2. INTRODUCTION
Oculomotor (3rd CN)
nerve is entirely motor in
function
Supplies all EOM except
LR and SO
Also innervates
sphincter pupillae and
ciliary muscle.
3. SOMATIC EFFERENT - movements of the eyeball
GENERAL VISCERAL EFFERENT-accomodation
and contraction of the pupil
GENERAL SOMATIC AFFERENT-proprioception
from EOM
FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS
4. OCULOMOTOR NUCLEAR COMPLEX
Lies in the midbrain at the level of superior
colliculus,in the ventromedial part of the central grey
matter that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct
5. Longitudinal column of
10mm length
Superiorly it approaches
the floor of 3rd ventricle
Inferiorly it continous
with the nucleus of the
trochlear nerve
6. COMPONENTS
1. Main motor nucleus (large multipolar neurons)
2. Accessory parasympathetic nucleus or Edinger –
westphal nucleus (small multipolar neurons)
7. MAIN MOTOR NUCLEUS
One centrally placed caudal nucleus supplies to both
LPS
Four lateral paired subnuclei that innervates
1. C/L SR (paramedian)
2. I/L IO (intermediate)
3. I/L MR (ventromedian)
4. I/L IR (dorsolateral)
8. • SITE- posterior to the main oculomotor nucleus mass
• Sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibres along
other oculomotor fibres
• Consists of a median and two lateral components
• Cranial half of the nucleus is concerned with light
reflexes
• Caudal half with accomodation
ACCESSORY MOTOR NUCLEUS
(Edinger Westphal Nucleus)
9.
10. CONNECTIONS OF THE NUCLEUS
1. CEREBRAL CORTEX
• Motor cortex (precentral gyrus) of both sides through the
corticonuclear tracts
• Visual cortex through the superior colliculus and the
tactobulbar tract
• Frontal eye field (FEF)
2. Nuclei of 4th,6th,8th CN through medial longitudinal
bundle
3. Pretectal nucleus of both sides(for light reflex)
4.Vertical and torsional gaze centres through medial
longitudinal bundle
5.Cerebellum through vestibular nuclei
19. CILIARY GANGLION
1. PARASYMPATHETIC ROOT-arise from nerve to IO
2. SENSORY ROOT-comes from nasociliary nerve
3. SYMPATHETIC ROOT-is a branch from internal
carotid plexus
20. BRANCHES OF CILIARY GANGLION
Gives 15-20 short ciliary nerve
Contains fibres of all three roots of ciliary ganglion
21. FUNCTIONS OF 3RD CN
Elevation of lid(levator palpabrae superioris)
All movements of eye except lateral,down and out
movements
Miosis ,Accomodation and light reflex
(parasympathetic innervation)
22. 3RD NERVE PALSY
Ptosis –paralysis of LPS
Deviation of eyeball-down,out ,intorted d/t
unopposed action of LR and SO
23. Ocular movements restricted-d/t paralysis of
1. Adduction-MR
2. Elevation-SR & IO
3. Depression-IR
4. Extorsion –IR & IO
Pupil is fixed and dilated –paralysis of sphincter
pupillae muscle
24. Loss of accomodation-paralysis of ciliary muscle
Crossed diplopia-paralytic divergent squint
Head is turned on the opposite side,tilted towards the
same side and chin is slightly raised
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28. Supranuclear Lesions
Lesions of cerebral cortex and supranuclear pathway
produce conjugate paresis which affect both eyes
equally
Although ,position and movements of the eyes are
abnormal,they maintain their coordination and
produce no diplopia.
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41. ABERRANT REGENERATION
It occurs following traumatic and compressive lesions
where endoneural sheaths are breached but not seen
in vascular lesion where they remain intact.
Clinical presentaions include lid and pupil gaze
dyskinesis.
42. Lid-Gaze Dyskinesis
Pseudo von graefe sign-IR fibres innervates the
elevator so that lid retracts when the patient looks
down
43. Inverse duaneis syndrome- MR fibres supply
some of the innervention to the levator so that lid
retracts when patient adducts his eyes.
44. Pupil-Gaze Dyskinesis
Pseudo –argyll robertson pupil - MR fibres
innervates pupillary sphincter muscles so that there
is more pupil constriction during convergence than
as a response to light