The document provides information on Spanish grammar including:
1) Conjugations of the imperfect, preterit, and future verb tenses.
2) Stem-changing and irregular verbs.
3) Uses of the modal, progressive, conditional, and formal command verb forms.
4) Formations of adverbs, superlatives, and prepositions.
5. MODAL
• Used in verbs poder and deber, used with another main verb to
indicate degree of possibility or necessity
• -querer (to want to)
• -deber (shall)
• -tener que (to have to)
• -poder (to be able to)
6. ADVERB
• Most are formed by converting an adjective to its feminine singular form and adding -
mente to it. Irregulars include:
• -bastante
• -demasiado
• -mal
• -mucho
• -muy
• -nunca
• -peor
• -poco
• -siempre
7. PROGRESSIVE
• Present • Past
• -Normal estar • Using estar in imperfect
conjugated with an tense or preterit tense
additional -ing verb. for past actions
• - Estar with an -aba
ending or estuv-x form
for past
9. SUPERLATIVES
• -Either the most of something or the least of something
• -El mas - the most
• -El menos - the least
• La chica mas bonito
• El arbol menos alto.
10. FORMAL COMMANDS
• First, put the verb in first person. Then,
change the ending to its opposite vowel.
• Ponga, Compre
11. CONDITIONAL
• -Used in case of • ía
probability or possibility • ías
and means "would,
could, must have, or • ía
probably". • íamos
• -Regular -ar, -er, and -ir • íais
endings are as follows:
• ían
12. • a - at, to
• ante - before
• bajo - under, below
PREPOSITIONS • con - with
• contra - against
• Prepositions are • de - of, about
• desde - since, from
used to create • durante - during, for
relationships • en - in, on, into, by
between different •
•
entre - between, among, amongst
excepto - with the exception of
words. • hacia - towards, about, around
• hasta - as far as, up to, until, till
• mediante - by means of
• para - for, to, towards
• salvo - except (for)
• segun - according to, depending on
• sin - without
• sobre - on top of
• tras - behind, after
13. DEMONSTRATIVES
• Used to describe the • esa/ese
proximity of an • esta/este
object. • aquel/aquella
• This
• That
• that over there