KYAMBOGO UNIVERSITY

1. KYAMBOGO UNIVERSITY
Tel: 0414-285037 Fax: 9414-220464
E-mail: arkyu@kyu.ac.ug; www.kyu.ac.ug
P.O BOX 1, KYAMBOGO-KAMPALA, UGANDA
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE
YEAR FOUR; SEMESTER ONE
ARC 316: PORTFOLIO
LITERATURE REVIEW
LIVABLE CITIES
MUHANGUZI YONASANI 19/U/ARD/17454/PD
LECTURER: YR 4 SUPERVISORS
APRIL 2023

2. AfDB defines a sustainable city as one that offers a good quality of life to its citizens,
minimizes its impact on the environment, preserves its environmental and physical
assets for future generations, and promotes sustainable competitiveness.
challenges that cities around the world face, such as rapid urbanization, inequality, and
climate change.
importance of taking a comprehensive approach to creating livable cities, which involves
addressing a range of issues such as transportation, housing, and social services. It also
emphasizes the need for collaboration between different stakeholders, including
government, the private sector, and civil society.
Throughout the chapter, the authors provide examples of successful initiatives from
around the world that demonstrate the potential for creating livable cities. For example,
they highlight the "Vancouverism" approach in Canada, which promotes density, mixed-
use development, and public transportation to create a more livable urban environment.
They also discuss the "BRT+" program in Bogotá, Colombia, which has transformed the
city's transportation system and reduced traffic congestion.
INTRODUCTION:
"Creating Livable Cities: Regional Perspectives" explores the challenges and
opportunities of creating livable cities in various regions of the world. The book argues
that creating livable cities requires a holistic approach that takes into account social,
economic, and environmental dimensions of urban life.

3. Challenges of Creating Livable Cities
 Rapid urbanization: The authors highlight the challenges posed by rapid
urbanization, such as increased pressure on infrastructure and services.
 Poverty and inequality: Poverty and inequality are identified as major
challenges to creating livable cities, as they can lead to social exclusion
and a lack of access to basic services.
 Environmental degradation: The authors discuss the impact of
environmental degradation on livability, including air and water
pollution, and climate change.
 Comprehensive approach to urban planning and development: The
authors argue that a comprehensive approach to urban planning and
development is needed to address these challenges and promote
livability.

4. Chapter 2 Africa,
The chapter covers four main themes: urbanization and sustainability, mobility and
transportation, social inclusion and affordable housing, and culture and heritage.
• social inclusion and affordable housing, the authors discuss the challenges posed by
informal settlements and housing deficits, and provide examples of successful
initiatives such as the "Rooftops Canada" project in South Africa, which aims to
provide affordable housing for low-income families.
• preserving cultural heritage and promoting tourism in the region, and highlight the
success of initiatives such as the restoration of the historic city of Lamu in Kenya, and
the development of cultural tourism in Marrakech, Morocco.

5. Masdar City" project in Abu Dhabi
• mobility and transportation, the
chapter explores the challenges of
inadequate public transportation
and the dominance of the
automobile, and highlights the
success of initiatives such as the
Bus Rapid Transit system in Lagos,
Nigeria, which has improved
mobility and reduced congestion.
• urbanization and sustainability,
the authors note the challenges
posed by rapid urbanization and
the need for more sustainable
urban development practices.
They highlight the success of
initiatives such as the "Masdar
City" project in Abu Dhabi, which
aims to create a sustainable, zero-
carbon city in the desert.

6. • Poverty and inequality: The authors discuss the challenges of poverty and inequality
in creating livable cities in Africa. For example, the authors highlight the importance
of addressing informal settlements and improving access to basic services, such as
sanitation and healthcare.
• Sustainable urban planning and design: The chapter examines the importance of
sustainable urban planning and design in creating livable cities in Africa. The
authors provide examples of successful initiatives, such as the "open streets"
initiative in Cape Town, South Africa, which temporarily closes streets to cars and
creates safe, social spaces for residents.
• Transportation and mobility: The authors discuss the challenges of transportation
and mobility in creating livable cities in Africa. For example, the authors highlight
the success of Lagos, Nigeria's Bus Rapid Transit system, which has reduced traffic
congestion and improved access to public transit.
• Civic engagement and community-based initiatives: The chapter explores the
importance of civic engagement and community-based initiatives in creating livable
cities in Africa. The authors provide examples of successful initiatives, such as the
"Harare Hubs" project in Harare, Zimbabwe, which creates community-led spaces
for social and economic development.
Livable Cities in Africa

7. Africa
• Poverty and conflict: The authors discuss the challenges of poverty and conflict in
Africa and their impact on livability.
• Environmental degradation: The chapter examines the impact of environmental
degradation on livability in Africa and the role of sustainable development policies
in addressing it.
• Community-based initiatives and government policies: The authors highlight the
importance of community-based initiatives and government policies in promoting
livability and social inclusion in African cities.
• Sustainable transportation and mobility: The chapter explores the role of
sustainable transportation and mobility in promoting livability and reducing
congestion and pollution in African cities.

8. ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
Chapter 3 discusses the challenges and opportunities for creating livable cities in Asia
and the Pacific.
The chapter covers four main themes: urbanization and sustainability, mobility and
transportation, social inclusion and affordable housing, and culture and heritage.
Regarding urbanization and sustainability, the authors note the challenges posed by
rapid urbanization, climate change, and the need for more sustainable urban
development practices. examples ;Eco-City program in China and the Green Growth
program in South Korea, which aim to promote sustainable urban development.
In terms of mobility and transportation, the chapter explores the challenges of traffic
congestion and inadequate public transportation, and highlights the success of
initiatives such as the Bus Rapid Transit system in Jakarta, Indonesia, and the MRT
system in Taipei, Taiwan, in improving mobility and reducing pollution.
With regards to social inclusion and affordable housing, the authors discuss the
challenges posed by informal settlements and housing deficits, and provide examples of
successful initiatives such as the People's Housing Program in Indonesia, which aims to
provide affordable housing for low-income families.
Lastly, the authors examine the challenges of preserving cultural heritage and
promoting tourism in the region, and highlight the success of initiatives such as the
restoration of the historic city of Luang Prabang in Laos and the development of cultural
tourism in Bali, Indonesia.
Overall, the chapter emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to creating
livable cities in the region, and provides examples of successful initiatives from different
countries to illustrate this point.

9. Livable Cities in Asia
• Rapid urbanization: The authors discuss the challenges posed by rapid urbanization in
creating livable cities in Asia. For example, the authors highlight the impact of population
growth and migration on cities such as Mumbai, India.
• Sustainable urban planning and design: The chapter examines the importance of
sustainable urban planning and design in creating livable cities in Asia. The authors
provide examples of successful initiatives, such as the eco-city of Tianjin, China, which
aims to be a model for sustainable urban development.
• Transportation and mobility: The authors discuss the challenges of transportation and
mobility in creating livable cities in Asia. For example, the authors highlight the success
of Tokyo's transportation system, which prioritizes public transit and walking over
driving.
• Housing policies and affordability: The authors examine the challenges of housing
affordability in creating livable cities in Asia. The authors provide examples of successful
initiatives, such as Singapore's public housing policies, which aim to provide affordable
housing for all residents.

10. Chapter 4 of "Creating Livable Cities: Regional Perspectives" discusses the challenges and
opportunities for creating livable cities in Emerging Europe, Central Asia, and the Southern and Eastern
Mediterranean region. The chapter covers four main themes: urbanization and sustainability, mobility and
transportation, social inclusion and affordable housing, and culture and heritage.
Regarding urbanization and sustainability, the authors note the challenges posed by rapid population growth,
inadequate infrastructure, and lack of public participation in decision-making. The Sustainable Cities
Program in Kazakhstan and the EBRD Green Cities program are cited as examples of successful initiatives
aimed at promoting sustainable urban development.
In terms of mobility and transportation, the chapter explores the challenges of traffic congestion and
inadequate public transportation
on, and highlights the success of the Bus Rapid Transit system in Istanbul, Turkey, and the Metro system in
Tbilisi, Georgia, in improving mobility and reducing pollution.
With regards to social inclusion and affordable housing, the authors discuss the challenges posed by unequal
access to housing and lack of affordable housing for vulnerable groups. They provide examples of successful
initiatives such as the social housing policies in Serbia, which aim to provide affordable and decent housing
for vulnerable groups, and the Gori Home project in Georgia, which provided affordable housing for
internally displaced persons.
Lastly, the authors examine the challenges of preserving cultural heritage and promoting tourism in the
region, and highlight the success of initiatives such as the Historic Cities Program in Tunisia and the Aghdam
Restoration and Rehabilitation project in Azerbaijan.
Overall, the chapter emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to creating livable cities in the
region, and provides examples of successful initiatives from different countries to illustrate this point.

11. Livable Cities in Europe
 Urban planning and design: The authors discuss the importance of sustainable urban
planning and design in creating livable cities in Europe. For example, the authors
highlight the success of Copenhagen's pedestrian and cycling infrastructure, which has
reduced traffic congestion and air pollution.
 Transportation and mobility: The chapter examines the role of transportation and
mobility in promoting livability and reducing congestion and pollution. The authors
provide examples of successful initiatives, such as London's congestion charge, which
has reduced traffic congestion and improved air quality.
 Housing policies and affordability: The authors highlight the challenges of housing
affordability and the role of government policies in addressing them. For example, the
authors discuss the success of Vienna's social housing policies, which aim to provide
affordable housing for all residents.
 Social and cultural amenities: The chapter explores the importance of social and
cultural amenities in creating livable cities in Europe. The authors provide examples of
successful initiatives, such as Amsterdam's "woonerf" streets, which prioritize
pedestrians and cyclists over cars and create vibrant, social spaces.

12. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 5 of "Creating Livable Cities: Regional Perspectives" focuses on the challenges
and opportunities for creating livable cities in Latin America and the Caribbean. The
chapter covers four main themes: urbanization and sustainability, mobility and
transportation, social inclusion and affordable housing, and culture and heritage.
In terms of urbanization and sustainability, the authors note the challenges posed by
rapid urbanization and the need for more sustainable urban development practices.
They highlight the success of initiatives such as the "Plan Verde" (Green Plan) in Mexico
City, which promotes sustainable urban development, and the "Bogotá Humana"
(Human Bogotá) plan in Colombia, which aims to create a more equitable and
sustainable city.
With regards to mobility and transportation, the chapter explores the challenges of
traffic congestion and inadequate public transportation, and highlights the success of
initiatives such as the "MetroBus" system in Mexico City, which has improved mobility
and reduced air pollution.
Regarding social inclusion and affordable housing, the authors discuss the challenges
posed by informal settlements and housing deficits, and provide examples of successful
initiatives such as the "Mi Casa, Mi Vida" (My House, My Life) program in Brazil, which
aims to provide affordable housing for low-income families.
Lastly, the authors examine the challenges of preserving cultural heritage and
promoting tourism in the region, and highlight the success of initiatives such as the
restoration of the historic center of Quito, Ecuador, and the development of cultural
tourism in Oaxaca, Mexico.
Overall, the chapter emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to

13. Livable Cities in Latin America
 Poverty and inequality: The authors discuss the challenges
 Sustainable urban planning and design: The chapter examines the importance
of sustainable urban planning and design in creating livable cities in Latin
America. The authors provide examples of successful initiatives, such as the
ecological corridor in Quito, Ecuador, which aims to preserve the city's
biodiversity and provide green space for residents.
 Transportation and mobility: The authors discuss the challenges of
transportation and mobility in creating livable cities in Latin America. For
example, the authors highlight the success of Bogotá's TransMilenio bus rapid
transit system, which has reduced traffic congestion and improved air quality.
 Civic engagement and community-based initiatives: The chapter explores the
importance of civic engagement and community-based initiatives in creating
livable cities in Latin America. The authors provide examples of successful
initiatives, such as the participatory budgeting process in Porto Alegre, Brazil,
which allows residents to vote on how public funds are allocated.

14. Livable Cities in North America
 Urban design and transportation: The authors discuss the importance of sustainable
urban design and transportation policies in creating livable cities in North America. For
example, the authors highlight the success of Vancouver's transportation policies, which
prioritize walking, cycling, and public transit over driving.
 Housing and affordability: The chapter examines the challenges of housing affordability
and the role of government policies and community-based initiatives in addressing
them. The authors provide examples of successful initiatives, such as community land
trusts in Minneapolis and San Francisco, which aim to make housing more affordable
and accessible.
 Government policies and civic engagement: The authors highlight the importance of
government policies and civic engagement in promoting livability and social inclusion.
For example, the authors discuss the role of community input in shaping Seattle's
comprehensive plan, which guides the city's growth and development.
 Community-based initiatives: The chapter explores the role of community-based
initiatives in creating livable cities in North America. The authors provide examples of
successful initiatives, such as Detroit's urban agriculture movement, which has
transformed vacant lots into productive community gardens.

15. Conclusion:
Creating Livable Cities Across Regions
 The authors argue that creating livable cities requires a
comprehensive approach that addresses social, economic, and
environmental factors. They highlight the importance of
sustainable urban planning and design, transportation and
mobility, housing policies and affordability, and civic
engagement and community-based initiatives.
 The authors provide examples from different regions of the
world to illustrate successful initiatives and challenges faced in
creating livable cities.
 The authors emphasize the importance of learning from and
adapting successful initiatives across regions, and the need for
ongoing collaboration and dialogue