Active listening is a structured form of listening where the focus is on the speaker. It involves hearing the content, observing body language, listening for feelings, being self-aware, reflecting, questioning, and summarizing before responding. Active listening improves mutual understanding compared to our natural tendency to rush into responding, which can cause misunderstandings especially during conflicts. It also helps gain trust, foster better problem solving, and diffuse conflicts by giving the other person's opinions a fair chance rather than trying to prove them wrong.