feature that satisfies the hypothesis ● An MVP allows the developers to: ○ Deliver value to the customer & users ○ Learn something from the customers & users
- 23. 23
- 24. Structure – How will the pieces of this site be put together? Content – What will be displayed on the site? Informational hierarchy – How is this information organized and displayed? Functionality – How will this interface work? Behavior – How does it interact with the user? Wireframe Communicates details 24
- 25. Wireframes are NOT supposed to represent the visual design, contact graphic elements, or convey the brand or identity. 25
- 26. What is a Wireframe? According to Usability.gov, “A wireframe is a visual illustration of one Web page. It’s simply meant to illustrate the features, content and links that need to appear on a page so that your design team can mock up a visual interface and your programmers understand the page features and how they are supposed to work. One of the main purposes of a wireframe is to show you where each item should be placed on a page.” Wireframes & Prototypes: Is There Really a Difference? 26
- 29. “A prototype is “a product that is designed and built to test a new design. The prototype is used to correct mistakes and make [the design] more user friendly” (wiki.answers.com). It is a “fully functional working model of a final product” (onlineschools.org).” What is a Prototype? 29
- 30. Medium-fidelity prototype with minimal visuals and interactions 30
- 32. Serve as useful communication tools for digital teams to create better, more user-centered products, and produce better results. Help stakeholders visualize the project specifications – based on research, goals, and assumed requirements Provide enough information, useful feedback and get a product to market faster. Wireframes & prototypes advantages 32
- 33. Whether, your team uses wireframes and/or prototypes is completely dependent on the project, as well as your stakeholder and clients’ needs. Furthermore, it is important that you have the right tool that allows you to quickly and accurately develop and share the wireframes and prototypes you need to get the job done. Which one is for me? 33
Editor's Notes
- Creativity is doing something meaningful in a very different way, most of us think that we are not enough creative and it is the skill of some very different people, actually that’s not true. If we practice it enough specially if a child does lot of practice from being a toddler he or she grows up to be a very creative adult. Its like this skill goes in his sub conscious mind and becomes os natural that it looks so obvious That’s why playing video games in young age is too controversial, according to studies, they don’t trigger any neural action ad hence Every time we think a neural connection is made, more connections we have more intelligent we are Just like when you hear someone shout your name from the back of a crowded room can be important, so our brains are trained to recognize the sound of our name and call it to our attention no matter how rowdy and loud the rest of the room may be. Our subconscious brains are more aware than “we” are. “It may be that conscious processing is needed in the early stages of learning…Once a suitably accurate procedural memory is formed, conscious resources can be freed up to deal with problems that do not (yet) have habitual or purely procedural solutions….Learning to ride a bike [for example.] Initially, you have to consciously keep track of what you’re doing. Eventually your body figures out how to pedal and balance. At no stage can you consciously describe what your muscles are doing while riding a bike. ” It might be wise, then, to setup a type of creative thinking ritual or form a ritualistic habit whenever you find yourself wanting to do something creative. Ultimately: think of being creative like riding a bike. At first you might struggle, but after a while it will come naturally, just like that. <number>
- similar to brainstorming: that is coming up with many ideas to solve one single problem Alternative use tests and incomplete figure tests are used to test creativity. <number>
- With divergent thinking, we begin with a prompt, and we generate many solutions. Examples of prompts that stimulate divergent thinking include: 1) Tell me a story about a rabbit. 2) This is a road- There is a lion -, here its you How to cross the road 3) What might be challenging about being the president? <number>
- Its NOT Creativity is the process of having an original ideas that have value But its an essential capacity for creativity, ability to see lots of possible answers to a question, lots of ways to interpret the questions Note, however, that while some people refer to divergent thinking synonymously with creativity, it's not the same as creativity. Creativity-happens when divergent production is measured against criteria, when we assess the value of divergent solutions against certain standards: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zABwof_oYrw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ina81c7hpo <number>
- <number>
- <number>
- How many uses can you find for a paperclip? you can twist it to draw a triangles, rectangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons. if it’s hollow and big you can use it to drive water to your plants twist it around several cables to keep them together A longitudinal study gave a test of divergent thinking for which reaching above a certain score indicated ‘genius’ status in this type of thinking. 98% of the kindergarten children who took the test scored at genius level, indicating we all have that capability. But over time, the study found that those same students’(8 to 10 years old) divergent thinking scores declined- retesting 13-15 declines further. Rather than developing students’ thinking, the overly standardized model (which often leaves students feeling bored and irrelevant) stifles thinking and pushes all students down a relatively creativity-free path. <number>
- With convergent thinking, we begin with pieces of information, and we converge around a solution. Information might be a question, a problem, pieces of evidence, or data. Most math problems require convergent thinking; they offer pieces of information, and you arrive at a single conclusion. Variety of tests, such as multiple choice tests, standardized tests, quizzes, spelling tests and similar other tests require convergent thinking, because only one answer can be 100% correct. <number>
- Convergent thinking is a problem solving technique involving the bringing together different ideas from different participants or fields to determine a single best solution to a lucidly defined problem. In other words, this is a kind of thinking that concentrates on finding out the single best or frequently, correct solution to a problem or answer to a question. A vital facet of convergent thinking is that it culminates in one best answer, meaning there is no chance for ambiguity(more than one). You either have a right answer or a wrong one. This type of thinking is also associated with knowledge (one of the key facets of creativity) as it entails using existing knowledge by way of standard procedures. 5-year old boy, David, took the IQ test and did poorly; he wasn’t a convergent thinker. He got this question wrong: What color is a banana? The “right” answer was yellow. David answered white and got the question wrong. <number>
- Most popular techniques used in convergent thinking are knowledge, probabilities, logic, decision making strategies, and answers evaluated from multiple techniques are individually analysed to figure out the best possible solution. <number>
- Here are a few best-practices for converging on next steps: Use an affinity sort to recognize patterns.Create categories from the data by grouping similar things together. What stands out about the different categories? Establish evaluation criteria.Use a common set of goals or metrics to evaluate new concepts in a consistent manner. Try visualizing these criteria with a framework. Force yourself to “state the answer if you had to do it now.”By making a quick decision, you can see where you and your team might be viewing the options differently. It’s a great way to spark productive conversation. Conduct a “dot-vote” for prioritization.In a group setting, give everyone 5 sticky dots. Have each team member vote on their preferred ideas to establish priority. Sketch ways of structuring your problem.Try sketching a bubble diagram. Using a visual medium makes your brain work in a different way. Give it some space.Remember to get away from the problem for a day or two — sleep on it so that your subconscious can work on the problem. <number>
- Divergent thinking wouldn’t be applicable in multiple choice tests or standardized tests, which require a single absolute answer. A convergent thinker would only regard a person be either sick or healthy. A medical student can be either a doctor or nothing. ------------------------------------- Divergent thinking wouldn’t be applicable in multiple choice tests or standardized tests, which require a single absolute answer. A person can be both sick and healthy. For instance, a man can be under great stress mentally but perfectly fit physically. Medical student on the basis of knowledge will tell a stressed person as healthy because he is not suffering from any health While a person who is a divergent thinker, will tag that as a mental stress as a diesease <number>
- Both these thinking processes are implemented in order to explore creativity and find solutions to different problems. <number>
- This is the combination of creativity and critical thinking. This is also the key to assessing creative work. If we can identify the characteristics of a good solution, then we can measure the value of each response, however different and original they may be.If someone uses a paperclip to unlock a door when he or she has forgotten his or her key, then we recognize both the divergent thinking (using the paperclip in a new way) and the convergent production (lock + paperclip + jiggling the paperclip a certain way + pulling on the door = open door). In these ways, convergent thinking can produce new ideas scientifically, and divergent thinking can produce new ideas artistically. The best artists and scientists combine convergent and divergent together to produce meaningful art and creative science. <number>
- Creativity--happens when divergent production is measured against criteria, when we assess the value of divergent solutions against certain standards: One key - to the Creative Problem Solving process is the use of both divergent and convergent thinking. Divergent thinking is wide and free. When you diverge, you generate many options. Divergent thinking is followed by convergent thinking, in which you assess, judge, and strengthen those options, and then decide what to keep and how to proceed. Creative Problem Solving requires both divergent and convergent thinking, but not at the same time. Trying to do both at once is a mess. If you've ever been in a meeting where people are generating ideas, and shooting them down at the same time, you understand why we need to keep these two thinking modes separate. <number>
- Made by a kindergarten student Convergent. Why? Because the shapes had to go where the teacher said, to make a person, and there is a right answer. It could have been divergent if the teacher had allowed for the learner to put the shapes anywhere. Now that would have been cool! <number>
- Divergent. Some scribble by child He is using shapes and lines to write and illustrate what she chooses. There is no right answer. <number>
- Convergent. The heart looks like an adult did it, not a two-year old since the heart is glued in place, the glue dots and sequens are bordering the heart very nice and tidy. What would have made this divergent? What would have made this divergent? Letting Bodie do whatever he wanted with the supplies. Letting him use a glue stick to do his own glue, allowing him to make a sideways shape with sequence piled one on top of each other – or whatever he wanted. <number>
- Example page 56 of Lean UX is good <number>
- Let’s say your team believes that the customer base wants a car. You hypothesize that by producing a particular output (the car), you will have a particular outcome (the target audience is happy and wants the car), which will result in a business impact in the form of revenue (people buy the car). Your team, however, doesn’t understand how to deliver a minimum viable product. You’ve broken up the release of the car into four stages, or iterations, which will be delivered one at a time. Iterations one, two, and three give you no insights into what customers want. In iteration one, you produce a wheel. If customers are hoping for a vehicle, they’re going to be disappointed, as illustrated by the frowny face. In iteration two – two wheels on an axle – you still don’t have a minimum viable product; two wheels in isolation don’t help people who are looking for a way to get from place to place. Customers aren’t going to buy this pair of wheels. Iteration three, which lacks a mechanism for steering, continues to leave people unhappy and unwilling to buy. Iterations one, two, and three are not viable products. Iteration four finally provides a complete vehicle. Until this point, nobody has wanted anything to do with your output. You haven’t had any results to observe and learn from. What if your hypothesis was wrong, and the audience really wanted a boat, not a car ? You would have wasted tons of time and resources creating a car, falsely expecting to make people happy and to have them shower your company with money. And you would have learned nothing. <number>
- Wireframes are not supposed to represent the visual design, contact graphic elements, or convey the brand or identity. <number>
- The terms “wireframe” and “prototype” are often used interchangeably – possibly due to convenience or misunderstanding – but it’s important to know what sets these two terms apart and how you benefit from each because sometimes your project will only need a wireframe, and sometimes it will require a prototype. http://community.protoshare.com/2010/12/wireframes-prototypes-is-there-really-a-difference/ <number>
- It is simply a visual layout of a website to determine where each component on a page will live, and it also identify the site map hierarchy. Depending on the needs of a project, a wireframe may evolve from simple gray boxes identifying page real estate to including basic graphics or actual text so that designers and developers can gain a better feel for how everything fits together. <number>
- From identifying page real estate to including basic graphics or actual text Once a wireframe starts becoming interactive – including animations, clickable navigation, and state functionality – it crosses the line into a prototype. <number>
- Prototyping is a testing concept that originates from many other disciplines, including mechanical and structural engineering. However, it serves the same purpose for the interactive/digital industry as well. A website or web application prototype lets stakeholders take the visual wireframe a step further – or a few steps further, depending on a project’s complexity – in order to flesh out and test the specs before coding and development begin. <number>
- In the most basic sense, a low-fidelity prototype is often referred to as a “clickable” or “functional” wireframe. This is when one navigates between linked wireframe pages to understand how they are connected. But clickable wireframes can evolve into more advanced prototypes depending on the wireframe’s fidelity (gray box vs. graphic and text) and the complexity of interactions desired to present or test with stakeholders and/or users (accordion menus, carousels, etc.). <number>
- The role of wireframes is to create a foundation for designers to start from and to flesh out requirements early in the interactive development process. Some projects are simple and straightforward enough that they can go directly to design and development once wireframes are approved. Other projects, however, involve complex functionality and interactions that require the need of fully functional prototypes. In addition to helping both the team and stakeholders visually understand proposed interactions, prototypes can be utilized for usability testing, thereby reducing rework after time and money are sunk into development. <number>
- Wireframes and prototypes primarily differ in terms of functionality, but both serve as useful communication tools for digital teams to create better, more user-centered products, and produce better results than just having the developers jump right into building after goals are set. Wireframes and prototypes also help stakeholders visualize the project specifications – based on research, goals, and assumed requirements – giving them enough information to provide early, useful feedback and get a product to market faster. Working out the kinks prior to coding saves on expensive rework and allows programmers to build the website or web application right, the first time around. Using and, most importantly, sharing wireframes and prototypes open the lines of communication between UX and designers, designers and programmers, and project managers and clients or other stakeholders. By getting on the same page early in the process, you can set the tone for a successful project. <number>
- While wireframes and prototypes have some similarities, they are really two different artifacts in the interactive development process, and used when the project requires it. How, or whether, your team uses wireframes and/or prototypes is completely dependent on the project, as well as your stakeholder and clients’ needs. Furthermore, it is important that you have the right tool that allows you to quickly and accurately develop and share the wireframes and prototypes you need to get the job done. Because, in the end, it’s all about developing, and launching, a successful project – both on time and on budget. <number>