Bahasa Inggris Peminatan Kelas X Kurikulum 2013.

1. Nama : Nesha Mutiara
Kelas : X. MIA 4
Subyek : Bahasa Inggris Peminatan
Tugas : Peristiwa sekitar Proklamasi

2. Preposition
First, We’d like to thank to God Almighty. Without His hands’
help, sure enough we couldn’t finish this assignment on time.
And then, we’d like to thank to people who have supported us in
English.
In this assignment, We’d like to inform you about the events
that happened in August 6th, 9th, 16th, and 17th.
Finally,we hope this assignment could add your knowledge
about the history of the Indonesia’s Independence and events that
happened before it – which is related too.
We’re sorry for the deficit, and we very appreciate if you’d like
to criticize or give some suggestions.

3. Regards,
List
August 6th, 1945..........................................................................................
August 9th, 1945..........................................................................................
August 14th, 1945........................................................................................
August 16th, 1945........................................................................................
August 17th, 1945.........................................................................................
September 19th, 1945 ...................................................................................
October15th, 1945.........................................................................................
December 10th, 1945.....................................................................................
December 19th, 1945.....................................................................................
December 12th – 15th, 1945............................................................................
November 10th, 1945......................................................................................

4. August 6th
, 1945
A city named Hiroshima, which is in Japan, has been bombed by U.S.A. ‘s
military. This tragedy happened during the World War II. This little city was
chosen after 67 other cities in Japan was bombed too. The U.S.A. ‘s military
choseHiroshima to be the 68th because during the World War II, Hiroshima was
seldom got attacks from the U.S.A. ‘s military. However, the status of the city
as the Japan’s headquarter make it as an ideal target. Hiroshima was famous as
the biggest harbour in Japan, too.
A nuclear weapon named “ Little Boy “ was dropped in Hiroshima at 8:00
A.M. ( time in Japan ). That deadly weapon was brought by B – 29 Flying
Superfortress which is named Enola Gay. Enola Gay was driven by Paul W.
Tibbets, at approximately 9.450 meters or 31.000 feet ( height ). The “ Little
Boy “ exploded at 8:15 A.M. when it reached 550 meters height. To drop this
bomb, the plane should fly high and the bombers must have a high adrenaline.
As the result, 14.000 people died because of the radiation effect that caused
leukimia, cataracs, and bleeding. Not just killing the people, but the bomb was
also damages the air. The air became unstable and the radio waves which is
useful for communication was disturbed too. The mushroom shaped cloud flew
high on to the sky and stayed for some hours.

5. Although the pilot and the bombers did their jobs as the nation’s
patriots,they were still feeling guilty for what they have done. The pilot wrote to
his diary, he wrote : “ God, what we have done? “
August 9th
, 1945
A city named Nagasaki, which is in Japan, has been bombed by U.S.A. ‘s
military too. This city is the 69th target. A “ Fat Man “ nuclear bomb was
dropped to Nagasaki at 8:00 A.M. too, and exploded at 8:15 A.M. too.
“ Fat Man “ nuclear bomb was dropped byB – 29 Flying Superfortress
plane too. The bomb cause a giant mushroom shaped cloud too in the sky. It
disturbed the cleanliness of the air and the radio waves. It caused 8.000 people
died with same cause like in Hiroshima.
Actually, Nagasaki was not the main target. Kokura was the potential target
that was chosen with Kyoto and Nigata. Nagasaki was chosen to replace Kyoto.
Kyoto itself was chosen becauseof religion excuse which is supporting the
pattern of Japan’s military.
Meanwhile, the third target, Nigata, was erased from the list because it is
too far from the Philippines headquarter, the place of the planes take off.
Finally, the target changed to be Nagasaki because U.S.A. ‘s military erased
Kokura from their list.

6. Nagasaki is an industrious city, which is it’s shipping is advance. But this
city is not a favourite city to be bombed becausethis city has been bombed for
five times in twelve months. Tragically, Nagasaki was chosenagain after
suffered for five times.
August 14th
, 1945
Japan surrendered unconditionally to the Troops. Thearmy and Marine
Army of Japan was still had the control of Indonesia because Japan has
promissed to return Indonesia to the Troops.Sutan Sjahrir, Wikana, Darwis, and
Chaerul Saleh heard this news via BBC radio. After hearing rumors about Japan
would surrendered, the junior forced the senior to proclaim Indonesia’s
Independence as soonas possible. But the senior didn’t want to get in hurry.
They didn’t want to make many people die again because of the proclamation.
Then, consultation was held in PPKI meeting. The junior didn’t agree with that
meeting, because PPKI is an office which is built by Japan. They wanted to get
freedom by Indonesian people, not by Japan.
Soekarno and Hatta came to head of Japan military ( Gunsei ) to earn
information at his office at Koningsplein ( Medan Merdeka ). But the office was
empty.
Soekarno and Hatta with Achmad Subardjo came to Bukanfu office,
Tadashi Maeda at Imam Bonjol Street Number 1. Maeda welcomed their visit
and congratulated them on their succeed in Dalat, Vietnam. He answered that he
has not received confirmation and was still waiting instructions fromTokyo. AS

7. they came back from Maeda’s, Soekarno and Hatta were hurry to prepare a
meeting of PPKI at 10:00 A.M. on August 16th.
August 16th
, 2015
Rengasdengklok event is a kidnapping event which is done by some youths.
Soekarni, Wikana, and Chaerul Saleh from the Menteng 31 association to
Soekarno and Hatta. This event happened at 03.00 WIB. Soekarno and Hatta
were brought to Rengasdengklok, Karawang, West Java, and then they were
forced to faster the proclamation of Indonesia’s Independence, until there were
agreement between the senior people,which was delegated by Soekarno, Hatta,
and Achmad Subardjo and the junior people – discussed about the date of the
proclamation will be held.
To face that pressure, Soekarno and Hatta didn’t change their principe.
Meanwhile in Jakarta, Chairul and his friends had arranged plans to get back the
freedom. But what they have planned didn’t work properly because not all of
the PETA’s participants supportthat plan. In Rengasdengklok, the proclamation
text was arranged in a Chinese man’s house, Djiaw Kie Siong. The red and
white flag was also has been raised on Thursday, August 16th 1945 to prepare
the proclamation of Indonesia’s Independence.
Because Soekarno and Hatta didn’t get news from Jakarta, so Jusuf Kunto
was sent to Jakarta to discuss with the youths. But as he arrived at Jakarta,
Kunto just met Wikana and Mr. Achmad Subardjo, then Kunto and Mr.

8. Achmad Subardjo went to Rengasdengklok to pick up Soekarno, Hatta,
Fatmawati, and Guntur. Achmad Subardjo invited Soekarno to go to Jakarta to
read the proclamation text at Pegangsaan Timur Street Number 56. Late at night
on August 16th, they arrived at Jakarta.
The proclamation of Indonesia’s Independence were planned to be held on
Friday, August 17th 1945 at Ikada Square or at Soekarno’s residence at
Pegangsaan Timur Street Number 56. The Soekarno’s residence was chosen
because at Ikada Square has been spread the news about the event of the
proclamation, so the Japanese armies have been arrived there and fully armed.
August 17th
, 1945
The discussionbetween the junior people and the senior people in arranging
proclamation text of Indonesia’s Independence was held at 2:00 – 4:00 A.M.
The proclamation text was written at the dining room of Tadashi Maeda’s
house at Imam Bonjol Street Number 1. The arrangers are Soekarno,
Mohammad Hatta, and Achmad Subardjo. The conceptof the proclamation text
was written by Soekarno itself. At the guest room, there are B. M. Diah, Sayuti
Melik, Soekarni, and Soediro. Soekarni gave an idea to Soekarno and Hatta to
sign the proclamation text for the name of Indonesia. The proclamation text
was typed by Sayuti Melik. The typing machine was borrowed from the Marine
Army Headquarter of Germany. In the morning, at Soekarno’s residence, there
were Soewirjo, Wilopo, Gafar Pringgodigdo, Tabrani, and Trimurti. The event
started at 10:00 A.M. with the reading of proclamation text by Soekarno and
continued with raising the red and white flag by Latief Hendraningrat and S.
Suhud. The red and white flag was hand sewn by Fatmawati, Soekarno’s wife.
Then, all of the participants sang the national anthem “ Indonesia Raya “
spontaneously.
After the ceremony finished, less than 100 people which are the members
of Barisan Peloporthat was headed by S. Brata came in rush – becausethey
didn’t know about the change of the place from Ikada Square to Soekarno’s

9. residence. They insisted Soekarno to repeat the reading of proclamation text but
Soekarno refused. Finally, Hatta gave them a short message.
September 19th
, 1945
After the proclamation of Indonesia’s Independence and the release of
Soekarno’s government announcement on August 31th 1945 – that instructed
since September 1st 1945, the Indonesia’s national flag, red and white, raised all
over Indonesia, the movement of the raising of Indonesia’s national flag was
spreading all over Surabaya City.
In some strategic places and the other places, the Indonesia’s national flag
was raised.Some of those places are Gedung Kantor Karasidenan,with the
following of the marching of youths from all over Indonesia who brought
Indonesia’s national flag came to Tambaksari to attend a huge meeting which
was rooted by the Barisan Pemuda Surabaya.
During the meeting, the field was full of people who brought red and white
flag, and they shouted “ Merdeka ! “ The Kempetai has forbidden that meeting,
but still The Kempetai didn’t succeed to edn up the meeting.
At 9:00 P.M. some Dutches came and raised the Nedherland’s national flag –
under command of W. V. Ch. Ploegman, without the agreement of Surabaya’s

10. government. The flag was raised on the top of the Yamato Hotel’s part. That
movement has made Surabaya’s people very mad, becauseit means they
underestimated the Independence of Indonesia.
A few minutes later, the residents of Sudirman and some patriots who was
guided by Sidik and Hariyono, approached some people who surrounded
Yamato Hotel. They asked W. V. Ch. Ploegman to discussed about the raising
of the national flag in a meeting room. Suddenly, W. V.Ch. Ploegman didn’t
want to admit the Indonesia’s Independence – and it made the situation became
not conducife. W. V. Ch. Ploegman became angry and tried to shoot Sudirman,
but suddenly died because of killed by Sidik, and then Sidik was killed to by W.
V. Ch. Ploegman’s guard.
Outside the meeting room, all of the youths knwe about the fight. They
forced to get in to the hotel, with Hariyono and Kusno Wibowo, they climb up
to the top of the part of Yamato Hotel. They tore the blue fabric, so the raising
flag on the top of Yamato Hotel became red and white.

11. October 15th
1945
A day before the fight, a Japanese deniel fled away – then some youths of
the hospital got instruction to check a Japanese car who passed through the
Purasara Hospital. They seized Kempetai’s car and seized their weapon too. In
the evening, the youths became active to find Japanese armies and then put
them in Penjara Bulu. Around 9:00 P.M. , a full armied Japaneses suddenly
attacked and disarmed eight special polices who were supervising water source
for Semarang’s people Reservoir Siranda at Candilama. The eight polices were
tortured and were brought to the Kidobutai’s headquarter at Jatingaleh. In the
same evening, spread out news that Japanese armies have put in some poison
into the reservoir.
As the head of Purasara Hospital, Dr. Kariadi wanted to make sure about the
news. Unfortunately, when he was on the way to the reservoir, he was shot by
Japanese armies at Pandanaran Street. Around 11:30 P.M. he was brought to the
hospital, but unluckily, his life couldn’t be saved.

12. December 10th, 1945
On December 1st, the troops put a board which was written : “ Fixed
Boundaries Medan Area “ in some roadsides of Medan. Nine days later, the
troops and NICA fully attacked Medan. On April 1946, the troops were succeed
occupying Medan. Fortemporary, the headquarter of Medan’s people struggle
was moved to Siantar. On August 1946, the commandants met and decided to
form Komando Resimen Laskar Rakyat to strenghtenthe fight in Medan. After
the meeting, on August 19th in Kabanjahe, has formed Barisan Pemuda
Indonesia ( BPI ) and the named changed into Komando Resimen Laskar
Rakyat in Tanah Karo branch, headed by Matang Sitepu.
To continue against the troops, Komando Resimen Laskar Rakyat keep
attacking in Medan. The fight happened in almost all over Sumatra, such as :
Berastagi, Padang, Bukittinggi, and Aceh.

13. December 19th
, 1945
Since December 13th 1945, the British Troops have damaged Bekasi, West
Java. More than 3.000 houses were burnt by British Troops. This incident has
got criticism from all over the world.
This incident happened becausethe British Troops wanted to revenge about
the falling Dakota plane in Cakung, East Jakarta. That plane brought 25
personels who were catched by Indonesia’s armies. Due to that situation, the
British Troops exported announcement to not kill the deniels. If this
announcement is not responsed, so Bekasi will be finished out.
But for unknown reason, the deniels were killed, and quickly the British
Troops attacked Bekasi when they know about this. They enter Bekasi through

14. PondokGede, East Jakarta, by huge tanks. Many people dead as the result of
the attack.
March 23rd
, 1946
On October12th 1945, British armies headed by MacDonald arrived in
Bandung. He insisted the people except police and TKR to give their weapons
to the British Troops. At night of November 21st 1945, TKR and patriots
attacked British Troops in north Bandung. Three days later, MacDonald gave
announcement to Bandung’s governer to empty north Bandung and give all of
the weapons they have.
But for some reason, the governer and the people didn’t want to give their
town to the British Troops, northe weapons. In the same day, they prepared to
run away to the mountain side. They needed to pack up quickly in eight hours
before they burn the city. Finally, when the British Troops arrived, they just got
burning debris and empty residents.

15. December 12th
– 15th
, 1945
On October20th 1945, Troops headed by Bethel arrived at Ambarawa, south
from Semarang, Central Java. They came to take care of the Japanese deniels
and internees. At the first, the Central Java’s governer accepted the Troops and
promised will provide food as long as the Troops wouldn’t disturb the
Indonesia’s Independence.
Unfortunately, when NICA arrived in Ambarawa and Magelang to let free
the internees and deniels, they forbade the promise. It made Indonesian people
got mad, and formed a huge battle in Magelang. Luckily, Soekarno was succeed
to calmdown the situation. Quietly, NICA and the troops fled away to
Ambarawa. Because of this, Residu Kedu Tengah decided to chase them, and
made the troops and NICA couldn’t run away and stucked in Jambu Village.

16. On November 23rd, the shooting incident between Indonesia’s armies and
NICA was happening after the sun raised. This incident happened in Margo
Agung Street. On December 12th, Soedirman headed the fight against NICA.
One and half hour later, the street which connects Ambarawa and Semarang
was fully controlled by Indonesia’s armies. After four days fighting, Indonesia
finally succeed got back Ambarawa and kicked off NICA.
November 10th
, 1946
In the end of August, the British government sent Lord Killearn toindonesia
to finish the negoitation between Indonesia and Nedherland. On October14th,
the negotiation produced an armistice.In this negotiation, Indonesia was
represented by Sutan Sjahrir, Nedherland was represented by general
committee, and Lord Killearn as the mediator. The negotiation was held in
Linggarjati, near Kuningan, West Java – so this negotiation is named
Linggarjati Negotiation.
This negotiation produced 17 sections, there are :
1. Nedherland admits de facto for Republic of Indonesia’s area, there are :
Java, Sumatra, and Madura.
2. Nedherland has to leave Republic of Indonesia before the first of January
1949.

17. 3. Nedherland and Indonesia make a deal to form Republic of Indonesia
United ( RIS ).
4. In RIS form, Indonesia has to join to Commonwealth Indonesia –
Nedherland with the queen of Nedherland as the head.