Development Control Rules (DCR) as per National Building Safety code (NBC)

1. DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENT
CONTROL RULES AND
REGULATIONS UNDER
BUILDING BYE-LAWS

2. DEVELOPMENT CONTROL RULES AND
REGULATION
 Development Control Regulations are a set of rules
that ensure the proper and effective development of a
city, as well as the general welfare of the public.
 It is a mechanism that controls the development and
use of land. This involves the construction of new
buildings, the extension of the existing ones, and the
change of use of the building or land to another use.
 DCR are a must for every growing city because the
area immediately beyond the city limits is often a source
of health risk to the city and generally under no strict
control of the effective local authority.
 The Metropolitan Commissioner is the supreme
authority for review of DCR’s provisions and his decision
would be final. The Metropolitan Commissioner could
use his power to approve provisions of these regulations
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3. OBJECTIVES OF
DCR
 To stop the unfavorable demand and misuse of land.
 To assist private interest along with public interest in all
phases of development.
Development control is legal in nature and the planning
authority has the power to punish the defaulters.
 To control and limit overcrowding on land.
 To control the private development as per the required
rules in connection to public safety, health, and
convenience.
(An Overcrowding situation)
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4. 1. Town and Country
Planning Act
2. Building Bye-laws
3. Land Acquisition Act
4. Zoning Regulations
5. Slum Clearance Act
6. Periphery Control Act
TYPES OF
DCR
1. Town and Country Planning Act
States the policies and general proposals for the
development and other use of land in its area;
Takes account of the policies
at national and regional level insofar as they affect
the physical and environmental planning of its
area; and Provides the framework for local plans.
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5. 2. Building Bye-laws
Building bye-laws are legal tools used to regulate
coverage, height, building bulk, and architectural
design and construction aspects of buildings so as to
achieve orderly development of an area.
Purpose
• Formulated primarily by a central authority, building
bye-laws ensure that constructions are not only safe
but also adhere to aesthetic standards.
• Building bye-laws also govern the provisions for
open spaces in a project, with the aim to ensure that
developments do not turn the city into a concrete
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6. BYE-
LAW
S
Area
and
usage
(Aspects covered by building bye laws)
Building
Height
Building
Coverag
e
Floor
Space
Index
Density
Parking
facilities Fire
Provisio
n
Baseme
nt
facilities
Green
Spaces
Open
Spaces
Setback
&
projectio
n
Amenitie
s
Sewerag
e
Provisio
n for
Water
Provisio
n for
Power
Supply
Provisio
n for
elevator
s
Waste
Manageme
nt
Rain Water
Harvesting
Barrier free
Environme
nt
Communicati
on
Technology
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7. Area & Usage
• It defines which parcel area of land should used for
which purpose.
• Some examples of land use are Residential,
Commercial, Industrial, Institutional etc.
• For that purpose colour codes are used to define a
Land use.
Guidelines for provision of Basement
• The minimum height of the basement should be 2.5
meters and the maximum height 4.5 meters.
• The ceiling height should be a minimum of 0.9 meters
and maximum of 1.2 meters above the road surface.
• Ventilation is must for the basement and could be in
the form of blowers, exhaust fans, air-conditioning, etc.
• Surface drainage should not enter the basement.
• The basement’s walls and floors must be water-proof.
• The basement should not be accessed directly from
the road. It should be accessed only from the main
entrance or an alternative staircase that provides
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8. Guidelines related to Building exits
• An exit must be provided in every building, so as to
permit safe escape of residents in times of fire
or earthquakes etc.
• Exits are compulsory and these should be clearly
visible to all and must be illuminated. These cannot be
reduced in number, width or by any other means. The
requisite number is dependent on occupancy load,
capacity, travel distance, etc.
• Alarms are necessary to ensure those in danger are
evacuated promptly.
• Exits should be continuous, leading to the exterior of
the building.
• Exits can be horizontal or vertical.
• Lifts and revolving doors are not exits.
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9. Floor Space Index
• It is the ratio of the covered area of a building (built-up
area) to the area of the plot (land) on which the building
is meant to be built or stands. FSI is the total amount of
area (including all floors) that can be built upon a plot,
leaving the remaining as open space.
• As per the new rules, balconies, flower beds, voids
and niches are calculated in FSI and to compensate the
loss, the government has permitted fungible FSI up to
35 percent for residential and 20 percent for
commercial developments.
Size of Plot
As per the DCR, the size of plots appropriate for
residential development ranges according to the
income level of occupants. The ideal size requirements
under DCR are -
1. Low-Income Group (LIG) - 135-180 Sq m
2. Mid-Income Group (MIG) - 216 to 360 Sq m
3. High-Income Group (HIG) - 486 to 972 Sq m
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10. No
Group of
occupancy
Number of occupants
Stairways Ramps Doors
1 Residential 25 50 75
2 Educational 25 50 75
3 Institutional 25 50 75
4 Assembly 40 50 60
5 Business 50 60 75
6 Mercantile 50 60 75
7 Industrial 50 60 75
8 Storage 50 60 75
9 Hazardous 25 30 40
Capacity of exits in different types of building
(Source; NBC Occupants per unit width)
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11. Occupant Load
Sl.
No.
Type of Occupancy
Occupant Load per 100 sq
m. of Plinth or Covered
Area
1 Residential 8.0
2
Educational
25.0
3 Institutional 6.60
4
Assembly
(a) with fixed or loose seats and
dance floor
(b) without seating facilities
including
dining rooms
166.6
66.6
5
Mercantile
(a) street floor and sales
basement
(b) upper sale floor
33.3
16.6
6 Business and industrial 10.0
7 Storage 3.3
8 Hazardous 10.0
(Source; NBC)
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12. Guidelines for Open Areas
• Every room, habited by people, should open into an
exterior or interior open space or verandah.
• Open spaces should be counted in the FAR, as per
the master plan.
• These areas should be free of erections of any kind,
except cornice, chajja or weather shade that is not
more than 0.75 meters wide.
• Every interior or exterior or air space should be
maintained for the benefit of such building exclusively
and shall be entirely within the owner’s own premises.
NBC guidelines regarding fire safety
In large-sized buildings where accidents due to fire may
not be easily noticed, automatic fire detection and
alarm facilities are a must and should be provided. Not
just this, such buildings should be provided with and
protected by fire extinguishers, wet risers, automatic
sprinkler installations, etc. These shall be in
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13. RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS (A)
• For Lodging or Rooming Houses, Fire Extinguisher,
hose reel, automatic sprinkler system, a terrace tank of
5000litres to 10000 litres should be installed.
• For one or two family private dwellings none of these
are required.
• For dorms and apartment houses, installation of fire
extinguisher, hose reel, automatic sprinkler system, and
terrace tank ranging from 5000 L to 25000 L according
to the building height is required.
• For dorms and apartments, the buildings above 35m
requires wet riser, manually operated electric fire alarm
system and an underground static water storage tank
installation.
• In residential hotels, installation of fire extinguisher,
Minimum Requirements for Fire Fighting
Installations
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14. EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS (B)
For Ground plus one storey buildings and ground plus 2 or
more storey buildings installation of fire extinguisher, hose
reel, automatic sprinkler system and terrace tanks ranging
from 5000L to 25000L is mandatory.
INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS (C)
For Hospitals, Sanatoria and Nursing Homes installation of
fire extinguisher, hose reel, automatic sprinkler system,
manually operated electric fire alarm system and terrace
tank ranging from 2500 to 20000 L.
HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS (J)
• For Single storey buildings fire extinguisher, hose reel,
yard hydrant, automatic sprinkler system, manually
operated electric fire alarm system, Automatic Detection
and Alarm System ,Underground Static Water Storage
Tank is required to be installed.
• For more than one floor building fire extinguisher, hose
reel, wet riser, down comer, yard hydrant, automatic
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15. (Some fire fighting installations)
3. Land Acquisition Act
Land acquisition is the power of the union or a state
government in India to acquire private land for the
purpose of industrialization, development of
infrastructural facilities or urbanization of the
private land, and to compensate the
affected land owners for their rehabilitation and
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16. 4. Zoning regulations
The purpose of zoning is to allow local and national
authorities to regulate and control land and property
markets to ensure complementary uses. Zoning can
also provide the opportunity to stimulate or slow down
development in specific areas.
Advantages of zoning
 Zoning enforces many restrictions like height
limitations, space requirement, building size, and
other development standards. These restrictions
and standards help prevent overcrowding in the
specified area by limiting the amount and sizes of
structures and parcels.
 Zoning protects existing property values by
preventing incompatible uses of a property. For
example, a bar would not be allowed near an
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17.  Zoning checks buildings from being built too close to
each other.
 Zoning protects recreational areas and allows for
more open spaces in the neighborhood.
 Zoning has aesthetic values in its aim to enhance
the beauty of a community by requiring landscaping,
buffers, and parking lot improvements.
5. Slum Clearance Act
Slum clearance, slum eviction or slum removal is an
urban renewal strategy used to transform low income
settlements with poor reputation into another type of
development or housing.
6. Periphery control Act
An Act to control and regulate the Periphery of [the
territories which immediately before the 1st November,
1966, comprised the new Capital] the State of Punjab.
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18. URMIKANT MANINANDAN SAHU