1. Grammar Book
Celestino Orr

2. Table of Contents
• Imperfect
• Preterite
• Modal
• Adverbios
• Progressive
• Futuro
• Conditional
• Superlative
• Formal Commands
• Prepositions
• demonstrative

3. Preterit
• ar: er:
– ei
– asteiste
–O io
– Amos imos
– Aronieron

4. Car Gar Zar
• Car + yo = que
• Gar + yo = gue
• Zar + yo = ce
• If not in yo form, normal preterit conjugation

5. Spock
• Ir/ser = fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fueron
• Dar/ver = i, iste, e, imos, ieron
• Hacer = hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicieron

6. Cucaracha verbs
• Andar – anduv
• Estar – estuv
Yo – e
• Poder – pus Tu – iste
• Querer – quis El – o
Nosotros – imos
• Venir – vin Ellos – ieron
• Dicir – dig
• Trear – traj
• Conducir – conduj
• Producir – produc
• Traducir – traduj

7. Snake ysnakey
• Stem changers in third person
• snake: (dormir)
– Dormi
– Dormiste
– Durmio
– Dormimos
– Durmieron
• Snakey (leer)
– Lei
– Leiste
– Leyo
– Limos
– Leyeron

8. Modal verbs
• Conjugate and pair the modal verbs with an
infinitive to get a new meeting
– Ir + a + infinitive = going to do ____
– Tenerque + infinitive = to have to do _____
– Poder + infinitive = are able to do ______
– Soler + infinitive = to be accustomed to
– Necessitar + infinitive = need to ______
– Querer + infinitive = want to _____

9. Adverbios
• Add mente to make word adverb.
– Claramente
– Constantemente
– Dificilmente
– Alegremente
• Irregulars
– Mucho, muy, mal, bastante, bien, ya, tan,
demasiado, nunca, peor, poco, siempre

10. Progressive
• Estar + infinitive (ando, iendo, yendo)
• Ando – ar
• Yendo – er/ir
• Iendo – ir(verb)

11. Futuro
• Infinitive (full word) + ending
• ar, er, ir
–e
– as
–a
– emos
– an

12. conditional (going to do)
• Infinitive + ending
• Ar, er, ir
–e
– as
–a
– emos
– an

13. Superlative
• More or less
• Article + noun + mas/menos + adjective + de
– Celestinoes el chicomasguapo de la clase

14. Formal Command
• Put in the yo form, then change the ending to
opposite.
• Er/ir = a
• Ar = e

15. prepositions
• Bajo = under
• Cerca de = near
• Despues de = after
• Detras de = behind
• Enfrente de = in front of
• Debajo de = below
• Sobre = on

16. Demonstrative
That ese esa
this este esta
That over there aquel aquella
those esos esas
these estos estas
Those over there aquellos aquellas