My seminar talks about gamma rays ...... GamGamma ray (also called gamma radiation), denoted by the lower-case Greek letter gamma (γ or \gamma ), is extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation and therefore consists of high-energy photons. Paul Villard, a French chemist and physicist, discovered gamma radiation in 1900 while studying radiation emitted by radium. In 1903, Ernest Rutherford named this radiation gamma rays. Rutherford had previously discovered two other types of radioactive decay, which he named alpha and beta rays.

1. ຂຼຌ຿ຈງ: ຋ໄາທ ຽຎໃຓ ຑັກທິຽຘຈ
຋ໄາທ ດໃາຽຘັຄດໃາຄ ເ຅ນທັຄໝັໄຌ
ບາ຅າຌ຋ໃ ຎຶກຘາ: ບາ຅າຌ ຘ຺ຓຘະຊິຈ ຾ກໄທຑິຖາທ຺ຄ
ຘບຌ຿ຈງ: ບາ຅າຌ ທາຈຘະໜາ ຃ ໍາທ຺ຄຘາ
ບາ຅າຌ ຌິຑ຺ຌ ທໍຖະ຅ ັກ
γ

4. Antoine Henri Becquerel
• ເຌຎ ຃ຘ 1896​​ ຽປັຌຖ ຾ຍັກຽ຃ຽຖທ
(Henri Becquerel ) ຽຎັຌ
ຌ ັກທິ຋ະງາຘາຈ຃຺ຌ຋ ໍາບິຈ຋ໃ ຃຺ໄຌຑ຺ຍ
຋າຈກ ໍາຓ ັຌຉະຖັຄຘ຋ໃ ຾ຏໃຖັຄຘບບກຓາ
຅າກ຋າຈງູຽຕຌຼຓ຋ໃ ຓ຃ຸຌຖັກຘະຌະ
຃ໄາງ຃ືກ ັຍຖັຄຘຽບັກຆ໌຿ຈງຍັຄຽບຌ

5. ເຌຎ ຃ຘ 1900 ຿ຈງ ຋ໃາຌ ຑ຺ທຖ ທຌຖາຈ
(Paul Villard) ຽຎັຌຌ ັກຒຆິກ຃຺ຌຐຕັໃຄຽຘຈ ຿ຈງ
ແຈໄ຃຺ໄຌຑ຺ຍ຅າກກາຌຘືກຘາ຃຺ໄຌ຃ໄທາ຋າຈກ ໍາຓ ັຌຉະ
ຑາຍຖັຄຘ຋ໃ ບບກຓາ຅າກ຋າຈ ຽຕຈຼຓ ຆືໃຄຊືກ຃຺ໄຌ
ຑ຺ຍຓາກໃບຌ຾ຖໄທທໃາຍາຄຘໃທຌ຅ະຍໃຼຄແຎ຋າຄໜືໃ ຄ
ຽຓືໃບຏໃາຌຘະໜາຓ຾ຓໃຽນົັກຍາຄຘໃທຌ຅ະຍໃຼຄແຎບກ
຋າຄໜືໃ ຄກ ໍາຓ ັຌຉະຑາຍຖັຄຘ຋ັຄຘບຄຎະຽຑຈຌໄ
຾ຓໃຌ ຖັຄບາຌຒາ (α) ຾ຖະ ຖັຄຘຽຍຉາ (β) .
Paul UlrichVillard

6. Edward Neville daCosta Andrade Ernest Rutherford
ເຌ ຎ ຃ຘ 1914 ຕັຈຽ຋ຒບຕ໌ຈ (
Rutherford ) ຾ ຖ ະ ຾ ບັ ຈ ຽ ທ ຈ
ບັຌຈຕາຽຈ ( Edward Andrade )
ແຈໄຑ຺ຍທໃາ ຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາຽຎັຌປູຍ຾ຍຍ
ຂບຄ຃ືໄຌແຒຒໄາ຾ຓໃຽນົັກ຿ຈງແຈໄທັຈ
຃ທາຓງາທ຃ືໄຌ຿ຈງເຆໄຽຖຌ຃ຕິຈຉາຌ
(crystal diffraction) ຃ທາຓງາທ຃ືໄຌ
຋ໃ ທັຈແຈໄ຾ຓໃຌ຃ໄາງ຃ືກ ັຍ຃ືໄຌຂບຄຖັຄຘ
ຽບັກຆ໌຾ຖະຘັໄຌກໃທາ ຈັໃຄຌ ັໄຌ Ernest
Rutherford ຅ືໃ ຄແຈໄຉັໄຄຆືໃ ທໃາ ຖັຄຘ
຾ກຓຓາ.

7. ຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາຽຎັຌ຃ືໄຌແຒຒໄາ຾ຓໃຽນົັກຆະຌິຈໜືໃ ຄຍໍໃ ຓແຒຒໄາຍັຌ຅ຸ, ຍໍໃ ຓ
ຓທຌຘາຌ ຾ຖະ ຍໍໃຽຎັຌບະຌຸຑາກ຋ຓຘັຌງາຖັກ (  ) ຾ຖະເຌ
ຎະ຅ຸຍັຌຽຊິຄ຾ຓໃຌທໃາຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາ຅ະຍໍໃຽຎັຌ຋ໃ ປູໄ຅ ັກກ ັຌນົາງ຃ຶກ ັຍ຃ືໄຌ
ແຒຒໄາ຾ຓໃຽນົັກຆະຌິຈບືໃຌໂ ຋ໃ ຃຺ຌ຋຺ໃທແຎປູໄ຅ ັກກ ັຌຈ ຽຆັໃຌ: ຃ືໄຌທິ຋ະງຸ
, ຃ືໄຌແຓ຿຃ຽທຍ ນົື຾ຓໃຌ຾ຉໃຖັຄຘຽບັກຆ໌຋ໃ ຓ຃ທາຓ຃ໄາງ຃ືຖັຄຘ຾ກຓ
ຓານົາງ຋ໃ ຘຸຈ ຽຌືໃບຄ຅າກກາຌເຆໄຎະ຿ນງຈຂບຄຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາຍໍໃ຃ໃບງ
຅ະຓຍ຺ຈຍາຈເຌຎະ຅ຸຍັຌຂບຄຏູໄ຃຺ຌຽປ຺າຎາຌເຈ ຘໃທຌນົາງຓ ັກເຆໄເຌ
ຄາຌທິແ຅຾ຖະ ບຸຈຘານະກ ໍາບືໃ ຌໂ ຈັໃຄຌ ັໄຌ຅ືໃຄຽປັຈເນໄຍໍໃ ຽຎັຌ຋ໃ ປູໄ຅ ັກ
ກ ັຌນົາງ ຾ຉໃ຃ຸຌຘ຺ຓຍັຈຑິຽຘຈຂບຄຓ ັຌເຌຽຖືໃ ບຄ຋ໃ ຓຑະຖັຄຄາຌຘູຄກໃ
ທາ຃ືໄຌແຒຒໄາ຾ຓໃຽນົັກຆະຌິຈບືໃ ຌໂ ຅ືໃຄຽປັຈເນໄຘາຓາຈຌ ໍາແຎເຆໄເຌ
ຈໄາຌຉໃາຄໂນົາງ ຾ຖະ ຓ຃ຸຌຖັກຘະຌະຈັໃຄຖຸໃຓຌໄ

8. 1. ຃ຸຌຖັກຘະຌະຂບຄຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາ
• ຽຎັຌ຃ືໄຌແຒຒໄາ຾ຓໃຽນົັກ຋ຓ຃ທາຓງາທ຃ືໄຌດູໃເຌຆໃທຄ 0,1 ນາຌໄບງກໃທາ 10−5 ຌາ຿ຌ຾ຓັຈ
• ຍໍໃຍໃຼຄເຌ຋຺ໃຄແຒຒໄາ຾ຖະ຋຺ໃຄ຾ຓໃຽນົັກ
• ຘາຓາຈຽປັຈເນໄ຋າຈຽປືບຄ຾ຘຄຽກຈກາຌຽປືບຄ຾ຘຄ
• ຘາຓາຈຽປຈເນໄຽກຈຎະຉິກິຖິງາຽ຃ຓເຌ຾ຏໃຌຒົຓຊໃາງປູຍ຾ຖະຒົຓ຋ໃ ຍໍໃແທຉໍໃ຾ຘຄ
• ຘາຓາຈ຋ະຖຸຏໃາຌທັຈຊຸແຈໄ
• ຽປັຈເນໄ຅ຸຖັຄ (cell) ຂບຄຘິໃຄ຋ຓຆທິຈຽກຈຓກາຌຎໃຼຌ຾ຎຄ

9. 2. ກາຌຘະນົາງຉ຺ທຽຎັຌຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາ
• ຖັຄຘຽກຈຓາ຅າກຌທ຃ຖຼຈຓຑະຖັຄຄາຌຘູຄ຾ຖະຎັຍເນໄກ ັຍຘູໃຘະຑາຍຽຈຓ຿ຈງກາຌຎໃບງ຿ຒ
ຉບຌບບກຓາ.
• ຽກຈ຅າກກາຌຉ ໍາກ ັຌຂບຄກຸໃຓຈາທດູໃບາທະກາຈ
• ຽກຈ຅າກ຋າຈກ ໍາຓ ັຌຉະຖັຄຘ຋ໃ ດູໃຘະຊາຌະກະຉຸໄຌ
+
຅າກປູຍ +

10. • ກາຌຎໃຼຌຘະຑາຍຂບຄຌິທ຃ຖຼຈ຾ຖະຓກາຌ຾ຏໃຖັຄຘບບກຓາ຿ຈງ຋ໃ ຌິທ຃ຼຈຽຈຓ
຅ະຎຼໃຌຽຎັຌຌທ຃ຖຼຈເໝໃ ຽບໄຌທໃາ ກາຌຘະຖາງຉ຺ທ (຾ງກຽງືໃບງ).
• ຽກຈ຅າກຌທ຃ຖຼຈ຋ໃ ຍໍໃໝັໄຄ຃຺ຄຓາຽຎັຌຌທ຃ຖຼຈ຋ໃ ໝັໄຄ຃຺ຄ.
• ຎໃຼຌຖະຈັຍຑະຖັຄຄາຌບາຉບຓ຅າກຘູຄຖ຺ຄຓາຉ ໍໃາ.
• ກາຌ຾ຏໃຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາ຾ຓໃຌ ຽຖກບາຉບຓ ຾ຖະ ຓທຌຘາຌຍໍໃຎໃຼຌ຾ຎຄ.
3.ກາຌຖຸຈຖ຺ຄຂບຄຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາ
ບັຈຉາກາຌຖຸຈຖ຺ຄຂບຄຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາ 𝑑𝐼/𝑑𝑥 ຅ະຽຎັຌບັຈຉາຘໃທຌຑ຺ທຑັຌກ ັຍ຅ ໍາຌທຌຖັຄຘ
(𝐼) ຆຶໃຄຽ຃ືໃບຌ຋ໃ ຏໃາຌ຾ທຈຖໄບຓຌ ັໄຌ.
−
𝑑𝐼
𝑑𝑥
∝ 𝐼
ຽ຃ືໃບຄໝາງຖ຺ຍຘະ຾ຈຄຽຊຄກາຌຖຸຈຖ຺ຄຂບຄ຅ ໍາຌທຌຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາຽຓືໃບຽ຃ືໃບຌ຋ໃ ຏໃາຌ຾ທຈ
ຖໄບຓ຾ຖະ຅ະແຈໄຘ຺ຓຏ຺ຌກາຌຆບກນາ຃ໃາ 𝐼 ຋ໃ ຽຎັຌ຅ ໍາຌທຌ຿ຒຉບຌຂບຄຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາແຈໄ
ຈັໃຄຌໄ:

11. 𝜇 ຾ຓໃຌຘ ໍາຎະຘິຈຈູຈກືຌຂບຄ຾ທຈຖໄບຓ ຓ຃ໃາ຃຺ຄ
຋ໃ ຖໄບຓ (1/cm)
𝑥 ຃ທາຓໜາ (cm)
𝐼0 ຾ຓໃຌ຅ ໍາຌທຌ຿ຒຉບຌກໃບຌ຅ະຏໃາຌ຾ທຈຖໄບຓ
𝐼 ຾ຓໃຌ຅ ໍາຌທຌ຿ຒຉບຌນົັຄຏໃາຌ຾ທຈຖໄບຓ (ຉ຺ທ)
𝑥
𝐼0
𝐼
𝐼 = 𝐼0 𝑒−𝜇𝑥−
𝑑𝐼
𝑑𝑥
= 𝜇𝐼

12.  ກາຌເຆໄຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາ຋າຄກາຌ຾ຑຈ
 ຽ຋ັກ຿ຌ຿ຖຆຑັຌ຋ຸກ ໍາ (Genetic Technology)
 ກໄບຄ຿຋ຖະຑາຍ຾ກຓຓາ
 ກາຌຊະໜບຓບານາຌ

13. 1. ຃ຸຌຎະ຿ນງຈຂບຄຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາ

15. o ຽກຈຽຎັຌຏືໃ ຌ຾ຈຄຂືໄຌຉາຓຏທໜັຄ,
ຏ຺ຓຖ຺ໃຌ,຅ຸຖັຄຉາງ,ຽຎັຌ຾ຏຽຎືໃ ບງ ຑ຺ຍ
ນົາງ຋ໃ ຘຸຈ.
o ຽກຈຽຓັຈຽຖືບຈຂາທນົາງ(leukemia).
o ຽກຈຽຌືໄບຽຘັໄຌແງເຌຎບຈ
o ຽກຈຽຎັຌຉາຉໍໄ
o ເຌຽຑຈຆາງບາຈຽປັຈເນໄຎະຖິຓາຌ
ບະຘຸ຅ິຖຸຈຖຄບາຈຌ ໍາແຎຘູໃກາຌຽຎັຌ
ໝັຌ

16. o ຋ ໍາຖາງ຅ຸຖັຄຂບຄປໃາຄກາງແຈໄ ຽ຃ງຽກຈ
ຂືໄຌເຌຎະຽ຋ຈ ຘະນະຖັຈ ບາຽຓກາ,
ບ໋ບຈຽຉຽຕງ,ຒຖຍຎຌ,຅ຌ,ງໃຎຸຌ຾ຖະແ຋.
o ບຸຎະຉິຽນຈຽກຈຂືໄຌດູໃປໄາຌປັຍຆືໄຂບຄ
ຽກ຺ໃາດູໃຎະຽ຋ຈແ຋ ຽຓືໃບຎ ຑຘ 2543
ແຈໄຽກຈ຃ທາຓຽຘງນາງຽຊຄ຾ກໃຆທິຈ
຅າກ຋າຈ co-60

17. ຏໃາຌກາຌຘືກຘາຓາຌໄແຈໄປູໄທໃາຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາແຈໄຊືກ຃຺ໄຌຑ຺ຍເຌຎ ຃ຘ 1900 ຿ຈງ ຋ໃາຌ
ຑ຺ທຖ ທຌຖາຈ (Paul Villard) ຽຎັຌຌ ັກຒຆິກ຃຺ຌຐຕັໃຄຽຘຈ ຿ຈງແຈໄ຃຺ໄຌຑ຺ຍ຅າກກາຌຘືກ
ຘາ຃຺ໄຌ຃ໄທາ຋າຈກ ໍາຓ ັຌຉະຑາຍຖັຄຘ຋ໃ ບບກຓາ຅າກ຋າຈ ງູຽຕຌຼຓ ຆືໃຄຊືກ຃຺ໄຌຑ຺ຍຓາກໃບຌ
຾ຖໄທ຾ຉໃຖັັຄຘ຋ຊືກ຃຺ໄຌຑ຺ຍເໝໃຌໄ຾ຓໃຌ຃ໄາງ຃ືຖັຄຘຽບັກຆ໌຾ຉໃຑະຖັຄຄາຌຘູຄກໃທາ຾ຖະຊືກຽບໄຌ
ທໃາ ຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາ.ຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາຽຎັຌ຃ືໄຌ຾ຓໃຽນົັກແຒຒໄາ຋ໃ ຓ຃ທາຓຘາຓາຈ຋ະຖຸຏໃາຌທັຈຊຸ຋ໃ
ໜາແຈໄຈ຾ຖະຓ຃ທາຓງາທ຃ືໄຌຉ ໍໃາກໃທາ 0,1 ນາຌໄບງກໃທາ 10−5 ຌາ຿ຌ຾ຓັຈ຾ຖະງັຄ
ຘາຓາຈຘະນົຸຍແຈໄຂໍໄຈ຾ຖະຂໍໄຽຘງຈັໃຄຌໄ:

18. o ເຆໄຎະ຿ນງຈເຌນຖາງຈໄາຌ຃ໄາງ຃ືກ ັຍຖັຄຘ
ຽບັຆ໌ຽຆັໃ ໃຌ ຘາຓາຈຌ ໍາເຆໄ຋າຄກາຌ຾ຑຈ ຃ື
ເຆໄຖັຄຘ຾ກຓຓາຽຑືໃ ບ຋ ໍາຖາງ຅ຸຖັຄປໄາງຉໃາຄໂ.
o ເຆໄຊະໜບຓບານາຌ຿ຈງກາຌຘາງຖັຄຘເຘໃ.
o ເຆໄກທຈຘບຍຖ຺ຈຍັຌ຋ຸກຂະໜາຈເນງໃ

19.  ຽຎັຌບັຌຉະຖາງຉໍໃຘຸຂະຑາຍຽຆັໃຌຽກຈຑະງາຈ
ຉໃາຄໂຽກຈຽຎັຌຑືໃຌ຾ຈຄຂຶໄຌຉາຓຏິທໜັຄ, ຏ຺ຓຖ຺ໃຌ
, ຾ຏຽຎືໃ ບງ
 ຽກຈຽຌືໄບຽຘັໄຌແງເຌຎບຈ
 ຑາເນໄຽກຈຽຓັຈຽຖືບຈຂາທ
 ຑາເນໄຽກຈຽຎັຌຉາຉໍໄ
 ຑາເນໄປໍ຿ຓຌຎໃຼຌ຾ຎຄ
 ຑາເນໄຽກຈຽຎັຌໝັຌ

21.  ຽບກະຘາຌບໄາຄບຄ
 ຋ບຄຖຸຌ ທິແຖ຋ບຄ, 2015, ຒຆິກຖັຄຘ (Radiological Physics), ຽນົັໄຓ຋ໃ 1, ຑິຓ຃ັໄຄ຋
1, ກບຄ຋ັຍ, ຑາກທິຆາຒຆິກຘາຈ ຃ະຌະທິ຋ະງາຘາຈ຋ ໍາຓະຆາຈ ຓະນາທິ຋ະງາແຖ຾ນໃຄ
ຆາຈ. 165ໜໄາ.
 ຌທຌຘະທ ປຸໃຄປບຌກຼຈ, 2010, ຌທຽ຃ົງຽ຋ັກ຿ຌ຿ຖຆ, ຽນົັໄຓ຋ໃ 1, ຑິຓ຃ັໄຄ຋ໃ 1,
ຓະນາທິ຋ະງາແຖກະຽຘຈຘາຈ, ຎະຽ຋ຈແ຋. 384ໜໄາ.
 Retrieve 8 April 2016 http://www.dek-d.com/board/view/2450442/
 Retrieve 8 April 2016
http://www.rmutphysics.com/physics/oldfront/102/1/nuclear1/nuclear_9.htm
 Retrieve 8 April 2016
http://www.trueplookpanya.com/new/cms_detail/knowledge/25436/
 Retrieve 10 April 2016
https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8
%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0
%B8%B2
 Retrieve 25 April 2016 http://www.mt.mahidol.ac.th/e-
learning/Instrumentation/NMP_chap1_47/page/9_radioactive_decay4.htm
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