Newton's rings is a phenomenon in which an interference pattern is created by the reflection of light between two surfaces—a spherical surface and an adjacent touching flat surface. It is named for Isaac Newton, who first studied the effect in 1717. When viewed with monochromatic light, Newton's rings appear as a series of concentric, alternating bright and dark rings centered at the point of contact between the two surfaces. When viewed with white light, it forms a concentric ring pattern of rainbow colors, because the different wavelengths of light interfere at different thicknesses of the air layer between the surfaces.

2.  ຽພືໃ ຬຆຬກຫາລັຈສະໝີ຃ວາມ຿຃ໄຄຂຬຄ຾ກໄວຉາຽສືຬສຸມ຾ສຄ

4. r ລັຈສະໝີວ຺ຄ຾ຫວຌຌິວຽຉີຌ
R ລັຈສະໝີ຿຃ໄຄຂຬຄ຾ກໄວຉາຽສືຬ

5.  ຅າກອູຍຽອ຺າມີ 𝑅2
=(𝑅 − 𝑑)2
+ 𝑟2
 𝑅2
= 𝑅2
− 2𝑅𝑑 + 𝑑2
+ 𝑟2
 2𝑅𝑑 = 𝑑2
+ 𝑟2
 => 𝑑 =
𝑑2:𝑟2
2𝑅
(1)
 ຊໄາ 𝑑 ≪ 𝑟 ຈັໃຄຌ ັໄຌ 𝑑 =
𝑟2
2𝑅
(2)
 ຾ຉໃເຌກາຌສຬຈສະຫົັຍວ຺ຄມືຈ຋ີໃ m ແຈໄສະ຾ຈຄຈໄວງສ຺ມຏ຺ຌຈັໃຄຌີໄ:
2𝑑 = 𝑚𝜆
(3)
ຽຬ຺າ຃ໃາຂຬຄສ຺ມຏ຺ຌ (2) ຾຋ຌເສໃ (3) ຅ະແຈໄ:
2
𝑟2
2𝑅
= 𝑚𝜆 ຆືໃຄ 𝑚 = 0,1,2,3,4, … … (4)
𝒓 𝟐
= 𝒎𝑹𝝀
(5)
ຫົືຌາເຆໄ 𝐷2
= 4𝑚𝑅𝜆
r ຃ືລັຈສະໝີຂຬຄວ຺ຄ຾ຫວຌຌິວຽຉີຌ຋ີໃ m
D ຃ືຽສັໄຌຏໃາເ຅ກາຄຂຬຄວ຺ຄ຾ຫວຌຌິວຽຉີຌ

6. ວົ ຄ x
ວົ ຄ y
𝐷 𝑥
𝐷 𝑦

7.  ດັ່ ຄນັ້ ນ ສົ ມຜົ ນ 2
𝑟2
2𝑅
= 𝑚𝜆 ຅ັ່ ຄກາຍເປນ
𝑟𝑦
2 − 𝑟𝑥
2 = 𝑚𝑅𝜆 (6)
 ໃນທາຄປະຕິ ບດການວດແທກເສັ້ ນຜັ່ າໃ຅ກາຄ຅ະມີ ຃ວາມສະ
ດວກກວັ່ າ ແລະ ຃ວາມຜິ ດບັ່ ຽຄກັ່ ຅ະໜັ້ ອຍກວັ່ າ
ດັ່ ຄສົ ມຜົ ນ (6) ຅ະກາຍເປນ
𝑫 𝒚
𝟐
𝟐
−
𝑫 𝒙
𝟐
𝟐
= 𝑚𝑹𝝀
𝐷 𝑦
2 − 𝐷 𝑥
2 = 𝑚4𝑅𝜆

8. 1. ສຶກສາ​ກາຌ​ເຆໄ​ຄ​າຌຂຬຄ Traveling Microscope
2. ຅ ັຈຬຸຎະກຬຌຈັໃຄອູຍ

9. 1. ເຆໄຽ຅ໄງ຾ຏໃຌຌໄຬງໂວາຄຽ຋ິຄ຾ຏໃຌ຾ກໄວ(ຽຆີໃຄ຅ະເຆໄວາຄ຾ກໄວຉາຽສືຬ) ຎັຍ
ກໄຬຄເຫຽຫັຌຽ຅ໄງຆັຈຽ຅ຌ ຾ລະ ຢູໃຽ຃ືໃຬຄກາໝາງ,ຽຬ຺າຽ຅ໄງຬຬກ຾ລໄວຽຬ຺າ
຾ກໄວຉາຽສືຬສຸມ຾ສຄມາວາຄ຾຋ຌ຿ຈງເຫໄໜໄາ຿຃ໄຄຂຬຄມ ັຌລ຺ຄຈໄາຌລຸໃມ
ກະເຫໄ຅ຸຈຽ຃ີໃຄກາຄຂຬຄ຾ກໄວຢູໃຍໃຬຌ຋ີໃ ວາຄຽ຅ໄງ
2. ຎັຍ຾ສຄເຫໄຆືໃກ ັຍ຾ຏໃຌ຾ກໄວຈໄາຌຽ຋ິຄ ຽພືໃ ຬເຫໄ຾ສຄສະ຋ໄຬຌຉັໄຄສາກກ ັຍ
຾ກໄວຉາຽສືຬ
3. ຎັຍກໄຬຄ຅ຸລະ຋ັຈເຫໄຽຫັຌຂີຈຽຄ຺າ຾຅ໄຄ ຾ລະ ມືຈ຋ີໃ ຽຎັຌວ຺ຄມ ຺ຌເຫໄຆັຈຽ຅ຌ຋ີໃ
ສຸຈ
4. ວັຈ຾຋ກ຃ໃາ ສາລັຍວ຺ຄມືຈຉິຈໂກ ັຌແຎ຿ຈງຬໃາຌ຃ໃາ຋ີໃ ຽ຃ືໃຬຄວັຈ຾຋ກຉິຈ
ກ ັຍກໄຬຄ຅ຸລະ຋ັຈ຾ລໄວຍັຌ຋ຶກເສໃຉາຉາລາຄ

10. ລາດບ ຕາແໜັ່ ຄ
X
ຕາແໜັ່ ຄ
y
Y-X 𝐷 𝑦 𝐷X 𝐷 𝑦
2
− 𝐷 𝑥
2
1 1,8 cm 2 cm 0,2 cm 4cm 3,6cm 3,04
2 2,1 cm 2,4 cm 0,3 cm 4,8cm 4,2cm 5,4
3 2,5 cm 2,9 cm 0,4 cm 5,8cm 5cm 8,64
ຕາຕາລາຄ 1
ຕາຕາລາຄ 1
m 𝑅(m) r (m) 𝑅 (𝑚) 𝜆(𝑛𝑚)
1 6,78 0,2
1370 589,62 7,63 0,3
3 6,78 0,4

11. ຅າກຂໄມູມກາຌ຋຺ຈລຬຄ຋ີໃ ແຈໄມາເຌຉາຉາລາຄ(1.1)ຽອ຺າສາມາຈຌາມາຆຬກຫາ
຃ໃາຂຬຄ:
 y-x=2-1,8=0,2
y-x=2,4-2,1=0,3
y-x=2,9-2,4=0,4
 𝐷 𝑦
2 − 𝐷 𝑥
2 = (42) − 3,6 2 = 16 − 12,96 = 3,04
𝐷 𝑦
2 − 𝐷 𝑥
2 = (4,8)2− 4,2 2 = 23,04 − 17,64 = 5,4
𝐷 𝑦
2 − 𝐷 𝑥
2 = (5,8)2− 5 2 = 33,64 − 25 = 8,64
1. ຆຬກຫາ 𝑅 ຿ຈງ຾຋ຌ຃ໃາ຅າກຉາຉາລາຄ(1)ເສໃ຾ຍຍຉັໄຄລຸໃມຌີໄ
𝑟2 = 𝑚𝑅𝜆
=> 𝑅 =
𝑟2
𝑚𝜆
຾຋ຌ຃ໃາ຋ີໃ ແຈໄ຅າກຉາຉາລາຄ(1)ເສໃ
ຆືໃຄວໃາ r = y-x = 0,2 cm => 2. 10;3 𝑚
r = y-x = 0,3 cm => 3. 10;3 𝑚
r = y-x = 0,4 cm => 4. 10;3
𝑚
m=1;2;3

12.  𝑅1 =
𝑟2
𝑚𝜆
=
(2.10−3)2
1×589,6
=
4×10−6
589,6
= 6,78 × 10;3
× 10;6
=6,78× 10;9 𝑛𝑚 = 6,78𝑚
 𝑅2=
𝑟2
𝑚𝜆
=
(3.10−3)2
2×589,6
=
9×10−6
1179,2
= 7,63 × 10;3 × 10;6
=7,63× 10;9
𝑛𝑚 = 7,63𝑚
 𝑅3=
𝑟2
𝑚𝜆
=
(4.10−3)2
3×589,6
=
12×10−6
1768,8
= 6,78 × 10;3 × 10;6
=6,78× 10;9
𝑛𝑚 = 6,78𝑚

13. 2. ແຕັ້ ມເສັ້ ນສະແດຄຂອຄ 𝐷 𝑦
2
− 𝐷 𝑥
2
ເປນແກນຕັ້ ຄກບ y-x ເປນແກນນອນ
y-x
𝐷 𝑦
2 − 𝐷 𝑥
2
0,2
0,3
0,4
3,04
5,4
8,64
0

14. 3. ຃ິຈແລໃຫາ຃ໃາຂຬຄ slope ຅າກຽສັໄຌສະ຾ຈຄ ເຌຌີໄ slope ຃ື຃ວາມຆັຌຂຬຄຽສັໄຌ
ສະ຾ຈຄ.
຅າກ຾ຍຍຉັໄຄ: Slope =
∆(𝐷 𝑦
2;𝐷 𝑥
2)
∆(𝑦;𝑥)
຿ຈງ຋ີໃ ∆(𝐷 𝑦
2
− 𝐷 𝑥
2
)=8,64-5,4=3,24 cm
∆(𝑦 − 𝑥)=0,4-0,3=0,1 cm
຾຋ຌເສໃສູຈແຈໄ: Slope =
8,64;5,4
0,4;0,3
=
3,24
0,1
= 32,4 cm
ຈັໃຄຌ ັໄຌແຈໄ Slope =3,24.10;3
m
4. ຽອ຺າສາມາຈຆຬກຫາ 𝑅 ແຈໄຬິກ຅າກ຾ຍຍຉັໄຄ:
=> 𝑅 =
Slope
4𝜆
=
3,24×10−3
4×589,6×10−9 =
3,24×106
2358,4
= 1,37. 10;3
× 106
ສະຌ ັໄຌ 𝑅 = 1,37. 103
m
ຫົື R = 1370 m

15.  ຅າກຏ຺ຌກາຌ຋຺ຈລຬຄ຋ີແຈໄມາຂໄາຄຽ຋ິຄ຾ມໃຌ ຽອ຺າສາມາຈຆຬກຫາ຃ໃາ
ຂຬຄລັຈສະໝີ຃ວາມ຿຃ໄຄແຈໄຉາມ຅ຸຈຎະສ຺ຄ຋ີໃ ຉໄຬຄກາຌ, ຾ຉໃຏ຺ຌຂຬຄ຃ໃາລັຈ
ສະໝີ຿຃ໄຄ຋ີໃ ຽອ຺າ຋຺ຈລຬຄແຈໄ ຽມືໃຬຌາແຎຎຼຍ຋ຼຍກ ັຍ຃ໃາລັຈສະໝີ຃ວາມ຿຃ໄຄ
຋ີກາຌ ຺ຈແວໄເຌ຾ກໄວຉາຽສືຬພຼຄສວຈ຾ມໃຌຽຫັຌວໃາ ຃ໃາ຋ີໃ ຽອ຺າ຋຺ຈລຬຄແຈໄ
ຌໄຬງກວໃາ຃ໃາ຋ີໃ ກາຌ ຺ຈແວໄ, ຬາຈຽຌືໃຬຄມາ຅າກຫົາງຍັຌຫາຽຆັໃຌວໃາ:
 1. ຍ຺ຈຌີໄຽຎັຌຍ຺ຈ຋ີໃ ມີ຃ວາມສັຍສ຺ຌຫົາງພສ຺ມ຃ວຌ
 2. ສັຍສ຺ຌເຌກາຌຽກັຍກາຂໄມູຌ຅າກກາຌ຋຺ຈລຬຄ ຫົື ຽວລາຎັຍຬຸຎະກຬຌ
ເຫໄຏ຺ຌ຋ີໃ ແຈໄຆັຈຽ຅ຌ຋ີໃ ສຸຈ