This document outlines a course on terminal service systems management and developing terminal service strategies and capacity planning. The course covers 7 topics over 110 hours, including components of terminal service systems, passenger and baggage handling, passenger flow management, and developing strategies and planning capacity. It discusses challenges for terminals like variable demand and increasing ancillary revenues. The document also discusses factors that affect airport planning like aircraft size, regional air transport growth, security developments, and external factors like economic crises. Finally, it presents alternatives for airport strategic planning like dynamic strategic planning, adaptive policymaking, and flexible strategic planning.

1. This course is prepared under the Erasmus+ KA-210-YOU Project titled
«Skilling Youth for the Next Generation Air Transport Management»
Terminal Service Systems
Management
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity planning
Allan Nõmmik

2. Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning
2
Terminal Service Systems Management
Course Subject 1 Introduction to the course, Capacity definitions, Airport definitions
Course Subject 2 Terminal service systems components
Course Subject 3 Passenger processing
Course Subject 4 Baggage handling
Course Subject 5 Passenger flow management at different service stages
Course Subject 6 Emergency response planning
Course Subject 7 Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity planning
Total Workload 110 h
Course Evaluation No exam, only Certiticate of Completion will be provided.
Participant University in
Charge
Estonian Aviation Academy
Course Coordinator(s) Kristjan Roosipõld, Allan Nõmmik

3. The main challenges could be divided into areas:
- variability in demand, including characteristics (demand profile
incl passengers willingness to pay, destinations etc)
- needs to increase the proportion of ancillaries in income
structure (due to strong competition, airlines are less and less
willing to pay for airport services)
- development of passenger service technology - aviation
security
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning
3
Challenges

4. Air Transportation Internal Factors That Affect Airport Planning
• In the coming years, the size (numeber of seats) of the aircraft is
expected. Projected and moderate growth in flight operations
• From 2030, however, expect a so-called renaissance of regional air
transportation (aircaft 19-70 seats) thanks to new so-called "green
technologies"
• Airline bankruptcies and the evolution of business models
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning
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Variability of demand characteristics (1)

5. Air Transportation External Factors That Affect Airports Planning
• Political crises and military activities
• Epidemics
• Economic crises
• Changes in consumer preferences, including flight shame
• Changes of demand due to climate change
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning
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Variability of demand characteristics (2)

6. • Explain what impact the increase in the number of seats in
operated aircraft will have on the airport terminal? Consider all
service stages for passengers. Use the examples for an airport
you know.
• Explan how external factors could affect airports you know.
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning 6
Task 7-1

7. In addition to the usual need to ensure security, it is clear that the
fight against terrorism will continue. Possible developments
- Detecting Dangerous People : recognising the false identity,
- Possible new procedures for passenger and baggage screening
- New screening technology incl under government control
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning
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Security

8. • The old so-called blue print approach no longer works today
and also in the long-term perspective
• Relatively small changes in demand are not the most difficult
obstacle
• It is possible to change the capacity of the airport, including by
testing solutions in advance with simulation software
• It is important to think about flexibility before
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning
8
Master planning

9. • Dynamic Strategic Planning (DSP) an approach for making
flexible plans that can be easily adjusted over time to the actual
situation and conditions. The resulting DSP defines a flexible
development over several stages; it commits only to a first
stage, and then proposes different developments in the second
and subsequent stages. DSP can be compared to a chess
game; players think multiple moves ahead, but only commit to
one move at a time.
9
Alternatives (1)
Source: Dynamic Strategic Planning for Technology Policy Richard de Neufville - International Journal of
Technology Management, Vol.19, No.3/4/5, pp.225-245, 2000.).
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning

10. • Adaptive Policymaking (APM) is a generic approach for
planning under severe uncertainty. It recognizes that, in a
rapidly changing world, fixed static policies are likely to fail.
Over time, however, we learn, thus reducing the uncertainty, in
light of what we have to do. To plan effectively in such a
changing world, therefore, one should plan adaptively, and
allow for this learning. APM can be compared to guiding a ship.
The destination is set at the start of the journey, but the route
(the policy) adapts to the changing circumstances.
10
Alternatives (2)
Source: Adaptive Airport Strategic Planning
J.H. Kwakkel, W.E. Walker and V.A.W.J. Marchau
Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning

11. • Flexible Strategic Planning (FSP) based on DSP, but adding to
this the notion of pro-active planning. An airport should try and
shape the future through its own actions. Key words are:
scenario style robustness, back casting, contingency planning,
monitoring, experimentation, and diversification.
11
Alternatives (3)
Source: Adaptive Airport Strategic Planning
J.H. Kwakkel, W.E. Walker and V.A.W.J. Marchau
Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology
Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning

12. Developing terminal service strategies, terminal capacity
planning
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Task 7-2
Read: Kwakkel J.H., Walker W.E., and Marchau V.A.W.J. 2010. Adaptive
Airport Strategic Planning Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management,
Delft University of Technology EJTIR 10 (3) pp. 249-273
Explain which methodology you would use to plan the development of your
chosen airport terminal