Revolution of Mobile communication from the electromagnetic wave, 1G,2G so on. to 5G, Characteristic of each and every generation. Datarate, bandwidth access technology etc.

1. 4G and 5G Communication
Revolution of Mobile Communication System
Manash Kumar Mondal
M. Tech (C.S.E)
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
University of Kalyani
May 20, 2018
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2. Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 2 / 37

3. Introduction Evolution of Wireless Technology
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 3 / 37

4. Introduction Evolution of Wireless Technology
G. Marconi, an Italian inventor, unlocks the path of recent day
wireless communications by communicating the letter ‘S’ along a
distance of 3Km in the form of three dot Morse code with the help of
electromagnetic waves.
1G and 2G technologies use circuit switching.
2.5G and 3G uses both circuit and packet switching.
From 3.5G to now i.e. 5G are using packet switching.
Licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum.
1G, 2G,2.5G,3G are belongs to licensed spectrum and 3.5G, 3.7G,
4G are belongs to unlicensed spectrum.
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5. Introduction Evolution of Wireless Technology
Licensed spectrum Vs. Unlicensed spectrum
Type Licensed spectrum Unlicensed spectrum
Need for license Not free(purchased) License -Free
Who can access
medium
Can be used by the owner
of the license
Anybody can use the
medium
How the medium
can be accessed
Via Scheduling( Need
proper permission for
transmit and received)
Free access no permis-
sion, anybody can ac-
cess.
Advantages Known and predictive in-
terference ,possibility to
use QoS
Free / or low cost of us-
ing, everywhere ,anytime
Challenges High Cost , most of the
time not fully used, need
centralized management
Unpredictable interfer-
ence (lack of QoS),high
load, low security
Frequency band
and( used sys-
tems)
700MHz,800Mhz,
1.8Ghz,2.6gHz, 3.5GHz(
TV, GSM, UMTS , LTE,
Military )
2.4GHz,5.8GHz,60GHz
(Bluetooth, Wifi , LAA)
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6. Introduction Evolution of Wireless Technology
Figure: Evolution of Wireless Technology
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7. Licensed spectrum 1st Generation (1G)
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 7 / 37

8. Licensed spectrum 1st Generation (1G)
The 1st Generation was announced in initial 1980’s.
It has a data rate up to 2.4kbps.
Access Technology: Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS),
Frequency Division Multiple Access(FDMA).
Frequency Band: 800MHz
Bandwidth:30KHz
Switching technology:Circuit
Application: voice
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9. Licensed spectrum 1st Generation (1G)
Figure: First generation mobiles
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10. Licensed spectrum 2nd Generation (2G)
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 10 / 37

11. Licensed spectrum 2nd Generation (2G)
2nd Generation was introduced in late 1990’s.
It has a data rate up to 10kbps.
Access Technology: Global System for Mobile Communication
(GSM),Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA).Code Division Multiple
Access(CDMA).
Frequency Band: 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
Bandwidth:200KHz
Switching technology:Circuit
Application: Voice and Data.
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12. Licensed spectrum 2nd Generation (2G)
Figure: 2nd Generation mobiles
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13. Licensed spectrum 2.5 Generation (2.5G)
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 13 / 37

14. Licensed spectrum 2.5 Generation (2.5G)
It has a data rate 50kbps to 250kbps.
Access Technology: General Packet Radio Service (GPRS),Enhanced
Data Rate for GSM Evolution (EDGE).
Frequency Band: 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
Bandwidth:200KHz
Switching technology:Circuit/Packet
Application: Voice and Data.
Manash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 14 / 37

15. Licensed spectrum 3rd Generation (3G)
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 15 / 37

16. Licensed spectrum 3rd Generation (3G)
The 3rd generation was established in late 2000.
It has a data rate up to 384 Kbps.
Access Technology: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
(WCDMA), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS)
Frequency Band:800/ 850/900/1800/1900/2100 MHz
Bandwidth:5MHz
Switching technology:Circuit/Packet
Application: Voice and Data + Video calling
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17. Unlicensed spectrum
Figure: 3rd Generation Mobiles
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18. Unlicensed spectrum 3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 18 / 37

19. Unlicensed spectrum 3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
It has a data rate up to 5- 30 Mbps.
Access Technology:High Speed Upload/ Download Packet
Access(USUPA/USDPA), Evolution- Data Optimized(EDO)
Frequency Band:800/ 850/900/1800/1900/2100 MHz
Bandwidth:5MHz
Switching technology:Packet
Application: Voice and Data + Video calling
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20. Unlicensed spectrum 3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 20 / 37

21. Unlicensed spectrum 3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
It has a data rate 100-200 Mbps.
Access Technology:Long Term Evalution(LTE), Orthogonal/Single
Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA/SC-FDMA) and
Fixed Wi-MAX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)
Frequency Band:1.8-2.6GHz
Bandwidth:1.4-20MHz
Switching technology:Packet
Application: Online Gaming ,High Definition Television.
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22. Unlicensed spectrum 4th Generation ( 4G)
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 22 / 37

23. Unlicensed spectrum 4th Generation ( 4G)
Data rate Download - 3Gbps, Upload -1.6 Mbps for LTE-A and
100-200 Mbps Mobile Wi-MAX
Access Technology:Long Term Evalution Advanced (LTE-A),
Wi-MAX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)
Frequency Band:1.8-2.6GHz
Bandwidth:1.4-20MHz
Switching technology:Packet
Application: Voice and Data + Video calling,Multimedia Messaging
Service (MMS), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) etc.
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24. Unlicensed spectrum 4th Generation ( 4G)
Figure: 4th Generation mobiles
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25. 5th Generation (5G)
Data rate 10-50Gbps (expected)
Access Technology:Beam Division Multiple Access (BDMA) and Non-
and quasi-orthogonal or Filter Bank multi- carrier (FBMC) multiple
access.
Frequency Band:1.8-2.6GHz and 30-300GHz.(expected)
Bandwidth:60GHz
Switching technology:Packet
Application: Ultra High definition Video ,Virtual reality application
Broadcasting (DVB) etc.
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26. 5th Generation (5G)
Figure: 5G in NOKIA
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27. 5th Generation (5G) A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 27 / 37

28. 5th Generation (5G) A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Figure: A general 5G cellular network architecture.
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29. 5th Generation (5G) Advantage of 5G
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 29 / 37

30. 5th Generation (5G) Advantage of 5G
High increased peak bit rate.
Larger data volume per unit area (i.e. high system spectral efficiency).
High capacity to allow more devices connectivity concurrently and
instantaneously.
Lower battery consumption.
Better connectivity irrespective of the geographic region, in which you
are.
Larger number of supporting devices.
Lower cost of infrastructural development.
Higher reliability of the communications.
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31. 5th Generation (5G) Dis-Advantage of 5G
Outline
1 Introduction
Evolution of Wireless Technology
2 Licensed spectrum
1st Generation (1G)
2nd Generation (2G)
2.5 Generation (2.5G)
3rd Generation (3G)
3 Unlicensed spectrum
3.5 Generation ( 3.5G)
3.7 Generation ( 3.7G)
4th Generation ( 4G)
4 5th Generation (5G)
A general 5G cellular network architecture.
Advantage of 5G
Dis-Advantage of 5G
5 Comparison of 1G to 5G
6 ConclusionManash Kumar Mondal M. Tech (C.S.E) 4G and 5G Communication May 20, 2018 31 / 37

32. 5th Generation (5G) Dis-Advantage of 5G
Technology is still under process and research on its viability is going
on.
The speed, this technology is claiming seems difficult to achieve (in
future, it might be) because of the incompetent technological support
in most parts of the world.
Many of the old devices would not be competent to 5G, hence, all of
them need to be replaced with new one - expensive deal.
Developing infrastructure needs high cost.
Security and privacy issue yet to be solved.
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33. Comparison of 1G to 5G
Figure: Comparison.
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34. Comparison of 1G to 5G
Figure: Comparison .
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35. Conclusion
5G technologies are likely to appear in the market in 2020. It is expected
to significantly improve customers Quality of Service in the context of
increasing growth of data volume in mobile networks and the growth of
wireless devices with variety of services provided.
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36. References
1 A. Gupta, R.K Jha , A Survey of 5G Network: Architecture and
Emerging Technologies. SPECIAL SECTION ON RECENT
ADVANCES IN SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORKING FOR 5G
NETWORKS, 2015. doi 10.1109/ACCESS.2015.2461602, IEEE
2 www.slideshare.net
3 www.tutorialpoints.com
4 google image
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37. Thank You.
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