ENDANGERED AND EXTINCT SPECIES IN PAKISTAN

1. UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION TOWNSHIP CAMPUS LAHORE
FATIMA KHALID
BS.ZOOLO.F-15-E37

2. PRESENTATION TOPIC
• ENDANGERED AND EXTINCT
SPECIES OF PAKISTAN

3. ENDANGERED SPECIES
• A SPECIES OF PLANT OR ANIMAL THAT IS IN
IMMEDIATE DANGER OF BECOMING EXTINCT AND
NEEDS PROTECTION TO SURVIVE

4. WILDLIFE OF PAKISTAN
• The wildlife of Pakistan comprises a diverse flora and fauna in a wide
range of habitats from sea level to high elevation areas in the mountains,
including 177 mammal and 660 bird species.[1] This diverse composition
of the country's fauna is associated with its location in the transitional
zone between two major zoogeographical regions, the Palearctic, and
the Oriental

5. BIOGEOGRAPHIC REGIONS OF THE WORLD

6. SPARING A THOUGHT FOR ENDANGERED
SPESCIES OF PAKISTAN
• Pakistan is home to a number of endangered
species including the Indian pangolin, snow
leopard, the Indus river dolphin and the green
turtle. The facts and figures in Pakistan tend to
paint a challenging picture, yet there is still
plenty of room for optimism.

7. ENDANGERED SPECIES ARE LIKE FIRE ALARMS
• WWF International’s Living Planet Report 2016, which measures
biodiversity abundance levels based on 14,152 monitored populations of
3,706 vertebrate species, showed a persistent downward trend. On
average, the population of the species monitored showed a decline by 58
per cent between 1970 and 2012

8. CURRENT GEOLOGICAL AGE
• There is a growing school of scientific thought that the Earth is in the middle of
the sixth great extinction event in its history.

9. WHY ARE ANIMALS BECOMING
ENDANGERED
CLIMATE CHANGE
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE
OVER HUNTING
POPULATION GROWTH

10. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF CONSERVATION OF
NATURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES
• The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known
as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in
1965, has evolved to become the world's most
comprehensive inventory of the global conservation
status of biological species.

11. ENDANGERED FAUNA
• On 4th October, 2018 Pakistan
Environmental Journalists created
what you may call first ever visual
database of endangered species in
Pakistan.

12. ENDANGERED FAUNA OF PAKISTAN
•MAMMALS

13. MOUNTAIN WEASEL
• Mountain weasel is that is also known by the name of
Pale weasel lives in the high altitude areas of the
Pakistan.
• The weasel’s species is native to Pakistan and mature animals continue to extinct
in numbers. The range of Mountain Weasel includes east and central Asia, China,
Nepal and Pakistan etc. According to the ICUN’s the most mountain Weasles are
more concerned due to its extinction. A continuing declines in population of the
Weasles species due to the ongoing deforestation.

14. MOUNTAIN WEASEL

15. ASIAN BLACK BEAR
• The black bear found in the Balochistan mountains
of southern Iran and pakistan. In Pakistan, hilly ranges
of Takht-e-Suliman and Toba Kakar are the habitat of
black bear. That and expansion of human settlement
into wildlife territory has affected their growth putting a
threat on their species. It’s a shame that people are
destroying such things for personal pleasure.

16. ASIATIC BLACK BEAR

17. SMOOTH COATED OTTER
• The smooth coated otter lived in Pakistan, Bangladesh,
Nepal and India. Mostly, the smooth coated otter is
endangered due to loss in wetland habitat. The Otter’s
habitat is lost due to the conversion of wetlands for
settlement and agriculture, contamination of
waterways by pesticides and large scale hydroelectric
projects. Infrastructure developments and reduction in
prey biomass (fishes) have led to disappearance of
smooth coated otter from many rivers and streams.

18. SMOOTH COATED OTTER

19. LEOPORD
• Mostly leopard occurs in sub saharan Africa and Asia.
According to IUCN red list the leopards are at extinct level
due to habitat fragmentation and habitat loss. The other
main reasons for the extinction of leopards are hunting
and body parts are used for the decoration and medicinal
practices.

20. LEOPORD

21. INDUS RIVER DOLFIN
• The Indus river dolphin is the second most
endangered freshwater river dolphin. The populations
of river dolphin declined due to the many factors such
as poaching, habitat fragmentation and water
pollution due to dams and barrages. Water pollution
is the major threat for the survival of Indus river
dolphin such as untreated sewage from the societies,
industrial pollution and pesticides caused a massive
quantity of fish deaths in highly urban area. The
other major threat to the river dolphin populations
such as hunted for different purposes just like
traditional medicines, oil and meat.

22. MARCO POLO SHEEP
• Marco polo found in Pakistan, China and Afghanistan. The Marco polo
preferably likes to live on mountains, gentle slopes and steep valleys.
According to the IUCN red list 2008 the Marco polo sheep is considered as
endangered species due to the habitat loss, over hunting or illegal
shooting and limited resources

23. MARCO POLO SHEEP

24. SNOW LEOPORD
• The snow leopards are found in the mountainous areas of
Pakistan. The populations of snow leopard declined due to
many factors such as Climate change, killed by local farmers,
diseases, illegal trade, resource extraction and prey declines.
Climate change is a major threat to the habitat for snow
leopard. (Wingard et al. 2014) reported that the new threats
for the snow leopard have been identified such as mining,
barriers such as fenced railway lines or roads and large scale
infrastructure.

25. SNOW LEOPORD

26. SIBERIAN CRANES
• The habitats of this species are under threats due
to the oil exploration, water development projects,
growing population and agricultural development.
The eastern population is at risk from loss of
wetland habitat whereas the western population is
threatened hunting.

27. SIBEREAN CRANES

28. GREEN SEA TURTLE
• Mainly, green sea turtle are found in subtropical and
tropical waters. Mostly, Sea turtles are dependent on
beaches for their nesting. Vehicle traffic and other
human activities on beaches are destroying the nesting
places of green turtle. The populations of green sea
turtles are under threatened due to hunting of adults,
overharvesting of their eggs, uncontrolled coastal
development, human activities and water pollution.

29. GREEN SEA TURTLE

30. FISHING CAT
• The fishing cat is mainly feeds on snakes, frog, fish,
rodents, wild pigs and young deer etc. Fishing cat is
mainly found in dense vegetation near stream and
river and tropical dry forest. The population of
fishing cat threatened due to over farming, use of
chemical fertilizer, drainage issue and over fishing
by human.

31. FISHING CAT

32. MARKHOR/MOUNTAIN SHEEP
• Mountain sheep or Markhor is the national animal of
Pakistan. It is mostly found in the mountainous areas of
Pakistan, Kashmir, Afghanistan, southern Tajikistan and
Uzbekistan. In 2015, Mountain sheep was declared as
endangered species by the International Union for
Conversion of Nature (IUCU). That means if conservation
efforts are not maintained to look after this animal then is
extinction will be in danger. At present, there are estimated
2,500 Mountain sheep in Pakistan.

33. NATIONAL ANIMAL

34. BALUCHISTAN FOREST DORMOUSE
• Baluchistan forest dormouse is from the family of
Gliridae. However it is from the species of rodent and
endemic to Pakistan. This species is currently in
Baluchistan only in the areas of Ziarat. According to
IUCN, this species is not currently known from any
protected areas. Research is needed to protect this
species against threats and arrange the conservation
needs.

35. BALUCHISTAN FOREST DORMOUSE

36. BLACK FINLESS PORPOISE
• Black Finless Porpoise mostly founds in Pakistan. Its
living areas are around the coasts of Pakistan.
Habitat loss, water pollution and boat traffic are
endangering this species. In Pakistan, it has been
declared as an endangered species across the
southern coast of the Arabian Sea.

37. BLACK FINLESS PORPOISE

38. BURROWING VOLE
• Burrowing Vole is an epidemic to Azad Jammu and
Kashmir and some regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Depletion of habitat because of human activities and
livestock grazing are the major threats for its survival. This
species is listed in the list of endangered animals in
Pakistan. WWF has also highlighted the importance of
protecting this species and asks for making conservation
efforts.

39. BURROWING VOLE

40. KASHMIR VOLE
• Kashmir Vole appears to be limited in few part of
Azad Jammu & Kashmir and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Kashmir Vole is basically native to Pakistan and
India only. It is not from the protected areas and
requires protection.

41. KASHMIR VOLE

42. EUROPEAN OTTER
• European Otter that is also known as the Old World
Otter or Common Otter is a native to Asia and
Europe. It is also founds mostly in the Azad Jammu
and Kashmir where it is declared as an endangered
species.

43. EUROPEAN OTTER

44. MARBLED POLECAT
• Marbled Polecat is a small mammal found in the
north-western deserts of Pakistan. This species is
facing threats because of habitat destruction. It is
also listed as endangered species in Pakistan by the
concerned authorities.

45. MARBLED POLECAT

46. • Endangered Mammals in Pakistan
by Pakistan Environmental Journalists

47. URIAL

48. ARGALI

49. Himalayan Musk Deer (Endangered)

50. Indian Pangolin (Endangered)

51. Kashmir Musk Deer (Endangered)

52. Indian Ocean Humpback Dolphin (Endangered)

53. FAUNA OF PAKISTAN
•REPTILES AND
AMPHIBIANS

54. AFGHANI TORTOISE

55. CROWNED RIVER TURTLE

56. GAVIAL (CRITICALLY ENDANGERED)

57. MUGGAR (VULNERABLE)

58. SPOTTED POND TURTLE (VULNERABLE)

59. • NO AMPHIBIAN IS ENDANGERED
IN PAKISTAN

60. •BIRDS

61. BLACK BELLIED TERN (ENDANGERED)

62. BLACK HEADED IBIS (NEAR THREATENED)

63. BLACK TAILED GODWIT (NEAR THREATENED)

64. Bristled Grassbird (Vulnerable)s

65. Egyptian Vulture (Endangered)

66. Eurasian Curlew (Near Threathened)

67. Red-Headed Vulture (Critically_Endangered)

68. Saker Falcon (Endangered)

69. White-Headed Duck (Endangered)

70. Little Bustard (Near Threatened)

71. •FISHES

72. • There are 531 species of Fish in Pakistan. 233 of them are of fresh
water. A total of 91 species of fishes in Pakistan are globally
endangered. Most of these fishes are hunted for food and trophy
without realizing the consequences which is why we have create a list
of endangered fishes in Pakistan as conservation of these animals is
our responsibility.

73. Zebra Shark (Endangered)

74. Yellowfin Hind (Near Threatened)

75. Common Seahorse (Vulnerable)

76. Clubnose Guitar Fish (Vulnerable)

77. Black-blotched Stingray (Vulnerable)

78. Big Eyed Tuna (Vulnerable)

79. Pondicherry Shark (Critically_Endangered)

80. Knifetooth Sawfish (Endangered)

81. •MARINE ANIMALS AND
CORALS

82. Birdsnest Coral: Seriatopora caliendrum

83. Blue Coral: Heliopora coerulea

84. Closed Brain Coral: Leptoria phrygia

85. Crisp Pillow Coral: Anomastraea irregularis

86. Physogyra lichtensteini

87. Favites halicora

88. Montastrea annuligera

89. Fungia curvata

90. Why to save Endangered species
ECOLOGICAL IMPOTANCE
RECREATIONAL IMPOTANCE
MEDICAL IMPORTANCE

91. EXTINCT SPECIES OF PAKISTAN
• Though little data is available, there is little reason to believe that Pakistan's
biota is exempt from this rapid decline. Within the last 400 years, at least four
mammals are known to have disappeared from Pakistan: the tiger (Panthera
tigris), swamp deer (Cervus duvauceli), lion (Panthera leo) and the Indian one-
horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis). A further four species are also
extinct: the Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus), the Indian wild ass
(Equus hemionus khur) and the Hangul (Cervus elaphus hanglu) have most
likely become extinct in recent decades (Roberts 1977, Khan and Hussain 1985).
The fourth species, the blackbuck (Antelope cervicapra) was listed as an extinct
species but has been bred in captivity

92. ASIATIC ELEPHANT

93. SWAMP DEER

94. TIGER

95. LION

96. INDIAN ONE HORNED RHINOCEROS

97. CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY
NATIONAL PARKS
GAME RESERVES
WILDLIFE REFUGE

98. PROJECTS IN PAKISTAN
HIMALIYAN JUNGLE PROJECT
INDUS DOLPHIN PROJECT
CONSERVATION OF SNOW LEAPORD
IN NORTHERN PAKISTAN

99. Dr. MUHAMMAD MUDASSAR SHAHZAD