1. Kazan StateKazan State
Medical UniversityMedical University
Department of radiologyDepartment of radiology
Liver, bile duct, pancreas and spleen
2. Overview of the abdomenOverview of the abdomen
by:Mahiby:Mahi
3. And hereAnd here, we are about to describe one of the most, we are about to describe one of the most
important organ in the abdominal region.important organ in the abdominal region.
The liverThe liver
The liver is a large,The liver is a large,
meaty organ that sitsmeaty organ that sits
on the right side of theon the right side of the
Abdomen . WeighingAbdomen . Weighing
about 3 pounds, theabout 3 pounds, the
liver is reddish-brown inliver is reddish-brown in
color and feels rubberycolor and feels rubbery
to the touchto the touch
by:Mahiby:Mahi
5. Liver segments and lobulesLiver segments and lobules
The liver has two largeThe liver has two large
sections, called the rightsections, called the right
and the left lobes.and the left lobes.
And also consist of eightAnd also consist of eight
segments.segments.
The first segment isThe first segment is
cuadatecuadate
The right contain 4The right contain 4
segmentssegments
The left are 3 segments .The left are 3 segments .
Diagram showing the
segments
by:Mahiby:Mahi
6. liver’s functionliver’s function
The liver's main job is to filterThe liver's main job is to filter
the blood coming from thethe blood coming from the
digestive tract, before passing itdigestive tract, before passing it
to the rest of the body.to the rest of the body.
The liver also detoxifiesThe liver also detoxifies
chemicals and metabolizeschemicals and metabolizes
drugs. As it does so, the liverdrugs. As it does so, the liver
secretes bile that ends up backsecretes bile that ends up back
in the intestines. The liver alsoin the intestines. The liver also
makes proteins important formakes proteins important for
blood clotting and otherblood clotting and other
functions.functions.
by:Mahiby:Mahi
7. Blood supply and venousBlood supply and venous
drainagedrainage
The blood supply of the liverThe blood supply of the liver
is delivered through theis delivered through the
portal veinportal vein and theand the hepatichepatic
arteryartery. The. The hepatic arteryhepatic artery
brings oxygenated blood tobrings oxygenated blood to
the hepatic tissues, while thethe hepatic tissues, while the
portal vein collects theportal vein collects the
deoxygenated blood from thedeoxygenated blood from the
abdominal contents and filtersabdominal contents and filters
it, eliminating toxins andit, eliminating toxins and
processing the nutrientsprocessing the nutrients
TheThe hepatic portal systemhepatic portal system
is the system ofis the system of veinsveins
comprising thecomprising the
hepatic portal veinhepatic portal vein and itsand its
tributaries. It is also called thetributaries. It is also called the
portal venous system.portal venous system.
by:Mahiby:Mahi
8. Diagram for the vascularDiagram for the vascular
system of liversystem of liver
by:Mahiby:Mahi
9. Biliary tractBiliary tract
RIGHT AND LEFT HEPATIC DUCTSRIGHT AND LEFT HEPATIC DUCTS
MERGES TO FORM THEMERGES TO FORM THE COMMONCOMMON
HEPATIC DUCTHEPATIC DUCT
COMMON HEPATIC DUCTCOMMON HEPATIC DUCT LEAVEAS THELEAVEAS THE
LIVER AND GOINING TOLIVER AND GOINING TO CYSTIC DUCTCYSTIC DUCT
TO FORM THETO FORM THE COMMON BILE DUCTCOMMON BILE DUCT
FINALLY DRAIN INTOFINALLY DRAIN INTO THE DOEDENUMTHE DOEDENUMby:Mahiby:Mahi
10. And nowAnd now;; it’s time to discoverit’s time to discover
how your abdomen looks likehow your abdomen looks like
inside thisinside this Tunnel.Tunnel.
by:Mahiby:Mahi
16. PositioningPositioning
Position the patient in supine position with head pointingPosition the patient in supine position with head pointing
towards the magnet (head first supine) .towards the magnet (head first supine) .
Position the patient over the spine coil and place the body coilPosition the patient over the spine coil and place the body coil
over the upper abdomen (nipple down to iliac crest) .over the upper abdomen (nipple down to iliac crest) .
Securely tighten the body coil using straps to preventSecurely tighten the body coil using straps to prevent
respiratory artefacts .respiratory artefacts .
Give a pillow under the head and cushions under the legs forGive a pillow under the head and cushions under the legs for
extra comfort .extra comfort .
Centre the laser beam localizer over xiphoid process ofCentre the laser beam localizer over xiphoid process of
sternum .sternum .
by:Mahiby:Mahi
22. Plan the Axial slices on the Coronal plane ;
* angle the position block across the liver as shown.
* Check the positioning block in the other two planes.
* Slices must be sufficient to cover the whole liver from the
diaphragm down to the iliac crest
by:Mahiby:Mahi
24. Plan the coronal slices on the axial image;Plan the coronal slices on the axial image;
* position the block across the liver as shown.* position the block across the liver as shown.
* Check in the other two planes , Slices must be sufficient to cover the* Check in the other two planes , Slices must be sufficient to cover the
whole liver from the anterior abdominal wall to the posterior abdominalwhole liver from the anterior abdominal wall to the posterior abdominal
wall .wall .
by:Mahiby:Mahi
25. The Sequences After Inject The ContrastThe Sequences After Inject The Contrast
+C+C
( Post-Contrast )( Post-Contrast )
39. Hepatic cyst
CCongenital diseaseongenital disease
MRMR
Very low signal intensity on T1WI and very highVery low signal intensity on T1WI and very high
intensity on T2WIintensity on T2WI
by:Mahiby:Mahi
