Introduction to AI

1. What is AI?
1

2. Artificial Intelligence
“The science and engineering of
making intelligent machines.“
John McCarthy

3. Approaches To A.I
Thinking Humanly Thinking Rationally
Acting Humanly Acting Rationally
Human like
performance
Ideal
performance
Thought/Reasoning
Behaviour

4. 1. Acting Humanly:
The Turing test approach
 The Turing Test,
proposed by Alan
Turing (1950), was
designed to provide a
satisfactory operational
definition of
intelligence.
Interrogator
Human
Machine

5. Natural
Language
Processing
Knowledge
Representation
Automated
Reasoning
Machine
Learning
Computer
Vision
Robotics
Characteristics

6. 2. Thinking Humanly:
The Cognitive modelling approach
 The interdisciplinary field of
cognitive science brings together
computer models from AI and
experimental techniques from
psychology to construct precise
and testable theories of the
human mind.
Introspection
Brain imaging
Psychological
Experiment

7. 3.Thinking Rationally:
The “laws of thought” approach
The Greek philosopher Aristotle was one of the first to attempt to codify
“right thinking,” that SYLLOGISM is, reasoning processes. His syllogisms
provided patterns for argument structures that always yielded correct
conclusions when given correct premises.
for example, “Socrates is a man; all men are mortal; therefore, Socrates is
mortal.” These laws of thought were LOGIC supposed to govern the
operation of the mind; their study initiated the field called logic.

8. 4.Acting Rationally:
The rational agent approach
 An agent is just something that acts.
 Computer agents operate autonomously, perceive their
environment, persist over a prolonged time period, adapt to change,
and create and pursue goals. A rational agent is one that acts to
achieve the best outcome or, when there is uncertainty, the best
expected outcome.

9. Thanks For
Watching
Reference:
Artificial Intelligence
A Modern Approach Third Edition
Peter Norvig and Stuart J. Russell
Next Topic:
Foundations Of AI.
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