This document provides information on how to write and publish a good quality research article. It discusses what constitutes a research paper, including that it presents original work and analysis. The document outlines the structure of a research paper, including sections like the introduction, methods, results, and discussion. It also discusses the writing process, from choosing a topic to drafting and revising. Advanced searching tools and referencing tools are mentioned to help researchers locate and cite information.

1. How to write and publish good quality research
article?
Scientific Journal Finder,
Advanced searching tools and referencing tools
Dr. Pallawi Bulakh
Assistant Professor,
Department of Computer Science,
Modern College of Arts, Science and
Commerce, Ganeshkhind, Pune
Member, BOS, Computer
Application, Savitribai Phule Pune
University, Pune.

2. Agenda Section 1
What is a research paper?
Why to write a research paper?
Types of research papers
Structure of a research paper?
What constitutes a good research paper?

3. What is a
research
paper?

4. Research
paper
 The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English lays down
the meaning of research as “a careful investigation or inquiry
specially through search for new facts in any branch of
knowledge.”
 Redman and Mory define research as a “systematized effort to
gain new knowledge.”
 Some people consider research as a movement, a movement from
the known to the unknown. It actually is a voyage of discovery.

5. Research paper
In-depth consideration of a topic or
research question
Presents an original thesis statement
Engages with primary and secondary
sources
Contributes something new to the
field

7. Research
paper
YOU COME UP WITH YOUR OWN BUG…

8. Time to showcase!!!
 Tell your story.
 Publish it in front of community.

9. Research paper
 A research paper is an idea.
 Any stuff that requires the person to do research is
the research paper.
 It requires authors own opinion, own point of view
about a particular stuff.
 It’s a technical / systematic writing of the idea
which will showcase your work to the community.
 Its an outcome after detailed and thorough study
of a particular subject/topic.
 It includes information from various sources such
as books, articles, journals etc. and importantly
your own perspective about the idea.
 Its your own brain child!
 A research paper is a piece of academic writing
which provides the detailed study of a particular
domain.
 It provides observation, in-depth analysis,
inference / interpretation based on critical study.

10. Why to write a research paper
To communicate the results/ findings of your own thought process.
To publish the work before society for well being of general public.
To satisfy your owns passion for the knowledge.
To help other researchers to learn about the area and advancements within.
And last…the most important…its very interesting!!

11. Why to write
a research
paper?
Let x be the net knowledge generated by your paper
Which will be = knowledge in your paper -relevant
knowledge in references
Then,
If x > 0 it’s a good paper
If x =0 it’s a opinion based survey paper
If x < 0 then why do you want to write a paper?

12. Types of research papers
Analytical Research Paper. ...
Argumentative (Persuasive) Research Paper. ...
Definition Paper. ...
Compare and Contrast Paper. ...
Cause and Effect Paper. ...
Interpretative Paper. ...
Experimental Research Paper. ...
Survey Research Paper.

13. Analytical Research Paper
 An analytical research paper is an academic piece of writing
that is aimed at analysing different points of view from
multiple sources on a particular topic.
 Papers require analysis, not just description.
 Analytical research attempts to establish why it is that way
or how it came to be.
 The analytical research usually concerns itself with cause-
effect relationships. It uses secondary data..
 Example: The value of Indian Rupee is reducing against
major other currencies such as Euro, Dollar.
 Analytical research can better explain how and why the
currency has weakened against the major currencies in the
world.

14. Analytical Research Paper
Topic
View point 1 View point 2 View point 3 View point 4
Personal view
point +
Conclusion

15. Argumentative (Persuasive) Research Paper.
The argumentative paper puts an argument. It focuses on
different aspects of a topic.
Researcher tries to highlight his perspective supported by
logical facts and statistical analysis.
Your arguments should not be too emotional though, they still
need to be supported with logical facts and statistical data.

16. Argumentative (Persuasive) Research Paper.
Should we
ban Chinese
products?
Yes No

17. Definition Paper.
 The main purpose of Definition Paper is
to provide the information.
 It describes the facts.
 Here researcher never puts his own
opinion. Instead , the facts are
collected from various sources.
 There is no analysis of the facts
provided.

18. Compare and
Contrast Paper.
...
 These papers are the comparison of
two or more view points of either
authors, subjects.
 Here, the comparison is done based on
fixed criteria and one of the viewpoint
is supported.
 Examples:
 Benefits of working in daytime against
night-time.
 Traditional or online shopping.
 World War 1 vs World War 2: Did history
repeat itself?

19. Cause and Effect Paper. ...
A cause and effect paper answers the questions ‘what?’ and ‘why?’ by showing the factors behind an observation.
Asking ‘what’ brings out aspects of the current affairs; in other words, the effects.
If we then ask ‘why?’ it takes us back to the causes for the effects. I
Why did it happen? (discovering the causes of a particular phenomenon)
What happened as a result of it? (discovering the effects of that phenomenon)
What might happen as a result of that ? (predicting further effects of phenomenon).
Examples
Effects of online teaching/learning process on the stakeholders.
Effects of sound pollution on the asthmatic patients.

20. Interpretative Paper.
 Interpretive approaches encompass social theories and perspectives that
embrace a view of reality as socially constructed or made meaningful
through actors' understanding of events.
 An interpretative paper requires you to use knowledge that you have
gained from a particular case study,
 You need to write the paper based on an established theoretical framework
and use valid supporting data to back up your statement and conclusion.
 It is prominently used in social sciences.
 The interpretive paradigm is concerned with understanding the world as it
is from subjective experiences of individuals.
 Most important questions in Interpretative Reporting :Why and How?

21. Experimental Research Paper.
Experimental
research paper
describes an
experiment in detail.
It is common in
chemistry, biology, or
physics where
experiments are the
base of the study.
You need to describe
your experiment with
supporting data and
then analyze it
sufficiently.
Example: effect of
covaxin on diabetic
patients

22. Survey Research Paper.
a paper that summarizes and organizes recent research results in a novel way that integrates and adds
understanding to work in the field. A survey article assumes a general knowledge of the area; it emphasizes
the classification of the existing literature, developing a perspective on the area, and evaluating trends."
ACM
This research paper demands the conduction of a survey that includes asking questions
to respondents.
The researcher conducts a survey ,collects all the information from the survey , analyses
the data collected and present it in the research paper.
There are four types of survey
Online
One to one
Paper
interviews

23. The writing
Process
Investigate and Organize
Inscription
Amendment

24. The writing
Process
Pre writing
Choosing a topic
Doing a research
Framing and organising
Writing
Proof reading

25. Distinct
Specific
General
Pre writing
1. Choose the topic
 List out the areas of your interest.
 Discuss
 Explore with your brain
 Free write.
 Work form Generalization to specialization.
 Once you’ve settled on an idea, you’ll need to start working on your thesis
statement and planning your paper’s structure.

26. Pre writing
2. Conduct a preliminary research
 Find out the material, stuff related to your idea.
 Also look for following things
 Is there a gap which is not yet found by others?
 Does your ideas has a distinctive stance?
 What are the latest development in your area?

27. Pre writing
3. Develop the argument.
 This argument is the answer of your research question.
 The argument should be
 Brief in addition summarising
 Full proof
 rational

28. Framing and
organising
 Organise the
structure/framework before
communicating the work.
 Create an outline of the work so
as to present it effectively.

29. Writing
 The actual task.
 Based on the outline.
 Use of all visited resources.
 Redrafting and revisiting.
 Find our irrelevant information if any.
 Check once if the presented information can
be more effectively showcased than in version
1

30. Proof reading
 When proofreading, check out for
• Grammatical errors.
• Missing words.
• Confused word choices.
• Punctuation errors.
• Missing or excess spaces.

31. Structure of
research paper
 Basic Parts of a Research Paper
• Title Page. ...
• Introduction. ...
• Review of Related Literature. ...
• Conceptual Framework. ...
• Methodology. ...
• Analysis of Data. ...
• Results / Findings / Presentation of
Data. ...
• Discussion / Implication of Data
Analysis.
• References

32. | 32
Structure
 Title
 Abstract
 Keywords
 Introduction
 Methods
 Results and Discussion
 Conclusion
 Acknowledgements
 References
 Supporting materials
January 2015
Search & find
Tell your story

33. Title
Should depict the central idea of the paper.
Should be appropriate, perfect , explicit, precise,
and complete.
Should make use of professional language and avoid
rarely-used abbreviations
Should be interesting enough to draw attention of
readers - short, catchy titles are often better cited

34. keywords
Should not be more than 2,3 words.
Keywords are generally used to locate, find the domain of the
papers.
They should exactly reflect your domain, area.
Should be specific.

35. Abstract
Should be brief and concise.
Brief
Should summarize problem, its solution, methods and
conclusion.
Summarize
Should be in simple language yet attractive and
professional
Language

36. Introduction
 Explain the problem
 Describe your approach
 Mention existing solutions and limitations

37. Methodology
 Describe how the problem was studied
 Include detailed information to allow repetition
 Do not describe previously published procedures but cite clearly
 Identify the equipment and materials used
 Use proper notations including chemical formulae and symbols
 Don’t forget to present the controls used

38. Results
 Include only data of primary importance i.e. the main and unexpected
findings (use supplementary data for data of secondary importance)
 Use sub-headings to keep results of the same type together and avoid
redundancy
 Use figures and tables for efficiency and clarity
 Provide statistical analyses

39. Discussion
 Interpretation of results
 Most important section
 Make the discussion correspond to the results and complement them
 Compare published results with your own

40. Conclusion
 Explain how your work advances the present state of knowledge
 Do not repeat results or the abstract
 Discuss uses, extensions, or applications
 Suggest future experiments
 Be clear to help the reviewers and editors judge your work and its impact

41. References
 A reference page is a list of your references.
 For every citation, there must be appropriate referencing.
 Do not include too many references.
 Check accuracy of the references.
 Avoid excessive self citations or citations to publications from the same region
or institute.
 Conform to any requirements outlined in the Guide for Authors.
 Consider using a reference manager such as Mendeley.

42. Points to ponder
 The paper should be sufficiently lengthy covering the entire thought process into a
paper and extensive enough to maintain the interest of the reader.
 The language used should be as simple as it is to convey the content ….Albert
Einstein once said….try to make the things simple…not simpler.
 use of charts, graphs to be done for quick findings and results…
 The layout of the paper should be well stated and appropriate in accordance with
the abstract.
 No grammatical mistakes please!!
 It should contribute to the problem solving and if not, at least knowledge addition
should be there.
 Bibliography and references should be taken well care of…
 Supposed to be attractive ….

43. Check list
 Is the title appropriate?
 Does the abstract summarize the content of the paper?
 Is the aim of the paper clearly stated on the first page? –
 Is the text logically flowing from point to point with subheadings,
introductions and conclusions to sections? –
 Are the method, results and discussion convincing in grounding the
conclusion?
 Are the implications clearly specified? –
 Is the text written in reasonably short sentences, without too many scientific
terms or jargon?

44. What constitutes a good paper?
Your idea
Experiments/
Analysis
Conclusions
Publication
Enhancement
of ideas

45. Conclusion
 There are very definite and set rules which should be followed in the actual
preparation of the research report or paper. Once the techniques are finally
decided, they should be rigorously observed, and no deviation permitted.

46. Scientific
Journal Finder
 What is it?
 In academic publishing, a scientific
journal is a periodical
publication intended to further the
progress of science, usually by reporting
new research.[wiki]
 Articles in scientific journals can be used
in research and higher education.
 An essential part of a scientific article is
citation of earlier work

47. Scientific journal
• Is a type of periodical (a publication issued in
regular periods, i.e. newspapers, magazines,
etc.) that provides a forum for scholarly
communication in a particular academic
discipline,
• Publishes original, peer-reviewed research-
based or theoretical articles are written by
researchers and experts,
• Publishes additional forms of scholarly
communication such as book reviews,
editorials, conference proceedings, debate
pieces, and interviews.

48. Some
terminologies
 What is Peer review?
 Peer review is a publication process based on
peer evaluation that ensures contributions made
to the scholarly community are based
on accurate, reliable, and original research
findings and analysis.
 Blind review
 Double- blind review
 Open peer- review
 Scopus Journals
 Scopus is one of the largest, most reputable
abstract and citation databases for academic
literature.
 The Scopus list of journals consists of indexed
publications that are either serial or non-serial.
(ISSN and ISBN)
 The impact factor (IF) is a measure of the
frequency with which the average article in
a journal has been cited in a particular year.

49. Types of
publications
Scholarly/academic
Trade/Professional
Popular/Mainstream.

50. Publishing
process of
scientific
paper
PC:www.elsevier.com

51. Characteristics of scientific journals
Author's affiliation
Original research
Technical/ professional language
Lengthy with citations/ references
Plain/ simple appearance with minimal use of colours.
Impact Factor

52. Advanced searching tools and
referencing tools

53. Advanced
searching tools
 Advanced search options are a set of filters offered by
most search engines on the web.
 Its all about refining the search and getting exactly what
you are searching for.
 They narrow the scope of a search query to eliminate
irrelevant information to help you find the exact content
you're looking for.
 Google advanced search example.

54. Referencing
tools
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

55. How to
retrieve the
information?

56. Review of literature
Review of
literature
Library
Digital
library (E-
resources)
books
Search engines
(Google/Scholar)
Academica.e
du/research
gate
Open access
contents.

57. References

58. Why to write
references?
 To acknowledge the original author.
 To attest the use of valid information.
 To broaden further reading horizon for researcher.
 To avoid plagiarism.
 A citation is a way of giving credit to individuals for their
creative and intellectual works that you utilized to support
your research.
 A citation style dictates the information necessary for a
citation and how the information is ordered, as well as
punctuation and other formatting.

59. Citation styles
 There are many different ways
of citing resources from your
research.
• APA Citation Style
• MLA Citation Style
• Chicago/Turabian Citation Style
• IEEE Style

60. Citation
manager
Online citation manager are the
tools to manage your references
and to keep a track of all of them.
These tools include
Mendeley
EndNote
Zotero
Example of Mendeley.

61. What do they
do?
Share Share references with other researchers.
Create Create well organized bibliographies.
Import Import references form online databases.
Organize Organize your references

62. References
1. http://t3ckcommlectures.blogspot.com/2012/01/basic-parts-of-research-paper.html
2. How to Write a Good Paper? Uday Khedker (www.cse.iitb.ac.in/˜uday)
3. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00593-z
4. https://www.questionpro.com/blog/what-is-research/
5. https://paperpile.com/g/types-of-research-papers/
6. The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, Oxford, 1952, p. 1069
7. https://answershark.com › Home › Research papers
8. https://www.disability-researchers.com/analytical-research
9. https://edubirdie.com/blog
10. http://web.richmond.k12.va.us/portals/12/assets/cause_and_effect_research_paper_guide-1[1].pdf
11. https://edithohaja.com/types-of-reporting-ii-interpretative-reporting/
12. https://www.scribbr.com/category/research-paper/
13. https://simplyeducate.me/2014/05/19/4-elements-of-a-good-abstract/
14. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_journal
15. https://bowvalleycollege.libguides.com/scholarly-articles/peer-review
16. https://bowvalleycollege.libguides.com/c.php?g=10229&p=52137#s-lib-ctab-6164195-3
17. https://researchguides.uic.edu/if/impact
18. https://pitt.libguides.com/citationhelp
19. https://pitt.libguides.com/c.php?g=12108&p=64733