HIV

1. RETROVIRUS IN HUMAN
INFECTION
N. MATHAN
I B.Sc Microbiology
Department of Microbiology
Sacred Heart College (Autonomous)
Tirupattur, Vellore District

2. RETROVIRUS
◦General characteristics
◦Pathogenesis
◦Disease transmission
◦Symptoms
◦ Laboratory Diagnosis
◦Treatment and Prevention

3. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
 Most dangerous virus for human beings.
 Enveloped virus
 Positive stand RNA
 Contains an enzyme Reverse Transcriptase
and Integrase.
 HIV Virus (AIDS) and Oncogenic viruses
(Cancer) are most dangerous viruses in
Retrovirus group.

4. PATHOGENESIS
 HIV Virus affects the T – Helper cells which
act as the soldier of our body.
 After the destruction of T – Helper cells all
microorganisms enters into the human
body and causes disease.

5. DISEASE TRANSMISSION
 Unsafe Sex
 Through Syringes and Needles
 Baby can get HIV infection from HIV
infected mother.
 Blood transfusion with HIV contaminated
blood.

6. SYMPTOMS
 Sudden Weight Loss
 Night Sweating
 Fever
 Headache
 Chronic Diarrhea
 Hypertension

7. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
 Preliminary Test – ELISA
 Confirmatory Test – Western Bloting

8. TREATMENT
 No medicine for HIV Infection
 The Antiviral drug Azidothymidine (AZT)
extend the life span of AIDS patient for six
months.

9. PREVENTIVE MEASURES
 Avoiding Unsafe sex
 Avoiding contaminated Syringes & Needles
 Avoiding the transfusion of HIV
contaminated blood.

10. THANK
YOU