5. • Primary Survey
A: can speak,c-spine not tender
B: equal breath sound,CCT negative
C: v/s stable,no active bleed
D: E4V5M6,pupil 3 mm RTLBE
E: tender at rt wrist,limit ROM due to pain
6. • Secondary survey
Allergy: no food/drug allergy
Medication: no current medication
Past history: no previous medical/surgical history
Last meal: last meal 11 hr PTA
Event: as in PI
7. • Physical Examination
GA: A Thai male,good conscious,well co-operative
v/s: BT 36C,PR 102/min,BP 117/57mmHg,RR 20/min
HEENT: not pale conjunctivae,anicteric sclerae
Skin: no wound
Heart: normal S1S2,no murmur
Lung: clear both lung,equal breath sound
Abdomen: soft,not tender,normoactive bowel sound
Extremities: no wound,deformities at rt wrist,mild tender,limit ROM due
to pain,neurovascular intact
11. Distal radius fractures
• Most common orthopaedic injury with a bimodal distribution
◦ younger patients - high energy
◦ older patients - low energy / falls
• 50% intra-articular
Osteoporosis
◦ high incidence of distal radius fractures in women >50
◦ distal radius fractures are a predictor of subsequent fractures
▪ DEXA scan is recommended in woman with a distal radius fracture
12. Classification
• Fernandez: based on mechanism of injury
• Frykman: based on joint involvement (radiocarpal and/or
radioulnar) +/- ulnar styloid fx
• Melone: divides intra-articular fxs into 4 types based on
displacement
• AO: comprehensive but cumbersome
13.
14. Common distal end radius fracture
Colles' fracture
• Very common extra-articular fractures of
the distal radius
• Most frequently seen in elderly women
• Fall in to wrist dorsiflexion
• Dinner fork deformity
• Transverse fracture at distal radial
metaphysis
• Dorsal displacement of the distal fragment
15. Common distal end radius fracture
Smith's fracture(reverse Colles)
• Fall in to wrist palmarflexion
• Volar displacement of the distal
fragment
16. Common distal end radius fracture
Barton's fracture
• Intra-articular fracture
• Shearing force
• Volar type/Dorsal type
• Usually associated
subluxation/dislocation of the
carpal bone
17. Common distal end radius fracture
Die-punch fracture
• A depression fracture of the
lunate fossa of the distal radius
• High energy compression force
20. Treatment
• Successful outcomes correlate with
◦ accuracy of articular reduction
◦ restoration of anatomic relationships
◦ early efforts to regain motion of wrist and fingers
• Nonoperative
◦ closed reduction and cast immobilization
▪ indications
▪ extra-articular
▪ <5mm radial shortening
▪ dorsal angulation <5° or within 20° of
contralateral distal radius
21. Treatment
• Operative
◦ surgical fixation (CRPP, External Fixation, ORIF)
▪ indications: radiographic findings indicating instability (pre-
reduction radiographs best predictor of stability)
▪ displaced intra-articular fx
▪ volar or dorsal comminution
▪ articular margins fxs
▪ severe osteoporosis
▪ dorsal angulation >5° or >20° of contralateral distal radius
▪ >5mm radial shortening
▪ comminuted and displaced extra-articular fxs (Smith's fx)
▪ progressive loss of volar tilt and loss of radial length
following closed reduction and casting
▪ associated ulnar styloid fractures do not require fixation
22. Close reduction
• What should concern in close reduction?
1. Dorsal and radial displacement
2. Shortening of radius
3. Loss of normal 10 volar tilt in lateral view
26. • Plan of treatment
Hematoma block then close reduction and short
arm AP slab
Pain control : paracetamol 1 tab oral prn q 4-6hr
D/C + F/U 1 wk with film Wrist AP,Lat