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Chapter 1 Introduction to Geology GEOLOGY 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
OBJECTIVES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],OUTLINE 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Definition :  what is  geology ? Geology :  the science that pursues an understanding of our planet “ The Earth ”. ,[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Components of  Geology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Physical  Geology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
The fossils  evolution  is a clock of relative time, it is called the  Principle of faunal succession . Fossils allows geologists  to identify rocks  of same age in different places. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],YOUNGEST OLDEST 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
The Geologic Time Scale 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
How old is the Earth? ,[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
3 . Natural Resources 2 . External Geologic Processes 2 . Internal Geologic Processes 1 . Earth’s Materials Aspects of Physical Geology DEFINE  GEOLOGY Mineral & energy resources, economic / environmental  issues Water, minerals, oil and gas Effect of water, rivers, wind, and ice on landscapes Earthquakes, magnetism, heat flow, plate tectonics NOTICE 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Origin of the Solar System Nebular Hypothesis Giant Cloud Rotating Disk Star-like Bodies Planets 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Nebular hypothesis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
( ) Cooling of the nebula causes condensation of dust into solid particles.  (  ) Accretion of planets.  (  ) Contraction of the nebula into a rotating disk.  (  ) The early solar system is a dust and gas cloud (nebula).  Label the sequence of events describing the nebular origin of the solar system ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
The face of Earth ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
EARTH'S  MOUNTAIN This map shows the general distribution of Earth's rocks:  ( 1 )  shields , ( 2 )  stable platforms , and ( 3 ) mountain belts.  1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Earth’s layered structure 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Earth’s internal structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Oceanic  0 - 6 km  (young, < 180 m.y.) Continental  0 -34 km (older, up to 3.8 b.y.) Upper  34 - 670 km Lower  670 - 2900 km Outer  (liquid) 2900 - 5160 km Inner  (solid) 5160 - 6370 km ,[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Earth’s internal structure 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36 Mantle
(  )  oceanic crust (  )  mantle   (  )  lithosphere (  )  inner core  (  )  mesosphere  (  )  continental crust  (  )  asthenosphere  (  )  outer core  (H)  oceanic crust (G)  mantle   (E)  lithosphere (A)  inner core  (C)  mesosphere  (F)  continental crust  (D)  asthenosphere  (B)  outer core  Label the diagram with the appropriate terms 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Earth Subsystems 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Biosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere Atmosphere Earth's Physical Environments 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Earth as a System 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Hydrosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Water portion of Earth 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Atmosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],Blanket of air surrounding Earth 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Biosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],All life on Earth 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Solid Earth   “ Lithosphere ” 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
Geology and Man ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Briefly outline the importance of  Geology in the modern society. 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36
GEOLOGY FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS 1-8-2011 KSGI  Dept of civil engg  10CV36

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Class 1

  • 1. Chapter 1 Introduction to Geology GEOLOGY 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
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  • 10. The Geologic Time Scale 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
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  • 12. 3 . Natural Resources 2 . External Geologic Processes 2 . Internal Geologic Processes 1 . Earth’s Materials Aspects of Physical Geology DEFINE GEOLOGY Mineral & energy resources, economic / environmental issues Water, minerals, oil and gas Effect of water, rivers, wind, and ice on landscapes Earthquakes, magnetism, heat flow, plate tectonics NOTICE 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
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  • 15. Origin of the Solar System Nebular Hypothesis Giant Cloud Rotating Disk Star-like Bodies Planets 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
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  • 20. EARTH'S MOUNTAIN This map shows the general distribution of Earth's rocks: ( 1 ) shields , ( 2 ) stable platforms , and ( 3 ) mountain belts. 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
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  • 22. Earth’s layered structure 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
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  • 25. ( ) oceanic crust ( ) mantle ( ) lithosphere ( ) inner core ( ) mesosphere ( ) continental crust ( ) asthenosphere ( ) outer core (H) oceanic crust (G) mantle (E) lithosphere (A) inner core (C) mesosphere (F) continental crust (D) asthenosphere (B) outer core Label the diagram with the appropriate terms 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
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  • 28. Biosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere Atmosphere Earth's Physical Environments 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
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  • 33. Solid Earth “ Lithosphere ” 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
  • 34. 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36
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  • 36. GEOLOGY FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS 1-8-2011 KSGI Dept of civil engg 10CV36