2. SOFTWARE
• Software is a generic term for an organized collection of
computer data and instructions.
• It is responsible for controlling, integrating and managing the
hardware component of a computer system and for
accomplishing specific tasks.
3. RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
SOFTWARE & HARDWARE
Software refers to the computer programs that are loaded into a computer system, and hardware
refers to all the visible devices, which are assembled together to build a computer system.
• The blending of software and hardware gives life to a computer system.
• Hardware is the physical part of a computer, it is nothing unless it has software to control it.
Imagine A car without driver, here car is hardware and car driver is software. It example refer the
relation of software and hardware
4. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF
SOFTWARE
• Lady Augusta Ada Byron is considered as first programmer.
• Ada was fascinated by Babbage's ideas.
• Babbage invented difference engine, which was meant to perform calculations.
• Babbage also designed another machine known as analytical engine to perform more
complex calculation.
• Ada described how codes could be created for device to handle letters and symbols along
with numbers.
• Ada also theorized a method for the device to repeat the series of instruction a process
known as looping that computer programs use today.
5. Types of Software
System Software Application Software
System Management Software
System Development Program
6. • Function of System Software
1. Allocating system resources
2. Monitoring System Activities
3. File and Disk Management
System Software
System software includes operating systems such as devise drivers,
severs, windowing systems, and utilities. System software runs the
hardware and computer system.
Examples of System Software
File Explorer Disk Manager Disk cleaner
Registry Editor Windows Defender Task
Manager Resource Monitor Device manager
Internet Explorer
7. • Function of Application Software
1. Managing information
2. Manipulating Data
3. Constructing Visual
4. Coordinate Resources
Application Software
Application software is a type of computer program that performs a specific
personal, educational, and business function. function. Application software
is the most often used software by a general user.
Examples of Application Software
1. Microsoft suite of products (Office, Excel, Word, PowerPoint, Outlook, etc.)
2. Internet browsers like Firefox, Safari, and Chrome
3. Mobile pieces of software such as Pandora (for music appreciation), Skype (for realtime
online communication), and Slack (for team collaboration)
8. System Development Programs
System development programs consist of
system software, which are associated with the
development of computer programs. These
program development tools allow programmers
to write and construct programs that the system
can execute.
System Development
Program
1. Programmingm Language
2. Language Translator
3. Linker
4. Loader
9. Programming language
A programming language is a primary interface of a programmer with a computer to
behave in a predetermined manner. A programming language includes a series of
executed of commands, which are used in software development.
Types of Programming language
1. Machine language
2. 2. Assembly language
3. 3. High-level language.
10. Generation of Programming Language
Programming language is developing day by day. Because programmer need to
more reliable upgraded language to develop the program for more upgraded
applications program. We can divided the developed session into five generation
describing in below.
First Generation: Machine Language
Second Generation: Assembly Language
Third Generation: Cobol, Basic, C language translator basis language.
Fourth Generation: SQL, QBE
11. Linker
Linker is a typical software generally comprises hundreds, thousands
or even millions of lines of programming statements or codes. The
code is divided into logical groups and stored in different
independent modules so that the debugging and maintenance of the
code becomes easier.
Loader
Loader is a kind of system software, which is responsible for
loading and relocation of the executable program in the main
memory. The functions of a loader include assigning load
time space for storage, that is, storage allocation and
assisting a program to execute appropriately.