Micro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality. All contents are rightfully credited to the book. EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND QUALIFICATIONS IN THE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY (If someone knows the title of the book please tell me in the comment section. Thank you. )

1. EMPLOYMENT
OPPORTUNITIES AND
QUALIFICATIONS IN
THE TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY
INDUSTRY
CHAPTER 15

2. EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN
TOURISM
Consist of many components such as
transportation, accommodations, food service,
tourist destinations, tourist attractions, travel
brokers, as well as travel related services.
The following is list and description of the jobs in
the large field.

3. AIRLINES
A B O U T U S
AIRLINE EMPLOYMENT is exciting and
attractive to the adventurous. Salary levels
are relatively high in the airlines. Short term
economic stresses may cause some
problems, but long term prospects for airline
careers are bright. Here are some of the jobs
in the airline:

5. A. FLIGHT ATTENDANT
- The position of flight attendant has
evolved from the career that was
once called “stewardess, hostess,
or steward.” The responsibility of a
flight attendant is to see to it that
the passengers are comfortable.
They perform several personal
services conducive to the safety
and comfort of passengers during
flight.

6. The primary requirements of a flight attendant is:
• the ability to remain calm, pleasant and physical stamina
• live in the city designated by an airline
• average tall in height and be able to reach the overheard
compartment
• height must be proportional to weight
• excellent English language skills
• general health should be excellent
• good appearance
Advancement from the flight attendant position depends on seniority
and merit. The primary benefit of a flight attendant’s work is free or
reduced travel rate.

7. B. TICKET AGENTS, RESERVATION
AGENTS, CLERKS
Reservation agents and clerks become the
link between telephone inquiries and
computer terminal. They answer questions
on flight schedules and seat availability and
make reservations.
Ticket Agents work at airport ticket counters
and in central city ticket offices. They
answer question about fares and schedules,
handing out timetables, checking with the
reservation agent on seat availability and
selling tickets.

8. C. AIRLINE FOOD SERVICE
This is a behind the scene position but
an essential one in the airline industry.
Airlines have finally recognized the
need for quality meals to attract
potential passengers. Many airlines
plan international meal characteristics
of the destination or of the airline itself.
Pre-requisite for this position is
educational training in food service or
experience on hotel and restaurants
field.

9. D. FLIGHT DISPATCHER
 They give permission for aircrafts to take off. The
dispatcher evaluates all factors of flight including the
airplane's status, the crew, weather information and
other details.
E. OPERATIONS AGENTS,
STATION RAMP AGENTS
 There responsibilities are supervision
and loading of baggage and cargo.
Cargo weight must be evenly
distributed by these agents with the
corresponding list of members and
passengers recorded. They coordinate
the transfer of baggage for connecting
flights, announce arrivals and
departures.

10. F. SALES MANAGER/ DISTRICT SALES
MANAGER
 Oversee ticket and reservation offices,
supervise sales representative and promote
traffic on their airlines. They maintain contact
with local travel agents and tour operators to
keep them informed on the latest airline
promotion.
G. AIRLINES LOUNGE RECEPTIONIST
. The airline receptionist admits members and
guests to the airline lounge; serves beverages and
snacks; verifies membership cards; admits and oil
seats members and guests; answers questions
regarding scheduled flight and terminal facilities;
and verifies passenger reservations

11. H. FLIGHT ATTENDANT SUPERVISOR
 Supervises and coordinates activities of flight attendants,
assigns duties and areas of work to flight attendants:
observes activities of employees to evaluate work
performance and maintains personnel records; explains
and demonstrates methods and procedures for performing
tasks; and prepares evaluation reports on the performance
of employees.
I. RAMP FLIGHT ATTENDANT
 The ramp flight attendant checks flight attendant's
conformity to personal appearance standards and
performance of pre-flight duties and compiles reports of
findings; inspects appearance and grooming of personnel.
They consolidates trip reports and daily checklists,
emergency equipment, safety procedures, prepares flight
register, and notifies personnel of changes in schedules.

12. J. CREW SCHEDULER
 The crew scheduler compiles duty rosters
of flight crews, maintains records of crew
members' flying time; schedules airline
flights; prepare flight register, the types
names of crew members in the flight
schedule, posts name extra crew members
in the order of seniority on reserve list, and
select replacement when needed.
K. FLIGHT-CREW-TIME CLERK
 The flight-crew-time clerk compiles flight
time records of flight officers for the payroll
and crew scheduling departments to
ensure accuracy of payroll and legality of
flights and posts data using posting
machines.

13. L. FLIGHT RESERVATIONS
MANAGER
 The flight reservations manager directs and
coordinates, through subordinate supervisory
personnel, flight reservation activities for
certified commercial or transport companies,
reviews flight reservation reports; and
conducts comparative studies with other
airline reservations.

14. M. GATE AGENT
 The gate agent assists passengers and
checks flight tickets at entrance gates or
stations when boarding or disembarking
airplanes of commercial airlines , examines
passenger tickets to ensure that
passengers have the correct flights or
seats or directs passengers to correct
boarding areas, using passenger
manifests, seating charts, and flight
schedules.

15. N. GATE SERVICES SUPERVISOR
 The gate services supervisor supervises and coordinates activities of
workers engaged in admitting departing passengers to the aircraft and
assisting passengers to disembark at terminal exits of commercial
airlines; observe workers to ensure that services are performed
correctly.
0. GROUND HOST/HOSTESS
 The ground host or hostess provide personal services in airline
terminals, answers questions of the passengers; guides and escorts
foreign-speaking passengers.

16. Q. RESERVATIONS AGENT
 The reservations agent makes and confirms
reservations and routing for passengers, arranges
reservations and routing to passengers at the request
of ticket agents or customers, using timetables, airline
manuals, reference guides, and tariff books.
P. PASSENGER SERVICE
REPRESENTATIVE
 The passenger service representative renders
a variety of personal services such as taking
care of company officials, distinguished
persons, foreign-speaking passengers, and
unaccompanied children gives aid to sick or
injured passengers, assists in claiming
personal belongings and baggage.

17. R. SENIOR RESERVATION AGENT
 Supervises and coordinates activities of workers
engaged in reserving seat space for passengers
on scheduled airline flights, assigns workers to
tasks in accordance with abilities and personal
requirements and observe work procedures.
S. TICKETING CLERK
 Compiles and records information to assemble
airline tickets for transmittal or mailing to
passengers; reads coded data on booking card to
as certain destination, carrier, flight number, type
of accommodation, and en route stopovers.

18. T. AIRCRAFT LOG CLERK
 Keeps records of usage and time intervals between
inspection and maintenance of designated airplane
parts, compiles data from flight schedules, prepare
reports on schedule delays caused by mechanical
difficulties to be filled with the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) in USA and with the Civil
Aeronautics Board in the Philippines.
U. AIRPORT ATTENDANT
 Periodically inspects buildings and hangars to detect
fire hazards and violations of airport regulations,
patrols airfield to ensure security of aircraft and
facilities; records airport data such as the number of
planes stored in hangars, plane landings and
departures, and number of passengers carried on
planes.

19. V. FLIGHT INFORMATION EXPEDITER
 Determines flight times of airplanes and transmits
information to flight operations and Air Traffic
Command Center, evaluates data such as weather
conditions, flight plans, ramp delays, and en route
stopovers to determine arrival and departure times.
W. AIRPORT MANAGER
 Coordinates activities of personnel involved in the
repair and maintenance of airport facilities,
buildings, and equipment to minimize interruption of
airport operations; directs personnel in investigating
violations of aerial or ground traffic regulations;
reviews investigation reports; and initiates actions to
be taken against violators.

20. X. STATION MANAGER
 Directs and coordinates airline station activities at
transport stations located at airports to provide
services for scheduled flight operations, reviews
station activity reports to ascertain data required for
planning station operations; directs preparation of
work schedules to obtain maximum utilization of
manpower and facilities.
Y. CHIEF AIRPORT GUIDE
 Supervises and coordinates activities of workers
engaged in conducting guided tours at airport;
arranges tour according to interests of group,
schedules tours to avoid interruption of airport
operations and minimize congestion; and assigns
workers to guide tours.

21. Z. TRAFFIC AGENT
 Solicits freight business from industrial
and commercial firms and passenger
travel business, explains available
routes, land limits, and special
equipment available.

22. The agency acts as a broker,
and brings the buyer and
seller together for the other
suppliers such as hotels, car
rentals, ground operators,
and tour companies.
Here are several jobs that
exist in the travel agency :
TRAVEL AGENCIES

24. A. TRAVEL AGENT
Plans itineraries and arranges accommodations and other
travel services for customer, computes cost of travel and
accommodations or quotes costs of package tours; and
books customer on transportation carrier and makes hotel
reservations.
B. TRAVEL INFORMATION CENTER
SUPERVISOR
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged
in greeting and welcoming motorists at state highway
information center; provides information such as directions,
road conditions, and vehicular travel regulations.

25. C. TOUR OPERATOR
 Is the wholesale agent of the travel industry. The primary function of
the wholesaler is the design of tours and travel packages on a large
scale. Tour operators range from the very large to small independent
operators specializing in specific geographic regions.
D. TOURIST INFORMATION ASSISTANT
 Provides information and services to tourists at an information
centers, assists tourists in planning itineraries and gives information
on tourist attractions.
E. TOUR GUIDE
 The tour guide escorts visitors around the city or town; describes
points of interest along the route, may collect fees or tickets and plan
refreshment and rest and may be required to speak a foreign
language when communicating foreign visitors.

26. HOTELS AND
MOTELS
The following are the descriptions of hotel/motel-related jobs:

27. Manila Hotel is the oldest premier hotel in the Philippines
Nishiyama Onsen Keiunkan
Yamanashi, Japan
Opened: 705
Cited by Guinness World Records as the oldest hotel in the world,
as well as the world's oldest continuously-operating business.

28. A. MANAGER OF A HOTEL OR
MOTEL
 Manages a hotel or motel to ensure
efficient and profitable operations;
establishes standards for personnel
administration, service to patrons, room
rates, advertising publicity, credit, food
selection ,allocates funds, assists in
planning budgets and delegates authority
and assigns responsibilities to
department heads.

29. B. LODGING FACILITIES
MANAGER
 Manages and maintains temporary or
permanent lodging facilities,
purchases supplies and arranges for
outside services and makes mini
electrical, plumbing, and structural
repairs.
C. HOTEL CLERK
 Performs a combination of duties for
guests of hotels, motels, or condotels,
registers and assist to guests; issues
room keys; registration of guests,
keeps records of room availability, and
computes bills and collects payments.

30. D. SALES REPRESENTATIVE
 Contacts representatives of
government, business, and social
groups to solicit business for hotels,
motels, or resorts, selects prospective
customers by receiving information
concerning functions , outlines types of
service offered, and verifies
reservations by letter or draws up
contracts.

31. CRUISE
LINES

32. SYMPHONY OF THE SEAS SPECTRUM OF THE SEAS

33. A. CRUISE LINE DIRECTOR
 Responsible for all daily activities,
planning, entertainment. This
requires a strong background in the
entertainment field, an exceptional
ability to work well with people, and
the ability to handle administrative
details.

34. B. DOCUMENTATION
SUPERVISOR
 Supervises and coordinates
activities of workers engaged in
preparing shipping documents and
related reports, and in classifying
and rating cargo reviews ship's
schedules and booking records to
plan and schedule work activities.

35. C. CHIEF STEWARD/STEWARDESS
 Supervises and coordinates activities of
personnel in the steward's department
aboard supervises workers engaged in
housekeeping and meal serving; inspects
passenger areas for cleanliness.
D. SOCIAL DIRECTOR
 Plans and organizes recreational activities
and creates a friendly atmosphere for
guests in hotels or resorts or for passengers
on board ships, greets new arrivals,
introduces them to other guests, acquaints
them with recreation facilities, and
encourages them to participate in group
activities.

36. E. BOOKING SUPERVISOR
 Supervises and coordinates activities of
workers engaged in booking shipments
of cargo on ships and keeping booking
control records to the maximum
utilization of cargo spaces and views
records of bookings.

37. MOTOR
COACHES
The following are descriptions of motor coach-related jobs:

38. With a price tag of 1 million pesos, the Leyland
Atlantean double-deck bus could accommodate up
to 100 passengers, 62 of them on the upper deck.
They were ordered from a British company as part
of the initiative of the Metro Manila Transit
Corporation (MMTC)
According to Lou Gopal of Manila Nostalgia,
rates per passenger were set at 20 centavos in
1975. Children who were less than 1 meter in
height were admitted free.

39. A. BUS DISPATCHER
 Dispatches long-distance buses
according to schedule, and oversees bus
drivers and bus attendants while they are
at the terminal, arranges for extra buses
and drivers in case of accidents or heavy
traffic; and announces incoming and
outgoing buses.

40. B. BUS ATTENDANT
 He or she renders a variety of personal
services to bus passengers to make their
trip pleasant; welcomes passengers
boarding the bus; adjusts seating
arrangements to accommodate
passengers, answers questions about
bus schedules, travel routes, and bus
services points.

41. C. DISPATCHER CLERK
 Schedules work for bus crew or individual
workers and keeps time records; enters
names of workers on assignment sheet
for each trip on the basis of seniority;
notifies workers of assignment,
establishes availability and assigns
replacement crew when needed.

42. CAR RENTAL
COMPANIES

44. A. SALES RENTAL AGENT
 Greets customers and helps them find suitable car for
their needs. They must possess a pleasant and
outgoing personalities and have an overall good
appearance. They are trained in computerized
reservations, as well as communication skills.
B. RESERVATION AGENT
 Work directly over the phone with requests from
reservation clerks, travel agents, and the general
public. They check the availability of cars in the city
requested and take all pertinent information.

45. C. CAR RENTAL SALES REPRESENTATIVE
 Promotes car rental services to the business, traveler
segment. Others deal with travel agents and airlines with the
goal of increasing sales through the establishment of
corporate package deals on a large volume basis.
D. AUTOMOBILE RENTAL CLERK
 Rents automobiles to customers at airports, hotels, marinas,
and other locations; talks to customers to determine type of
automobile desired , location where car is to be picked up
and returned, examines customer's driver's license and
determines amount of deposit required; quotes cost of rental
based on per-day and per-mile rates.

46. GAMING
ENTERTAINMENT
INDUSTRYCareer opportunities in the gaming entertainment industry are unlimited.

47. BELLAGIO, LAS VEGAS, USA THE VENETIAN MACAO,
CHINA
MONTE CARLO CASINO,
MONTE CARLO, MONACO

48. A. HOTEL OPERATIONS
 The career opportunities in gaming
entertainment hotel operations are very
similar to the career opportunities in the
full-service hotel industry. The only
exception is that food and beverage
can be a separate division and not part
of the hotel operations. The rooms and
guest services departments offer the
most opportunities for students of
hospitality management.

49. B. FOOD AND BEVERAGE
OPERATIONS
 Gaming entertainment industry has
many food and beverage outlets
including restaurants, hotel room
service, banquets and conventions,
and retail outlets. There are many
executive-level management positions
in both front and back-of-the-house
food and beverage operations in
gaming entertainment operations.

50. C. CASINO OPERATIONS
 Casino operations are divided into five
functional areas: gaming operation
staff, casino service staff, marketing
staff, human resources staff and
finance and administration staff.

51. D. RETAIL OPERATIONS
 The increased emphasis on non-
gaming sources of revenue in gaming
entertainment business demands an
expertise in all aspects of retail
operations, from store design and
layout, to product selection,
merchandising and sales control.

52. E. ENTERTAINMENT
OPERATIONS
 For those interested in stage and
theater production, lighting and box
office management, and talent
management and booking.

53. THANK YOU!
Crdts: Monique Simplina