the lesson explores the early childhoo development in ites entireity. It explores all aspects of holistice developoment of early childhood stage.

1. Growth and Development
Stages of Growth & Development – Lesson 2
Home science
1

2. Stages of
Growth and
Development
Sr. No Stages Age Span
1 Infancy Birth to 2 years
2 Childhood
Early childhood
Late childhood
2 to 12 years
2 t0 6 years
6 – 12 years
3 Adolescence 12 – 19 years
4 Adulthood
Early adulthood
Late adulthood
19 – 65 years
19 – 40 years
40 – 65 years
5 Old age /
Senior citizens
From 65 years

3. Infancy
• Birth to one year
• Period of rapid growth
• Males are usually
heavier and taller than
females at birth
3

4. 4
Early Childhood
• One year to six years of age
• Gradual loss of “baby fat”
• Girls lose less fat than boys
• Rapid growth but not as rapid as infancy
• Quite flexible
• Muscle development while at play
Mid-Childhood
Six to ten years of age
Slower, more constant growth
Improved coordination and motor
functioning

5. Late Childhood – 6 to 12 years
• Increased rate of growth
• Fat deposition just prior to adolescent
growth spurt
• 9-10 years of age in girls
• 11-12 years of age in boys
Individual differences in maturation
• Development of the reproductive system
• Appearance of secondary sex characteristics
• Breasts
• Pubic Hair
Redistribution of body weight
• Boys - muscle tissue, body fat
• Girls - slight body fat
5

6. Adolescence
• TTwelve to Nineteen years of age
• Following puberty
• Ends with onset of adulthood
• Obvious differences in physical growth
cease with the end of adolescence

7. Maturation &
learning
• These two interact always
• Growth in height is not learnt but a
biological process
• Speaking, walking etc depend on
maturation and learning
• Maturation refers to qualitative and
quantitative changes that occur
independent of external conditions
• Learning implies experience and
exercise

8. Physical
Development
It refers to the increase in weight and height and the
associated changes in shape and size of the child.
Weight – Aprox. birth weight – 3 kgs
• Doubles by 6 months
• Triples by one year
• At two, - child is 12 to 14 Kgs
• Growth rate thereafter is 2 Kgs / year
Height – at birth 20”
• At one year 10” more
• At two – 35”
• Growth rate thereafter is 3” – 4” / year
• Body proportion – improvement
• Temporary teeth
8

9. Physical
Development
9
At Age 5 child weighs
about 35 pounds and is
35-40” tall.
Girls at this age are
shorter and weigh less
than the boys of that age.

10. Growth Patterns
The child’s pattern of growth is in a head-to-toe
direction or cephalo-caudal, and in an inward to
outward pattern called proximodistal.
• Ability to use muscles and bones to perform
different skills
• Urine and bowel movement control – 2 ½ yrs
• Development moves from bigger to smaller
muscles

11. Growth
Patterns
contd…
• Comparison of a child’s development with
the benchmark helps to determine whether
developmental milestones are met.
• Slight variations may be possible
• Some may show reversal of the recognized
order or skip some phases.
• Red flag – when the developmental
milestones are not met with it is called a red
flag. Parents will then consult doctors or
other professionals.
11

12. Growth and
Development
End of Lesson 2
12