This document discusses effective communication skills. It identifies three basic skills needed: speaking, listening, and body language. It describes passive, aggressive, and assertive communication styles. Key aspects of speaking skills are using "I" messages and stating feelings effectively. Active listening techniques include reflective listening, clarifying, and empathizing. Nonverbal communication and obstacles like unrealistic expectations and prejudice are also covered. The document provides tips for constructive criticism and expressing yourself respectfully.

2. • Akangbe
Jamiu E.
• Fellow DAS7.
• Ambassador, TIE Nigeria.
Trainer, Founder, Coach,
Advocates and Data
Enthusiast

3. People use many different ways to communicate their feelings.
Writing a note Facial expressions
Communication is critical to healthy relationships.

4. • Compare the forms of communication, including passive,
aggressive, or assertive communication
• Develop the communication skills you need to build healthy
relationships with family, friends, peers, and others
• Demonstrate communication skills that show respect for
self, family, friends, and others
In this lesson, you will learn to:

5. Being an effective communicator means that you correctly
interpret the messages you receive and respond appropriately.
Basic Communication Skills
Three basic skills are needed for
effective communication:
1. Speaking
2. Listening
3. Body language

6. Communication Styles
• Passive communicators do not stand up for themselves or
defend their attitudes or beliefs.
• Aggressive communicators often try to get their way through
bullying and intimidation.
• Assertive communicators defend their attitudes and beliefs,
but they also respect the rights of others.
Effective Communication

7. Speaking Skills
• You demonstrate good speaking
skills when you clearly say what
you mean.
• Changes in the tone, pitch, or
loudness of your voice can affect
communication.
• Using “I” messages can help you
communicate your feelings
positively, without blame or
name-calling.
Effective Communication

8. Stating Your Feelings Effectively
Effective Communication

9. Listening Skills
• You can make use of
active listening to improve
your communication skills.
• Active listening involves
giving your full attention
to whatever the speaker is
saying without
interrupting or making
judgments.
Effective Communication

10. Tips for Active Listening
Make direct eye
contact.
Use body language
and signals, which
show you are listening.
Don’t interrupt the
speaker.
Put away prejudices,
images, or
assumptions.
Effective Communication

11. Techniques for Active Listening
• Reflective listening: Rephrase or summarize what the
other person has said.
• Clarifying: Ask questions to help understand more fully
what is being said.
• Encouraging: Encourage the speaker to signal that you
are interested and involved.
• Empathizing: Imagine and understand how someone else
feels.
Effective Communication

12. Nonverbal Communication
• You use body language when you nod or shake your head to
show that you agree or disagree with something that is said.
• When you hold yourself in a tense posture, you silently
communicate that you’re feeling nervous or worried.
• Nonverbal communication can be subtle, taking place at an
unconscious level.
• If your words and your body language seem to contradict
each other, the person you are speaking to may be confused
or unsure of what to believe.
Effective Communication

13. Obstacles to Clear Communication
• Image and identity issues
• Unrealistic expectations
• Lack of trust
• Prejudice
• Gender stereotyping

14. Image and Identity Issues
• Many teens spend at least part of their teen years searching
for an identity.
• If someone is unsure of his or her values, the uncertainty
can complicate the communication process.
Eliminating Communication Barriers

15. Unrealistic Expectations
• Avoid imposing unrealistic
expectations on your listener.
• This may cause the individual
to become frustrated or
defensive.
Eliminating Communication Barriers

16. Lack of Trust
• Good communication is built on
trust between two people.
• If you believe that you can’t
count on a person to tell you
the truth or to keep a
confidence, communication is
very difficult.
Eliminating Communication Barriers

17. Prejudice
• Prejudice prevents a person from having an open mind and
listening to new information.
• To avoid developing prejudices, you can demonstrate
tolerance.
• Being tolerant helps you understand the differences among
people and recognize the value of diversity.
Eliminating Communication Barriers

18. • Gender stereotyping is a type of prejudice that involves
having an exaggerated or oversimplified belief about people
of a certain gender.
• Assuming that all males like sports and that all females
enjoy cooking are examples of gender stereotyping.
Gender Stereotyping
Eliminating Communication Barriers

19. Constructive Criticism
• Constructive criticism is intended to bring about positive
changes.
• You may find that giving the person feedback in a more
positive manner helps him or her and your relationship.
• It is very important to begin your discussion by using an “I”
message to explain how you feel.
• Point out what the person is doing or has done, and suggest
a better way to do it.
Constructive Feedback

20. Expressing Yourself
• Expressing and receiving
respect, admiration, and
appreciation with grace and
sincerity can help you build
and maintain healthy
relationships.
• It shows that you do not take
the relationship for granted, and
it demonstrates good
sportsmanship and good
character.