dedicated to zoologists

2. Group Members:
1. Shamsullah 2. Sharif Ullah
3. Shazia Akram 4.Sheraz Khan

3. Presentation Topic:
ZOOS , BREEDING CENTERS AND
DHODIAL PHEASANTRY
3
PREPARED BY
Noor Zada M.Sc 2nd Zoology
(KUST)

4. Presenter #01
Shamsullah

5.  In Pakistan, wildlife is treated as a provincial rather than a federal matter.
 There are four provinces, each having its own wildlife department headed
by a minister.
 Wildlife habitats are under the jurisdiction of the forest departments of
each province.
 There are six separate laws that pertain to wildlife, most of which date to
the mid-1970s, with only one amendment in 1990.
 This legislation has no direct relationship with CITES, and when import or
export takes place, the CITES certificate is issued by an agency of the
federal Ministry of Environment, the National Council for Conservation of
Wildlife.

6.  There is no separate zoo legislation as such. However, in order
to start a zoo in, for example, Punjab Province, permission from
the provincial wildlife department is required, as is a license fee
of 2,000 rupees per animal.
 There are penalties for keeping wild animals illegally, ranging
from confiscation of the animals to substantial fines and
imprisonment of up to six months.

7. Zoos may capture animals from the wild in Pakistan,
but they may do so only for research purposes and
only with special permission from the head of the
wildlife department.
There are no standards for exhibition of animals or
inspections although there is animal welfare
legislation.

8.  Pakistan does not have a specific Zoo Act or Policy nor any
legislation about captive wild animals, but there is good
legislation about wildlife in all the four provinces, that is, in
Azad Kashmir, in Northern Areas and in Federal Territory of
Islamabad.
 The basic outline of legislation is about the same with a few
differences according to local conditions, especially in the Rules
framed under the Act called Punjab wildlife (Protection,
Preservation, Conservation and Management) Act 1974, and the
Rules framed thereunder 1975 (Annexure-1).

9.  Recently six major ungulate species wise;
 Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus),
 Hog deer (Axis porcinus),
 Axis deer (Axis axis),
 Chinkara (Gazella bennettii),
 Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra),
 Punjab Urial (Ovis orientalis punjabiensis)
they were shifted from Schedule III (Protected animals and birds) to
Schedule II allowing their captive breeding in the Private Sector.
 Relevant notification and rules are also attached as Annexure –2.

10.  Lahore Zoo is a semi-autonomous organization, so far being
run following a constitution framed in 1969.
 With the changing circumstances, the Constitution has been
revised and may be adopted shortly.
 A new Zoo is envisioned at Faisalabad for which a Constitution
has been formulated

11.  A Zoo in Punjab, Bahawalpur Zoo is a Government
Organization, and all the Government Policies/ Administrative
norms apply to it.
 A network of 22 Captive Breeding Centres has been established
in the Punjab province.
 These are again Government Organizations and run on the
pattern of Bahawalpur Zoo.

12.  ‘CITES’ as such has not been mentioned in the Punjab Wildlife Act but
as signatories to the Convention, Pakistan follows the dictates.
 All the animals or animal products to be exported or imported have to
obtain a licence from the National Council for the Conservation of
Wildlife, an organization in the Federal Ministry of Environment,
Local Government and Rural Development.
 While issuing such licences CITES Schedules are duly consulted.

13.  Establishment of a ‘Zoo’ in the private sector is allowed in Sindh
province only. Legislation is being framed in other provinces.
 Some animal collections are being maintained by interested
individuals, institutions, without obtaining permission from the
Department and these are usually ignored in the absence of a
specific legislation.
 There is no bar on starting a Zoo for anyone who fulfils the criteria,
once it is allowed by the Government. Any one who applies for a
Permit will get it on the payment of prescribed fee.

14.  Applications have to be filed for obtaining permission to keep the animals
in captivity.
 Penalties prescribed in legislation for illegal hunting or capturing of
animals are/can be imposed.
 This information was taken from correspondence with the Office of the
Director General, Wildlife & Parks, Punjab, Lahore.
 Pakistan has 14 zoos of which 10 are government and 4 are private, and
about 22 wild animal breeding centers. The zoos are listed below with
government zoos starred

15. BRIEF INTRODUCTION
• In Pakistan, wildlife is treated as a provincial rather
than a federal matter
• There are four provinces, each having its own
wildlife department headed by a minister
• Wildlife are controlled by the forest departments of
each province
• There are six separate laws about wildlife (of mid
1970s with an ammendment in 1990)
• In order to start a zoo, permission from the
provincial wildlife department is required with a
license fee of 2,000 rupees per animal

16. • There are penalties for keeping wild animals
illegally, ranging from confiscation of the animals to
substantial fines and imprisonment of up to six
months
• Zoo may capture an animal but only for research
purpose with permission of Wild life department.
• Establishment of a ‘Zoo’ in the private sector is
allowed in Sindh province only

17. LIST OF ZOOS IN PAKISTAN
• Bahawalpur Zoo*
• Jungle Kingdom, Rawalpindi
• Hyderabad Zoo*
• Lahore Zoo*
• Karachi Zoo * (New Developed)
• Islamabad Zoo*
• Landhi Korangi Zoo, Karachi
• Karachi Safari Park*
• Clifton Aquarium, Karachi*
• Jallo Park, Lahore*
• Murree Wildlife Park, Murree*
• Loi bher Wildlife Park,
Rawalpindi/Islamabad
Pakistan has 14 Zoos
out of which 10
(Shown with * in
blue writtings) are
of Government and
4 are private

18. BAHAWALPUR ZOO
18
BAHAWALPUR ZOO

19.  Bahawalpur zoo established in 1942, is a 25-acre (10 ha)
zoological garden in Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan].
 It is managed by the Government of Pakistan.
 Date opened 1942
 Location Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
 Land area 25 acres (10 ha)
 No. of animals ~870
 Birds: >600
 Mammals: >180
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

20.  Bahawalpur zoo was set up in 1942 by the former Aamir of Bahawalpur,
Sir Nawab Sadiq Muhammad Khan Abbasi.
 It was then named "Sher Bagh" (meaning "lion garden").[6] In 1955
 The zoo has occasionally bred and supplied wild cats, such as Asiatic lions
and Bengal tigers, to other zoos in the country.
 It also has an aquarium and zoological museum with stuffed birds,
reptiles and mammals.

21.  In 1955, the administrator of the zoo Dr.Ghulam Haider
Sumra was transferred to the Department of Agriculture.
 From 1977 to 1982, the zoo remained under the control of
the Department of the Live Stock Punjab.
 The Bahawalpur Zoo is the fourth biggest zoo in Pakistan,
after Lahore Zoo, Karachi Zoo and Islamabad Zoo.

22. Animals List
Mammals
Asiatic lion, Asian black bear, Bengal tiger, Black Buck, Chinkara (Indian
gazelle), Chital (spotted deer), Hog deer, Himalayan brown bear ,Llama,
Mouflon, Nilgai (blue bull) Plains zebra, Red deer, Red-necked wallaby,
Rhesus macaque, Sambar, Small Indian civet.
Aves
Budgerigar , Chukar partridge , Common pheasant , Demoiselle crane , Great
white pelican , Greylag goose , Indian peafowl , Rock pigeon , Elephant , Rose-
ringed parakeet , Silver pheasant , Western crowned pigeon,Wild turkey
Reptiles
Mugger crocodile, Spur-thighed tortoise

23. Conservation
 This zoo has bred various threatened species of :
 Asiatic lion,
 Asian black bear,
 Bengal tiger,
 blackbuck and
 hog deer.
 Others like chinkara (Indian gazelle), chital (spotted deer), and nilgai
(blue bull) are also breeding successfully in the zoo.

26. Presenter #02
Sharif Ullah

27. JUNGLE KINGDOM,
RAWALPINDI
JUNGLE KINGDOM, RAWALPINDI

28.  Jungle World (previously Jungle Kingdom) is an animal theme
park and zoological garden located in Ayub National Park, District
Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
 Date openned 1872 146 Years ago.
 The visitor spot is spread over about 50 acres (200,000 m2)
 Location Ayub National Park, G.T. road, Rawalpindi, Punjab,
Pakistan
 Land area 50 acres (20 ha )
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

29. Facilities
Guest rooms
'Red Onion' restaurant 'Topi Rakh' auditorium
'Topi Rakh' auditorium

30. Zoological garden
 Wildlife species are displayed in open air enclosures.
 Each enclosure is landscaped individually to simulate the natural
habitat of the species kept there.
 Peafowls roam freely in the main park area.
 Other birds include common pheasant, rose-ringed parakeet, ostrich,
black swan, mute swan, silver pheasant, vulturine guineafowls,
dalmatian pelican and many other types of water birds.
 Some mammals are Bengal tiger, lion, nilgai, hog deer, black buck,
urial, Asiatic black bear, leopard, plains zebra, red kangaroo, llama, red
deer and several species of monkeys

31. Amusement Park
Mini golf course
Indoor snooker
Bull ride Gift shop
Haunted house
Paddle boats
Remote-controlled cars
Dodging cars
Inflatable bouncers
Jungle gym
Video game arcade
Running water pool

32. Lahore ZOO
32
LAHORE ZOO

33.  Lahore Zoo established in 1872, one of the largest zoos in South Asia.
 It is currently managed by the Forest, Wildlife and Fisheries department of the
Government of Pakistan.
 Today the zoo houses a collection of about 1380 animals of 136 species.
 Lahore Zoo was the host of the fifth annual conference of SAZARC in 2004.
 Number of animals ~1400.
 Number of species ~140.
 Annual visitors 3 million.
Major exhibits
 Elephant House,
 Giraffe House,
 Tiger House
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

34. History
 Lahore Zoo had its beginnings in a small aviary donated by Lal Mahundra
Ram in 1872 to the Lahore Municipal Corporation.
 Over time the animal collection increased and the zoo expanded.
 It later began to take interest in conservation, education and research in
addition to providing recreational facilities to the public.
 By 2010, the zoo was home to about 1280 trees of 71 species and 1380
animals of 136 species including 996 birds of 82 species, 49 reptiles of 8
and 336 mammals of 45 species.

35. Animal exhibits
Fancy Aviary
 Fancy Aviary is as old as the zoo itself as it started as an aviary in 1872.
 The section houses a number of bird species, most of which are parrots, fowls,
doves and pigeons and birds of prey.
 Other species housed are European rabbits, Indian crested porcupines and spur-
thighed tortoises .
 Tiger House
 Tiger House was constructed in 1872 for a few hundred rupees and renovated in
1987 at a cost of about 5.1 million rupees.
 It has seven rooms and two moats which currently house Bengal tigers and lions.
 A bear pit exhibits a pair and two cubs of Asian black bears.
 Other animals include a pair of cougars.

36. Elephant House
 Elephant House was constructed in 1972 at a cost of about 500,000 rupees.
 It has three rooms and three moats.
 It houses three endangered species endemic to Africa: a female hippo (named
'Rani'), a white rhinoceros and a female African bush elephant (named 'Suzi'). Suzi
was brought to the zoo in 1972 on its 100th anniversary.
Giraffe House
 Giraffe House is home to a variable number of plains zebras and dromedary
camels, a pair of giraffes (named 'Twinkle' and 'Sunny'), two Bactrian camels, a
llama and a Guanaco .
 It also exhibits three species of flightless birds or ratites: emu, ostrich and southern
cassowary. The last giraffe died on April 13, 2015

37.  Deer House contains more mammals than any other house in the zoo,
including axis deer (chital), blue bull (nilgai), fallow deer, Indian gazelle
(chinkara), red deer, sika deer, the nearthreatened species of blackbuck and
mouflon as well as threatened species of hog deer, sambar and urial.
 Monkey House gained popularity when a pair of chimpanzees were
introduced in 1994 and gave birth to triplets.
 As of June 2010, only three chimpanzees remain.
 Other animals in the section includes rhesus monkeys, Indian wolves,
swamp cats. The zoo's Leopards are temporarily housed here, awaiting a new
enclosure.
 Crocodile Ponds are one of the more popular exhibits of the zoo.

38. Exotic flora
Lahore Zoo has about 1280 trees of 71 species.Many of the exotic
species have information boards to promote education. Some of
these are listed below:
 Alstonia scholaris - locally termed ditabark native to South Asia
 Bombax malabaricum- locally termed sunbal - native to Himalayas
 Callistemon citrinus - locally termed bottle brush - native to Australia
 Dalbergia sissoo - locally termed shisham - native to South Asia
 Delonix regia - locally termed gulmohar native to Madagascar
 Ficus benghalensis - locally termed banyan - native to Bangladesh
 Ficus religiosa - locally termed pipal native to South Asia

39. List of animal species at Lahore Zoo
Aves
 Accipitriformes
 Black kite
 Common kestrel
 Golden eagle
 Steppe eagle
 White-eyed buzzard
 Anseriformes
 Bar-headed goose
 Black swan
 Common shelduck
 Common teal
 Eurasian wigeon
 Gadwall
 Greater white-
fronted goose
 Greylag goose
(domestic goose)
 Mallard
 Muscovy duck
 Mute swan
 New Zealand scaup
 Red shoveler
 Ruddy shelduck
 Wood duck
 Columbiformes
 Rock pigeon
 Black Sherazi
pigeon
 Indian Fantail
pigeon
 Western crowned
pigeon
 Galliformes
 Black partridge
 Chukar partridge
 Common pheasant
 Indian peafowl
 Golden pheasant
 Yellow pheasant
(mutation)
 Green peafowl
 Grey francolin
 Grey partridge
 Indian peafowl
 Black shouldered
peafowl
 Common blue
peafowl
 Pied peafowl
 White peafowl
 Silver pheasant
 Swinhoe's pheasant
 Vulturine
guineafowl
 Wild turkey
 Gruiformes
 Demoiselle crane
 Eurasian coot
 Houbara bustard
 Pelecaniformes
 Dalmatian pelican
 Great white pelican
 Phoenicopteriforme
s
 Greater flamingo
 Lesser flamingo
 Psittaciformes
 Grey parrot
 Alexandrine
parakeet
 Blossom-headed
parakeet
 Blue-and-yellow
macaw
 Budgerigar
 Cape parrot
 Cockatiel
 Green-winged
macaw
 Lilian's lovebird
 Panama amazon
 Rose-ringed
parakeet
 Sulphur-crested
cockatoo
 Strigiformes
 Indian eagle-owl
 Struthioniformes
 Emu Ostrich
 Southern cassowary

40. Mammals
 Artiodactyla
 Bactrian camel
 Blackbuck
 Chinkara
 Chital
 Fallow deer
 Hippopotamus
 Hog deer
 Llama Guanaco
 Nilgai Ovis orientalis
Mouflon
 Urial
 Red deer
 Sambar
 Sika deer
 Wild boar
 Carnivora
 Asian black bear
 Brown bear
 Bengal tiger
 Cougar (puma)
 Indian wolf
 Jungle cat
 Leopard
 Lion
 Smooth-coated otter
 Lagomorpha
 Domestic rabbit
 Marsupials
 Red-necked wallaby
Perissodactyla
 Plains zebra
 White rhinoceros
 Primates
 Mantled guereza
 Tufted capuchin
 Chimpanzee
 Olive baboon Rhesus
macaque Vervet
monkey
 Proboscidea
 African bush elephant
 Rodentia
 Indian crested
porcupine
 Reptiles
 Crocodilia
 Mugger crocodile
 Squamata
 Central Asian cobra
 Common krait
 Diadem snake
 Enhydris - unidentified
 Indian cobra
 Indian python
 Indian sand boa
Russell's viper Saw-
scaled viper
 Testudines
 Red-eared slider
 Spur-thighed tortoise

41. Landhi Korangi Zoo,
Karachi
LANDHI KORANGI ZOO

42.  Landhi Korangi Zoo established in 1990, is a zoological garden located at
Korangi, Landhi Town, District Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
 It is spread over an area of approximately 4 acres (16,000 m2) and contains a
fewer variety of animals compared to Karachi Zoo.
 The zoo operates under the City District Government Karachi and is a
member of SAZARC.
 In 2006, 4 million Pakistani rupees were allocated to the Landhi Korangi Zoo
for bringing new animals particularly a pair of lions.
 The management of Karachi Zoo also provided two pairs of plains zebra, one
male and two female of the red-necked wallaby, one pair of Arabian oryx and
two pairs of ostrich.
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

43. Landhi Korangi Aquarium
 In November 2004, construction plans for an aquarium, that had
been on hold since 1992, were approved by nazim of the city.
 In June 2012, administrator of KMC, Muhammad Hussain Syed,
told The Nation that the construction was going on speedily inside
the Landhi Korangi Zoo.
 On September 18, 2012, Ishrat-ul-Ibad Khan, the Governor of
Sindh, later inaugurated the Landhi Korangi Aquarium as the
biggest aquarium in Pakistan to date.

46. Presenter #03
Shazia Akram

48. Karachi ZOO
KARACHI ZOO

49.  The Karachi Zoo also known as Karachi Zoological Gardens, is located in
Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
 It is the largest zoo of Pakistan and second oldest zoo in the country after
Lahore Zoo.
 Date opened : 1878
 Location : Nishter Road, Sir A.K. III Road, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
 Land area : 33 acres (130,000 m2)
 Number of animals : ~880
 Number of species : ~80
 Annual visitors : 0.1 million (2001)
 Website : http://www.karachizoo.pk/
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

50.  Karachi Zoo, established in year 1878, was commonly called as 'Mahatma Gandhi
Garden'.
 In 1861, the zoo was transferred to municipality by the government.
 In 1878, the municipality placed the zoo under a trust to be developed out of
public subscription.
 Later, the zoo was once again opened to public in 1881.
 After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the name was changed to 'Karachi
Zoological Gardens' or 'Karachi Zoo' for short.
 In 1953, Karachi Metropolitan Corporation introduced a zoo curator and a
qualified veterinary doctor.[1] In 1991-2 CDGK for remodelling of Natural History
Museum, which was carried out. In 1992, the Japanese Princess inaugurated the
remodeled Natural History Museum.
 Currently, total strength of Karachi Zoo is about 240 staff members.
BRIEF HISTORY

51. Elephant House
 Elephant House is the most famous exhibit in the zoo.
 A 65-year-old Asian elephant, named 'Anarkali', died on 19
July 2006.
 Two female African bush elephants arrived at the zoo on 16
May 2010 from Karachi Safari Park.
 Both were born in Tanzania in 2007 and have been named
'Noor Jahan' and 'Madhu Bala'.
Areas and attractions

52. Natural History Museum
 Natural History Museum, renovated in 1992, is one of the
more famous attractions in Karachi Zoo.
 Apart from stuffed animals, skins, antlers, horns and feathers
etc. are also placed on display in the museum.
 The facility is used by zoology students for research and
educational motives.

53. Reptile House
 Reptile House was extended and renovated in 1992.
 It is one of the few reptile houses in Pakistan.
 There are 13 species of snakes and lizards.
 Newly born hatchlings of testudines and crocodilians are also
exhibited.

54. Veterinary Hospital
 Veterinary Hospital was established in 1998 in Karachi Zoo with
modern diagnostic facilities.
 There is an operation theatre, equipped with X-ray and sonogram
facilities, multiple sick bays, a laboratory and an incubation room.

55. Mughal Garden
 Mughal Garden, established in 1970, has green lawns with seasonal
plants that occupy a major part of the garden accompanied with
Mughal-style fountains.
 The garden is famous for different varieties of roses and other flowers
that are exhibited there.
White Lions
 White Lions, purchased in 2012 and a big draw for the zoo, are a part
of a breeding programme.

56. Karachi Municipal Aquarium
 Karachi Municipal Aquarium was constructed in 1953.
 Located inside the Karachi Zoo, the aquarium has a total of 28
tanks which contain a total of around 300 fishes of about 30
species.
 It is one of the three public aquaria in Karachi, the other two being
Clifton Fish Aquarium and Landhi Korangi Aquarium

57.  On 15 March 2017, two new bears were welcomed to the
zoo, a male Asian black bear and a female Syrian brown
bear.
NEW ARRIVALS

58.  Arabian oryx
 Asiatic black bear
 African bush elephant
 Bactrian camel
 Bengal tiger
 Black buck
 Chital (spotted deer)
 Fallow deer
 Giraffe
 Hog deer
 Indian crested
 porcupine
 Indian wolf (Indian
jackal)
 Lion
 Llama
 Mouflon (sub. urial)
 Nilgai
 Olive baboon
 Plains zebra
 Red deer
 Sika deer
 Spotted hyena
 Syrian Brown Bear
 Wild goat (sub. Sindh
ibex)
SPECIES LIST
Mammals

59. Aves
 Black crowned crane
 Common pheasant
 Greater flamingo
 Green peafowl
 Indian peafowl
 Mute swan
 Ring-necked parakeet
 Rock pigeon
Reptiles
 Gharial
 Indian cobra
 Indian sand boa
 Mugger crocodile
 Oriental ratsnake
 Spur-thighed tortoise

60. KARACHI SAFARI PARK
KARACHI SAFARI PARK

61.  Karachi Safari Park opened in 1970, is a public funded 'familyonly' safari
park covering an area of 148 acres (0.60 km2),
 Location; in Gulshan-eIqbal, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
 It has a zoo, geared with viewing facilities like a chairlift and safari tracks,
as well as two natural lakes.
 A privately funded amusement park, Go Aish, is located in the Safari
Park's vicinity.
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

62.  Karachi Safari Park was inaugurated in 1970 by Lieutenant General
Atiq-ur-Rehman.
 It was an independent project of the then Karachi Municipal
Corporation.
 The creation of an independent zoo, safari and aquarium department
followed in 1995.
 Karachi Safari Park is now an independent wing of the Community
Development Department of City District Government of Karachi
and has been designated as a 'family park'.
BRIEF HISTORY

63. Go Aish:
 A private theme park featuring ropes course, paintball, quad biking, indoor
climbing and a mini golf course.
Elephant enclave:
 An enclave of about 65,000 square including a bathing space and resting
area for the elephants has been constructed in the park for the joy of visitors
and the elephants.

64. Swan lake:
 A natural lake is located inside the safari park featuring a pagoda style sitting
place.
Chairlift:
 The 10 minutes long chairlift ride was set up at a cost of US$ 2 million and was
inaugurated by the Karachi City Nazim Syed Mustafa Kamal on March 8, 2006.
Attractions

65. Aviary:
 In June 2012, administrator of KMC, Muhammad Hussain Syed, told The
Nation that the country's biggest aviary was being constructed speedily inside
the safari park.
Boating:
 In September 2012, it was announced that pedalo boating would be
introduced in the lake.
FUTURE PROJECTS

66. Camping site:
 A 300 acres of scouting land and camping area was also reported to be
under development in October 2012.
Museum:
 A 3,000 yards expanse will be used by KMC to develop a unique
museum for the endangered birds in Safari Park in accordance with the
International Standards.
 This move will help raise awareness about the ongoing extinction alert
for rare bird species.

69. Sheraz Khan
Presenter #04

71.  Changa Manga
 Gatwala Wildlife Park
 Murree Wildlife Park
 Loi Bher Wildlife Park
 Vehari Wildlife Park
 Pirowal Wildlife Park
 D. G. Khan Wildlife Park
 Faisalabad, PWRI, Breeding
Centre
 Islamabad, Saidpur Hatchery
 Kamalia Wildlife Park
 Khanewal, Pirawala Wildlife Park
 R. Y. Khan Wildlife Park
 Sulemanki Wildlife Park
 Woodland Wildlife Park
 Rawat Breeding Centre,
Rawalpindi
BREEDING CENTERS IN PAKISTAN
Wildlife Breeding Centers In Pakistan are listed below :

72.  The Changa Manga is a planted forest which includes a wildlife preserve, in
the Kasur and Lahore districts of Punjab, Pakistan.
 It is located approximately 80 kilometers south-west of Lahore.
 It was once the largest man-made forest in the world but has undergone
illegal deforestation at a massive scale in recent times.
 Area 12,423 acres (5,027 ha)
 Established in 1866
 Governing body Punjab Forest Department, Government of Punjab,
Pakistan
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Changa Manga
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Changa Manga

73.  Mammalian : 14 species
(including hog deer, jackal, mouflon, nilgai and wildboar),50birds
(including Indian peafowl, Gyps bengalensis and other Asiatic
vultures),
 Reptiles : 6 species
 Amphibians : 2 species
 Insect : 27 species
Fauna

74.  The forest serves as a conservation and breeding centre for the
critically endangered species of Asiatic vultures, Gyps bengalensis
(white-rumped vultures).
 It hosts a conservation centre in association with WWF SAVE (Saving
Asia's Vultures from Extinction) programme, an international effort
across India, Nepal and Pakistan.
 The Asiatic vulture species of G. bengalensis and G. indicus have
reportedly seen a decline by "more than 90 per cent in Pakistan, India
and Nepal",thereby making the conservation efforts at Changa Manga
extremely crucial for the survival of these vulture species.
Wildlife conservation and breeding

75.  Gatwala Wildlife Park is a wildlife park, botanical garden and breeding center located
in the town of Gatwala in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
 It is situated near Khurrianwala and 140 kilometres (87 mi) away from Lahore Zoo.
 It is the largest park of Faisalabad. Gatwala Forest Park is a huge compound of more
than 100 km2 that houses forest areas, parks, lakes and administrative buildings of the
Ministry of Forestry, Government of Pakistan.
 Situated on the Shiekhupura Road / Lahore Road, its distance from the Clock Tower,
Faisalabad is almost 20 km.
 It is situated next to many residential colonies and towns of Metropolis of Faisalabad as
a result of the extreme expansion of residential areas of Faisalabad.
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Gatwala Wildlife Park

76.  The land where Gatwala Wildlife Park is situated belonged to Punjab
Forestry Department.
 In 1985, the then government of Pakistan, declared Faisalabad a division
and announced many upgrade projects.
 One of these projects was the development of a Wildlife Park in Gatwala.
 The overall development took 7 years and wildlife park was completed
with all its facilities in 1992.
BRIEF HISTORY

77.  The main attractions in Gatwala Park are the huge green parks that
house a few rides for children, flowing canals across the park,
bamboo growing area, large forest areas and two lakes.
 Boating is done in one lake, whereas the other lake is the home to
many crocodiles.
 Proper cordoning of the lake with crocodiles has created a safe area
for people to view crocodiles from a distance.

78.  Murree Wildlife Park is a Zoo located in Bansra Gali, in Murree Pakistan.
 This Park was initially inaugurated under the National Development Scheme
'Development of Wildlife Park' in 1986.
 The wildlife park provides canteens and cafeterias for the tourists and visitors.
 The Murree Wildlife Park covers an area of 240 acres.
Murree Wildlife Park
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

79.  Gatwala Wildlife Park is equipped with many facilities to make the visit
enjoyable yet close to nature.
 The following recreational activities are available in Gatwala Wildlife Forest
Park Faisalabad.
 Main Lake
 Children Area
 Bamboo Forest
 Bird Sanctuary
 Crocodile Farm
 Open Parks
Facilities

80. Mammals
 Siberian tiger
 Red deer
 Yak(Bos gruniens)
 Asian black bear
 Bactrian camel
 Chital
 Chinkara S
 ambar
Birds
 Black Shoulder Peafowl (Pavo
cristatus)
 Guinea fowl (Numididae)
 Green Pheasant (Phasianus
versicolor)
SPECIES LIST

81.  Vehari Wildlife Park is a public wildlife park located in Vehari, Punjab,
Pakistan.
 Date opened 1988
 Location Eidgah Road, Vehari, Punjab, Pakistan
 Land area : 16 acres (6 ha)
 Number of animals : ~210
 Number of species : ~20
 Major exhibits: lions, blue bull, hog deer.
Vehari Wildlife Park
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

82.  Vehari Wildlife Park was established in 1988 on an area of 16 acres
(6 ha) at a cost 3 million rupees by Government of Punjab.
 The park has been reported in 2007 to have lost "a dozen of
animals" in past 6 years due to negligence and unavailability of a
veterinary doctor.
BRIEF HISTORY

83. DHODIAL PHEASANTRY

84. It is the Asia's Largest Pheasantry.
 There are forty-nine species of pheasants found all over the world. Of these, six
are also found in Pakistan.
 These are Blue Peafowl, Kalij, Koklass, Cheer, and Western Tragopan.
 At a distance of forty kilometres from Abbottabad, towards Shinkiari, is the small
village of Dhodial.
 Here is situated the Dhodial Pheasantry, the largest of its kind in Asia.

85.  A pheasantry, in simple words, is a facility where pheasants are kept and
bred.
 It was set up, over an area of four acres, in 1984, by the Department of
Wildlife, NWFP.
 The object was to provide the people an opportunity to observe the
different kinds of pheasants found in the country.
 Later, the area was increased to eight acres.
 The breeding of pheasants was also started for the purposes of
reintroduction and re-stocking in different forests, and supply to other
pheasantries in the province.
 Other birds were also included in the facility.

86.  At the moment, there are 16 different species of birds in the
pheasantry. The number of pairs, permanently kept for breeding
purpose, is above 400.
 Different fowls and pheasants are kept in cages (148 in all);
whereas, there is a separate pond for ducks and cranes.

87.  Including the in charge and a veterinary doctor, there is a permanent staff of
six persons to look after the administration and maintenance of this huge
establishment, which is most inadequate.
 During the breeding season, when the work load increases enormously, three
or four labourers are temporarily hired for cleaning and other petty jobs.
 The reason for this and several other disabilities is the perpetual shortage of
funds for the pheasantry.

88.  Due to monetary constrains, the pheasantry has no laboratory for
research and diagnostic purposes.
 The first veterinary doctor was posted here about two years back.
 Before this, whenever needed, doctors would be called from the nearby
Veterinary Research Institute, set up by the Department of Agriculture.
 Similarly, the staff of the pheasantry is also allowed to use the facilities
at the institute for laboratory work.

89.  No amount has ever been specifically reserved for this pheasantry in the
annual budget either of the province or of the concerned ministry.
 Whatever it gets from the government, it is made out of the usual financial
allocation for the wildlife in the province.
 In order to meet the expenditure, the pheasantry generates some income on
its own.
 This is done in two ways: by charging of fee from the visitors and by selling
surplus birds to the public.

90.  There have been times when the financial condition got so bad that
there was no money even for the purchase of bird-feed.
 The in charge of the pheasantry had to arrange for it on credit,
through his personal contacts.
 However, despite all thesedifficulties and hindrances, the pheasantry
has made a remarkable progress.

91.  Sometimes a specie gets extinct in an area because of destruction of
habitat, disease, hunting, etc.
 The process by which it is raised again is called "reintroduction".
 In certain cases the number of a specie in a territory decreases due to
the same reasons.
 The process by which the number is revived either by adding in it from
a breeding centre or through re-location of excess from some other
place is called "re-stocking".
 Right now, the Dhodial Pheasantry is the main source of supply for the
re-introduction of Cheer; and the future re-stocking of Kalij, Koklass,
Monal, and Western Tragopan.

92.  The Dhodial Pheasantry was selected for the breeding of Cheer.
 The World Pheasants Association was requested by the Department of
Wildlife to send some eggs of the bird.
 They responded by sending about 90 eggs to the pheasantry.
 Some of these eggs did not hatch. Among those which did, the
mortality was high.
 The rate of mortality remained high, till 1995, due to various reasons.
 The most important of these was the ignorance of the staff pertaining
the diagnosis and treatment of different diseases of Cheer.
 This situation got better in 1996.

93.  The pheasantry at Dhodial not only proves the competence
of our own talent in the field of wildlife conservation, but it
also shows how, with extremely limited resources, a handful
of dedicated and determined persons can make a huge
venture fruitful.